MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY
1. The most consistent cause of osteomyelitis in which one of the following organisms?
a. Escherichia coli
b. Klebsiella
c. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
d. Staphylococcus aureus
BOOK: BRS MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY 6TH EDITION; Page 94
2. Several vertically transmitted infections may lead to hearing impairment, mental retardation and
autism in a newborn, which of the following will LEAST LIKELY infect a fetus by transplacental
transmission?
a. Syphilis
b. Rubella
c. Cytomegalovirus
d. Hepatitis B virus
BOOK: Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26 th edition. Chapter 30 Pathogenesis
and Control of Viral Disease Page 440
3. Which antibody titers indicate recent or recurrent streprococcal infection and are found MORE OFTEN
in rheumatic individuals?
a. Anti-Streptolysin O
B. Anti- hyaluronidase
c. Anti-DNase B
d. Anti-M protein
BOOK: Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26 TH edition. Chapter 14 The
Streptococci, Enterococci, and Related Genera Page 215
4. In which of the following exudate specimen can a positive smear for Neisseria gonorrhoea be a basis
for presumptive diagnosis of gonorrhoea and start of treatment without additional laboratory test/s?
a. Throat
b. Endocervical
c. Uretheral
d. Rectal
BOOK: Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26 th edition. CHAPTER 20 The Neisseriae
Page 289
5. Which of the following statement is TRUE regarding post streptococcal disease?
a. The rates of nephritis and rheumatic fever are similar following untreated related infection.
b. Rheumatic fever has a marked tendency to be reactivated by recurrent streptococcal infection.
c. Either skin infection or pharyngitis precedes rheumatic fever.
d. Antistreptococcal chemoprophyaxis is recommended in glomerulonephritis patient
BOOK: Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26 TH edition. Chapter 14 The
Streptococci, Enterococci, and Related Genera Page 215
6. What is the MOST APPROPRIATE statement about the Herpes simplex Virus?
a. In the presence of intact skin, the route of infection is either the oral or the genital mucosa only.
b. Latent infection follows the primary infection with the virus persisting in the genitalia
c. Newborn who acquire passively maternal antibodies are permanently protected from viral infection.
d. Antibodies from a primary infection prevents recurrence of the infections.
BOOK: Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26 TH edition. CHAPTER 33 Herpesviruses
471
7. Which is the MOST common viral infection of the reproductive system?
a. Molluscom contagiusom
b. HIV
c. Human papilloma Virus
d. Genital Herpes
BOOK: BRS MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY 6TH EDITION; Page 156
8. To which the following is the toxicity in gonococcal infection largely attributed to?
a. Lipoolligoaccharide
b. Fimbrae
c. Ops protein
d. Por protein
BOOK: Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26 th edition. CHAPTER 20 The Neisseriae
Page 287
9. What is the MAJOR problems caused by infection with enteroccocal ( E. faecalis and E. faecium )
a. They can be very resistant to antibiotic.
b. Several species of the organisms are associated with the disease.
c. It can be transmitted to patient from the hands of hospital personnel.
d. They grow well in environment with a wide range temperature.
BOOK: Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26 th edition. CHAPTER 14 The
Streptococci, Enterococci, and Related Genera Page 222
10. What diagnostic procedure can be done in which would be strongly suggestive of endocarditis?
a. Electrocardiogram
b. Chest xray
c. Echocardiogram
d. (+) Blood culture
BOOK: Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26 th edition . CHAPTER 48 Cases and
Clinical Correlations 793
11. Which group of streptococcus is MOST COMMONLY involved as a causative agent of acute and
subacute endocarditis?
