GETS: AN ONLINE TOURIST PORTAL FOR GINGOOG CITY WITH MOBILE

ANDROID APPLICATION

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A Capstone Project Presented to the

Faculty of the College of Information Technology
Liceo de Cagayan University
Cagayan de Oro City

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In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology

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Vinson J. Jadol
Charles H. Sumugat
Marlou Sean E. Kho

February 2018
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Chapter 1

THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

Introduction

Nowadays, most people who plan a trip or a day-out will first initiate a search through

the internet. More and more people realize the advantages of the new technologies for

planning leisure activities as an increasing number of companies and institutions offer tourist

information which is easily accessible through web services. However, travelers usually have

a limited knowledge of the city to visit and they are unaware of the local artistic, social or

entertainment places. A user may find a large amount of information about the city, but he

may invest a long time selecting the activities he prefers and organizing them to profitably

spend a day-out.

The term Gingoog originally came from the word “Hingoog”, which means

“Goodluck”, from a Lumad tribe of Manobo who settled in the area.The word implies good

fortune, thus Gingoog City means the City of Good Luck. The natives of this place are the

ones with the family names of “Gingco”, and “Gingoyon”. Gingoog is abundant in the

supply of fruits such as lanzones, durian, mangosteen, mango, rambutan and marang. It is

also abundant in vegetables such as tomatoes and sweet peas. Among its produce are rice,

corn, coconut, banana, coffee, spices and root crops. Furthermore, it has vast potentials for

large scale livestock and poultry production. Also Gingoog has the potential to become an

agro-industrial and tourism center. Because of that, potential businesses that can be put up in

the city includes: furniture and fixture; essential oil and fragrances; demonstration farms;
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and financial services. The place also is rich in beautiful wonders which include the likes of

Bukid-bukid waterfalls, Kilubang waterfalls, Tiklas waterfalls, Mount Lumot in Barangay

Lunotan, Mount Balatukan, Bantawan lake, lagondong, Tinulongan and Tangkud caves,

Badiangon Spring and Beach, Punong White Beach.

As part of our system development we introduce the use of Mobile Application. Apps

officially dominate the desktop web, with 50% of our digital time spent on our smartphones.

While there’s no doubt that the mobile market is growing, it’s becoming more of a challenge

to make a dent in the market. Cities, regions, or even countries can take advantage of apps to

show potential visitors what makes their destination so special, from showcasing beautiful

scenery, to unique traditions or cultural distinctiveness. The key is multifunctionality, with

tips, visitor information (with points of interest such as museums, landmarks, etc.),

directions, all this to save travelers a headache, but also with insightful and categorized

content. A beautifully curated app often being about the perfect balance between usability

and inspiration.

According to Juhi Agarwal (2013), Tourism is considered as a most profitable

industry in today's era, because it provides the opportunity to the people to earn chunk of

money. Whenever a person opens a particular site, in order to attain information about a

particular tourism spot, then the website always shows the same data to different number of

people i.e. the content remains the same. Searching for a particular place provides the people

huge amount of information which is generally waste of time. A Recommendation System is

a personalization tool that offers users with a list of items that best fit their individual taste.
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According to Shaun Richings (2017), The Web is highly accessible all over the world

and its modern way to share information leave reviews, so internet marketing will be the best

solution for promoting travel and tourism too. Business is all about generating customers and

retaining them along with generating profit, so for the tourism and travel agencies internet

marketing and SEO will be the most effective way to lead and guide them in an effective

way.

According to Dandison C. Ukpabi, Heikki Karjaluoto(2017), The impact of

information and communications technology (ICT) in tourism has altered the ways tourism

services are accessed and consumed. Ubiquitous and highly innovative ICTs provide

different channels for consumers to use tourism services; thus, studies on e-tourism are

numerous and fragmented. Different factors account for how consumers embrace these

channels. The purpose of this study is to review studies on consumers’ acceptance or

adoption of e-tourism in order to group the studies, synthesize the theories, models and

frameworks used and identify the antecedents influencing consumers’ e-tourism acceptance

and usage.