a. Streptococcus pyogens
b. Streptococcus agalactiae
c. Streptococcus hovis
d. Streptococcus viridans
BOOK: Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition .CHAPTER 14 The
Streptococci, Enterococci, and Related Genera 218
12. Which part of a long bone, e.g Femur, is the primary focus of staphylococcal osteomyelitis
a. Epiphyseal line
b. Diaphysis
c. Epiphysis
d. Metaphysis
BOOK: Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26 th edition . The
Staphylococci 203
13. The natural reservoirs of Ebola in which of the following animals?
a. Rodents
b. Rats
c. Currently unknown
d. Pig
BOOK: Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition . CHAPTER 38 Arthropod-
Borne and Rodent-Borne Viral Disease Page 553
14. Which of the following will LEAST LIKELY differentiate Taenia Saginata from Taenia Solium?
a. Presence of hooks
b. Number of uterine branches
c. Appearance of their scolex
d. Gross morphology of their eggs.
BOOK: Clinical Parasitology A Practical Approach Second Edition. Chapter 10 The Cestodes Page 243-
244
15. Laboratory requests for fungal culture on Sabourad’s Dextrose agar at 25C will take how many weeks
before follow up to see the result?
a. 4
b. 3
c. 1
d.2
BOOK: Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26 th edition. Chapter 45 Medical
Mycology Page 681
16. Which of the following statement MOST likely describes heat-stable toxin of E.coli?
a. Specifically targets the vascular endothelium of the glomerulus
b. Acts on small blood vessels but not large vessels such as arteries and major veins.
c. With 2 classes that are both associated with human disease.
d. Membrane acting
BOOK: Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26 th edition CHAPTER 15 Enteric Gram-
Negative Rods (Enterobacteriaceae) 234
Situation 1: An illness characterized by high grade fever, diffuse red rash that later desquamated,
abdominal cramps and diarrhea, shock and multiorgan failure was reported among women who used
tampon during their menstrual period. This was termed Toxic Shock Syndrome.
17. What is the most probable cause of this illness?
a. Hemolysin
b. A superantigen
c. Peptidoglycan
d. An endotoxin
BOOK: Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26 th edition . CHAPTER 13 The
Staphylococci 202
18. Which of the following explains the clinical manifestation of this illness?
A. Hemolysis
B. Antigen-antibody reaction
C. Cytokine release
D. Tissue necrosis
Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs, Medical Microbiology, 26th edition, CHAPTER 13: The Staphylococci
Page 202
19. Which of the following organism was MOST likely cause of the illness?
A. Staphylococcus aureus
B. Clostridium perfringens
C. Salmonella typhi
D. Shigella
Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs, Medical Microbiology, 26th edition, CHAPTER 13: The Staphylococci
Page 202
Situation 2 – The Neisseria gonorrheae is a sexually transmitted disease in humans.
20. To which of the following is the toxicity in gonococcal infection largely attributed?
A. Opa protein
B. Por protein
C. Lipooligosaccharides
D. Fimbriae
Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs, Medical Microbiology, 26th edition, CHAPTER 20: The Neisseriae Page
287
21. Which of the following processes is used by the Neisseria gonococci to elude the host immune
system?
A. Frequent antigenic shifting
B. Intracellular location
C. Mimicry of its cell membrane to human glycosphingolipid
D. Heterogenous nature of bacterial proteins
Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs, Medical Microbiology, 26th edition, CHAPTER 20: The Neisseriae Page
287
22. In which of the following specimen can a positive smear for Neisseria gonorrheae be a basis for a
presumptive diagnosis of gonorrhea and start of treatment without additional laboratory test/s?
A. Rectal exudates
B. Throat exudates
C. Urethral exudates from male
D. Endocervical exudates
Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs, Medical Microbiology, 26th edition, CHAPTER 20: The Neisseriae Page
287
Situation 3 – A 28-year old full term pregnant delivered her baby while she is having at the same time
painful grouped vesicles located on the left mucosal side of her vaginal canal.
23. What would be the danger of having such lesions during delivery? Possibility of having __________
A. Neonatal Herpes
B. Localized Zoster
C. Neonatal varicella
D. Herpetic whitlow
Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs, Medical Microbiology, 26th edition, CHAPTER 33: Herpesviruses Page
474
24. The possible cause of death of newborn with disseminated viral disease of this etiology, is which one
of the following?
A. Bacterial infection
B. Encephalitis
C. Intravascular coagulopathy
D. Cardiac Septal defect
Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs, Medical Microbiology, 26th edition, CHAPTER 33: Herpesviruses Page
474
25. What will be the sequelae of the neonate who had survived this severe infection?
A. Cardiomyopathy
B. Growth retardation
C. Epidermal tissue abnormalities
D. Neurologic impairment
Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs, Medical Microbiology, 26th edition, CHAPTER 33: Herpesviruses Page
474
Situation 4 – A 38- year old, female, in patient, was noted to have developed heart murmur after a bout
of high- grade fever for 3 days, and was eventually diagnosed to have endocarditis. Past medical records
prior to admission, showed she had no abnormal heart findings. She underwent appendectomy one
week before the onset of fever. The surgical wound was noted to have erythematous edges during
dressing on the 2nd post-op day.
26. Blood culture was able to isolate gram-positive no-hemolytic cocci. The organism was observed to
grow on bile and on 6.5% NaCl, and survived at temperature range of 10-45C. which of the following is
MOST likely causative organism.
A. Staphylococcus epidermidis
B. Enterecoccus fecalis
C. Streptococcus pyogenes
D. Streptococcus viridans
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs, Medical Microbiology, 26 th edition, Chapter 14: The Streptococci,
Enterococci, and Related Genera Page 222
27.What is the MAJOR problem posed by these organisms?
A. Antibiotic resistance
B. Difficult to isolate
C. Variable antigenic property
D. Anti-phagocytic toxins
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs, Medical Microbiology, 26th edition, Chapter 14: The Streptococci,
Enterococci, and Related Genera Page 222
28. Which of the following statements regarding acute/subacute bacterial endocarditis is TRUE?
A. It has the same pathogenesis as the rheumatic fever.
B. Prompt treatment with high dose penicillin aborts its development.
C. Antibiotic susceptibility test are useful for optimal treatment.
D. Its more common causative agents are not members of the normal microbiota.
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs, Medical Microbiology, 26 th edition, Chapter 14: The Streptococci,
Enterococci, and Related Genera Page 218
Situation 5 – HIV is a serious health problem because of the subsequent AIDS.
29. What molecule is the receptor for the virus in the host cells.
A. CCR5
B. CDR24
C. CD4
D. CXCR4
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs, Medical Microbiology, 26 th edition, Chapter 44: AIDS and Lentiviruses
Page 657
30. What is the cardinal feature of HIV infection?
A. Neoplastic transformation of infected cells
B. Cytolysis of monocytes/ monocytes
C. Multi-organ invasion
D. Depletion of T- lymphocytes
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs, Medical Microbiology, 26th edition, Chapter 44: AIDS and Lentiviruses
Page 658
31. Intracellular inhibitory protein referred to as restriction factors have been identified. Which of the
following is included among them?
A. APOBEC3G
B. Interferon
C. TM env protein
D. Tumor suppression gene
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs, Medical Microbiology, 26 th edition, Chapter 44: AIDS and Lentiviruses
Page 654
Situation 6 – A female sex worker developed purulent vaginal discharge but failed to seek medical
treatment. Later she developed papules and pustules on her hand, forearm and legs. What finally
prompted her to seek medical consult was when she had painful swelling of her wrists.
32. What is the MOST probable diagnosis of the joint swelling?
A. Gouty Arthritis
B. Gonococcal Arthritis
C. TB synovitis
D. Hemorrhagic Arthritis
Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs, Medical Microbiology, 26th edition, CHAPTER 20: The Neisseriae Page
289
33. What would be the MOST helpful diagnostic laboratory test to support the clinical diagnosis?
A. Smear of the aspirate
B. Nucleic Acid amplification test
C. Culture of the aspirate
D. Serologic detection of antibody
Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs, Medical Microbiology, 26th edition, CHAPTER 20: The Neisseriae Page