According to Leila Etaati, David Sundaram (2015), Recommendation systems and

tourism systems have been introduced in travel applications to support the travelers in their

decision-making processes. These systems should respond to the unexpected changes during

the travel. As a result, the first step is to sense the traveler’s specifications, needs, and

preferences before, during, and after the travel. Moreover, they should gather information

about the accommodations, flights, cities, activities, and destinations through the different

sources. In the next stage, these systems should provide personalized information. However,
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current tourist systems are not able to collect all travelers and travel products information

from different resources.

According to Pree Thiengburanathum, Shuang Cang, Hongnian Yu (2015), Choosing

a tourist destination from the information that is available on the Internet and through other

sources is one of the most complex tasks for tourists when planning travel, both before and

during travel. To address this issue, it requires a full understanding of the tourists' decision-

making and novel models for their information search process.

The study GETS: An Online Tourist Portal for Gingoog City with Mobile Android

Application serves as a virtual tour of many tourist destinations in Gingoog City. This mobile

android application will display information about the tourist destinations in Gingoog City.

Informations like the geographical location of a certain destinations, the images, history and

other information which are helpful to the tourists. This study will help many users like the

tourist itself. They can locate the tourist destination without asking a specific person they just

need to visit the site and by there they will be able to locate the destination themselves. The

job of the Department of Tourism will be minimize because this site's main purpose is to help

promote this tourist destinations and by that the said branch of the government and its duty in

promoting this destinations will be easy. This system is mainly for the tourists that are fun of

discovering tourist destinations especially those not known destinations. This will give the

tourist who visits the site, detailed and complete information about these destinations.
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Framework

Figure 1: IPOS Model

The researchers used Input – Process – Output-Storage Conceptual Model. Based on

the IPOS model, input is raw data which is fed into the system by using external devices such

as keyboard, mouse, scanner, touchpad and so on. Process is the key part of the IPO model. It

is where actions on the data inputted are performed which generally includes storage,

retrieval, and modification of data. Processing of data is accomplished by hardware and

software. The Output is the result of the processing done on the data. Output may be in

different forms i.e. reports, printouts, display on monitor, sound, etc. Sometimes Output also

has the Feedback which is important for the further actions or calls to be taken when this

output is feed as an input to another system. Storage on the other hand includes the hardware

devices on which processed data/information is stored. The storage device may be hard

drives, optical drives, solid state memory, or cloud storage. Storage is used to retrieve the
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information at any later stage, if required. Lastly the Feedback is an important part of the IPO

model. Feedback determines the next action to be taken with the output. Based on the

feedback, the processing instructions of the next stage is determined accordingly.

The researchers employed IPOS Model, the Figure 1 shows the basic concept and

steps involved in the system. On the input phase the tourist user will enter their username and

password and then would have the prerogative to select from the available services

specifically establishments. The next phase is the process of the data on which the user

tourist executes the available services. The third phase would be the output, this phase shows

the results of the action performed by the user tourist and will view the following:

Restaurant, Hotel, Tourist Spot, School, Salon and Hospital. The last phase would be the

storage, this phase conveys wherein the information or activity performed by the user is

saved.
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Statement of the Problem

The study sought to address the following:

1. It is a hassle for tourist to search for several travel blogs and website
regarding the city which something contains out-dated or unreliable
information;
2. Tourism office and establishment do not have an official avenue where

they can get immediate feedback from their customer regarding their

services or products;

3. The current static website doesn’t have a feature that allows local

businesses and customer to communicate; and

4. It is hard and time consuming for users especially tourists to visualize or

navigate a specific desired location.

Objectives of the Study

General Objectives

This study concentrated on tourism promotion and tourists’ destination planning. This

is because Gingoog City has natural tourist attractions. This research will also consider how

improvement to tourism development in Gingoog could be improved if problems within the

existing website can be identified. This in turn would lead to Gingoog being a quality

destination that ultimately would benefit the local community to be self-sufficient and

therefore raise its standards to current inherent economic philosophy.