290
34. How does this organism elude the immune system of its host?
Ans. B. Rapid switching of antigenic form
Book: Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition . CHAPTER 20 Page 285
35. What is the primary impression of this case?
Ans.A 2nd bacterial infection
Book: Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition . CHAPTER 13 Page 202
36. What organism is involved in the patient’s lesions?
Ans. B. Staphylococcus
Book: Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition . CHAPTER 13 Page 199
37. What diagnostic tool can be requested?
Ans. D. Gram stain
Book: Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition . CHAPTER 13 Page 203
38. What is the bacteria causing this illness?
Ans. B. Chlamydia Psittaci
Book: Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition . CHAPTER 27 Page366-367
39. What is the outstanding property of the group to which this bacteria belong?
Ans. C. Resistant to all antibiotic
Book: Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition . CHAPTER 27 Page 367
40. What is the infectious particle in this group of bacteria?
Ans. A. Capsule Polysaccharide
Book: Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition . CHAPTER 27 Page 367
41. What is the most probable causative organisms?
Ans. D. Chlamydia trachomatis
Book: Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition . CHAPTER 27 Chlamydia spp.
363
42.What is the test of choice to establish its diagnosis?
Ans: B. Nucleic acid amplification test
Book: Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition . CHAPTER 27 Chlamydia spp.
363
43. What property is unique in this organism?
Ans:
Book: Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition . CHAPTER 27 Chlamydia spp.
363
Situation 10: A previously healthy young man was brought to the ER because of progressively general
weakening with symmetrical involvement of both upper and lower extremeties. This was preceded by
sudden onset of doubling vision, difficulty of swallowing and slurring of speech. He was afebrile. In the
ER, he suddenly went into respiratory difficulty and irreversible cardiac arrest. Upon interview of the
relative, it was revealed that he had eaten leftover canned sardines for lunch.
44. What is the most probable diagnosis?
Ans: B. Butolism
Book: Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition . CHAPTER 11 Spore-Forming
Gram-Positive Bacilli: Bacillus and Clostridium Species
45. What is the MOST PROBABLE causative organism involved in this disease?
Ans: A. Clostridium botulinum
Book: : Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition . CHAPTER 11 Spore-Forming
Gram-Positive Bacilli: Bacillus and Clostridium Species
46. Which of the following BEST describe the clinic-pathogenesis of the disease?
Ans: A. Inhibition of release of neurotransmitted by the toxin.
Book: : Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition . CHAPTER 11 Spore-Forming
Gram-Positive Bacilli: Bacillus and Clostridium Species
Situation 11: A 15 year old girl, malnourished, developed fever, malaise, migratory joint pains, and
swollen joints. She was diagnosed with Carditis.
47. What is the patient history should be asked in relative to patient ‘s signs and symptoms history of
Ans: D. Pharyngitis 1-4 weeks earlier
Book: : Jawets, Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26 th edition . CHAPTER 14 The Streptococci,