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Specific Objectives

1. To create a one-stop website and android mobile application especially for tourists

where they can obtain reliable and updated information;

2. To create a system where customers can rate and post comments. On the other

hand, the tourism office and establishments can easily read customers rating and

comments;

3. To design an interactive system that will provide an avenue for local businesses

and customers to communicate; and

4. To develop a site with mapping feature that help users attain the location of their

desired establishment or tourist spot within Gingoog City.

Significance of the Study

The finding of this study will be beneficial to the following:

The Gingoognons. The importance of this is that the locals that have concerns but

are unfortunately away or cannot interact due to conflicting schedules during the allotted

time for transactions can still communicate. Typing will be faster and feel more natural for

them to express their thoughts rather than on paper. And giving them assurance that their

transactions will not be disclosed to the person they are having business with.

The Tourist. This online tourism portal is more practical and convenient than doing

the searching for details manually in terms of going to an office and spending costs for

manpower for tour purposes.

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Gingoog City Tourism Department. This would be convenient for the public

officials to determine on which part they needed to improve on their developmental practice.

The Administrator. Will have the authority to update, delete, and add data to the

website. Can easily view the generated reports.

The Researchers. The system provides an unparalleled facility for them to organize,

track and showcase their achievements online with minimal manual intervention.

The Future Researchers. This study would serve as a handy reference for the other

researchers who would embark on a similar study. In the future especially on certain aspects

not derived into by the present.

The Local Business. The system can help them go through problems such as

marketing strategy that became their hindrance in attaining good profit in their products.

Scope and Delimitations of the Study

Any tourist can make use of it for search purposes, and then the tourism department

can use it for managing their location, hotel, product details, also this web portal can easily

be accessed under various situations. We can also add new features as and when we require.

As of the limitations, one of these is the user can only interact by just viewing some

information about the products, hence, the system has no feature which the user can order or

buy. Also the system only revolves mainly in tourism and local products, it does not tackle

any other concerns regarding outside news and social issues.

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Output of the Study

The study output includes a complete program structure, Database specification,

design system, user manual and complete documentation of the research behavior. It also

emphasizes its use to promote and enhance tourism performance of the city.

Definition of Terms

Customer. A person who purchases goods or services from another.

Data. Facts and statistics collected together for reference or analysis.

Feedback. The modification or control of a process or system by its results or effects.

Mobile Application. (also known as mobile apps) are software programs developed

for mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.

Information. Facts provided or learned about something or someone.

Online Portal. Refers to the webpage (or website) that provides users an entryway to

a variety of information, tools, links, and more. ... Typically, online portals are designed to

offer users an assortment of the most used types of information and services.

Prototype. A first, typical or preliminary model of something, especially a machine,

from which other forms are developed or copied.

Query. Is a request for data or information from a database table or combination of

tables.

Retrieve. Get or bring (something) back; regain possession of.

Tourism. The commercial organization and operation of vacations and visits to

places of interest.
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Website. A location connected to the Internet that maintains one or more pages on

the World Wide Web. 

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Chapter 2

REVIEW OF LITERATED LITERATURE

For the further understanding of the study, the researchers made use of different

materials related to the online portal. Mostly the material used for research comes from web

articles that could be essential to our study.

Foreign Literature and Studies

The ICT (Information and Communication technology) has taken center stage in

recent decades in the world of tourism. Publicity and reservation strategies are now

developed through ICT. The rise of virtual, tourist communities has messed up ways to

assess tourism products. This complete renewal of ways to interact with the customer

requires tourism businesses to adapt to these new communication patterns. It is with regard to

this issue that this study is based. A survey of 2 393 Quebec tourism enterprises made it was

possible to identify websites and use patterns of these organizations and social media. The

results show that most companies are aware of the importance of ICT for the development of

their activities, but some financial, human, geographical and training aspects slow down the

process (Romain et al., 2017)

According to Kevin Kam Fung Yuen (2013), an efficient approach to evaluate and

rank the suitable e- commerce products is essential for the business value of an e-alliance

portal, where the business partners or consumers efficiently search the best fit e-commerce

products for their transaction in internet. At the most basic level, portals gather a variety of

useful information resources into a single, “one-stop” Web page, helping the user to avoid
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being overwhelmed by “info glut” or feeling lost on the Web. But since no two people have

the same interests, portals allow users to customize their information sources by selecting and

viewing only the information they find personally useful. Some portals also let you

personalize your portal by including private information (such as your stock portfolio or

checking-account balance).