Enterococci, and Related Genera 214
50. A. Bacterial Vaginosis
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition.Page 297
51. D. Overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria, decreased lactobacilli, increased vaginal Ph
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition.Page 297
52. A. Metronidazole, 2x/day for 7 days
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition.Page 297
53. B. Emtamoeba Hystolitica
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition.Page 721
54. C. Protozoa
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition.Page 721
55. B. Habitation of the gastrointestinal mucosa (???)
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition.Page 721
56. B. Clostridium perfringens
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition.Page 182
57. A. Gram positive bacillie
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition.Page 182
58. D. Thioglycolate medium
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition.Page 182
59. B. Poliovirus
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition.Page 531
60. A. Destruction of the lower motor neurons
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition.Page 532
61. B. Global eradication
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition.Page 532
62. C. Enterotoxigenic Ecoli
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition.Page 234
63. C. Shiga toxin producing Ecoli
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition.Page 234
64. A. Enteroinvasive Ecoli
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition.Page 234
65. D. Primary Tuberculosis
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition.Page 316
66. What does a positive tuberculin test imply?
B. Active disease
Murray, Rosenthal, PFaller pp. 223
67. In which layer of the tubercle (TB granuloma) can TB bacilli be isolated and cultured?
-cannot find answer
68. What is the most outstanding property of herpes virus?
D. The infection becomes lifetime with latency and reactivation
Murray, Rosenthal, PFaller pp. 426
69. Which of the ff. is caused by herpes virus?
C. Simplex infection
Murray, Rosenthal, PFaller pp. 428
70. Which of the ff. herpes virus can cause congenital anomalies usually involving the CNS?
A. Cytomegalovirus
Murray, Rosenthal, PFaller pp. 441
71. What is the CARDINAL pathogenic feature of HIV infection?
A. Depletion of T lymphocytes
Murray, Rosenthal, PFaller pp. 441
72. Which of the ff. is the best predictor of the long term clinical outcome of HIV infection?
B. Plasma viral load
Murray, Rosenthal, PFaller pp. 541
73. What is the MOST optimistic but realistic expectation of treatment of HIV infected patients considering
the current advances in drug and related therapy?
D. Prolonged suppression of viral replication
Murray, Rosenthal, PFaller pp. 542
74. Which of the following is the most probable organism involved?
A. Escherichia coli
Murray, Rosenthal, PFaller pp. 257
75. Which of the ff. pathogenic features explains the neurologic manifestation of the patient?
A. Bacterial invasion of the CNS an local release of endotoxin
Murray, Rosenthal, PFaller pp. 259
76. Which of the ff. characteristic distinguishes this organism on differential media?
B. It's somatic O antigen
Murray, Rosenthal, PFaller pp. 255
77. This lady developed which one of the ff. concerns?
A. Pneumococcal pneumonia
Murray, Rosenthal, PFaller pp. 195
78. If Jeannette was not treated early enough for her condition, what can happen?
A. Consolidation of the lung
Murray, Rosenthal, PFaller pp. 197
79. How does Pneumococci produce the disease? Which of the ff. is the LEAST LIKELY reason?
A. There is loss of the natural resistance of the host
Murray, Rosenthal, PFaller pp. 200
80. What will be the gram stain and culture results of the urethral smear of the patient?
A. Gram negative intracellular diplococci with opaque colonies
Murray, Rosenthal, PFaller pp. 235
81. What organism is the most causative agent of urethritis in males?
A. N. gonorrhea
Murray, Rosenthal, PFaller pp. 238
82. For males, when the stain results positive, there is no need for additional diagnostic testing. However,
for females, which of the ff. should be done?
C. Nucleic acid amplification test
Murray, Rosenthal, PFaller pp. 240
83. What pathogen is responsible for the patient's condition?
C. Legionella pneumophilla
Murray, Rosenthal, PFaller pp. 297
84. A. Gram negative, nonencapsulated, aerobic bacilli
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition. Page 305
85. B. Azithromycin/ D. Doxycyline
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition. Page 307
86. C. Staph cassette chromosome mec (SCC mec)
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition. Page 200
87. A. More tissue invasiveness (dik sure)
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition. Page 200
88. D. Pantene-Valentin Leukocidin
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition. Page 202
89. C. Sporotrichosis
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition. Page 682
90. C. Fungal Culture
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition. Page 682
91. All of the above???
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition. Page 682
92. C. Yersinia pestis
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition. Page 280
93. ????
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition. Page 280
94. A. V and W antigens
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition. Page 279
95. C. Mycoplasma pneumonia
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition. Page 343
96. C. Bacteria is cell wall defective
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition. Page 345
97. A. Clinical recognition
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition. Page 344
98. B. S. typhimurium
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition. Page 239
99. A. S. cholerasius
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition. Page 239
100. D. Lymphoid tissue
Jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology, 26th edition. Page 239