The impact of information and communications technology (ICT) in tourism (e-

tourism) has altered the ways tourism services are accessed and consumed. Ubiquitous and

highly innovative ICTs provide different channels for consumers to use tourism services;

thus, studies on e-tourism are numerous and fragmented (Dandisson et al., 2017)

The collaboration between web of data and open data from a public institution has

resulted in practice, in a tourism application that works as a tourist guide for citizens.

Application also allows the collaboration of tour guides to add new knowledge about the

cultural heritage resources. In brief, collaboration between different profiles generates

knowledge and collaborative learning (Ana et al., 2015)

Recommender systems are effectively used as a personalized information filtering

technology to automatically predict and identify a set of interesting items on behalf of users

according to their personal needs and preferences. Collaborative Filtering (CF) approach is

commonly used in the context of recommender systems; however, obtaining better prediction

accuracy and overcoming the main limitations of the standard CF recommendation

algorithms, such as sparsity and cold-start item problems, remain a significant challenge

(Malak et al., 2015)

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Nowadays, mobile devices have become central in the tourism industry, addressing

not only the inspiration and planning stage, but also the experience on-site (Neuhofer,

Buhalis, & Ladkin, 2014)

Recently a new form of technology has emerged in tourism: wearable devices. This

technology is expected to have an effect on how tourists would look, communicate and

interact with their environment in the future, mediating their experience by facilitating

practical functions such as communication, navigation, information search and health

monitoring (Tussyadiah, 2013)

Given the changing roles wearables might play in the future of tourism, this research

adopts the scenario technique approach to propose plausible and possible future scenarios of

use of wearable devices on-site. As starting point of the Scenario technique approach, focus

groups were conducted to gain an understanding of the core factors influencing the future use

of wearable devices in an on-site tourism context. Software, Hardware, Network &

Infrastructure, Comfort & Embodiment, Functions & Usages, Reliability and Third Party

Access were identified as the most influential factors. Out of a vast number of possible

scenarios generated combining all the future developments of the identified factors, four

scenarios were chosen based on the most plausible and contrasting combinations of the most

influential driving forces (Schüll & Schröter, 2013)

The four scenarios, which are presented through narratives named as Awesome, Meh,

Grumpy and Evil, depict not only why and how wearable devices such as smartglasses and

smartwatches might be used in the near future by tourists on-site, but also outline how the

visitor’s experience might be affected. While one scenario presents a situation where
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embracing technology enhances the tourist’s experience, hence maximising customer values

and enriching user’s skills (Neuhofer et al. 2014; Tussyadiah, 2015)

A good way to start a social media marketing strategy is to “clearly layout your goals

and your success metrics before launching” and to “know your social media audience and

tailor content appropriately” (Raphael, 2013).

A study done by Joshi, Ma, Rand and Raschid (2013) shows that social media has a

positive influence on consumer engagement and sales. The study emphasizes on

differentiating between the various roles of the message content, whether it is emotional or

informational and mentions the difference between new and existent brands. All these factors

influence the level of consumer engagement, and consequently of sales.

It is important to mention, as Raphael (2013) considers, that “Measuring social traffic

should not be confused with engagement—driving a reader to a website is a long way from

having them actually interact in a meaningful way with a brand’s content.”

The analysis revealed significant differences in performance between the types of

websites, and online travel agencies (OTAs) were found to perform better than other types of

tourism websites. The results also revealed that CTWs are not using the Internet to its full

potential, as most tourism websites focus on providing basic information services, especially

the official tourism websites (OTWs) (Kaijun et al., 2016)

Recommender systems use machine learning and data mining techniques to filter

unseen information and predict whether a user would like a particular item. A major

research challenge in this field is to make useful recommendation from available set of

millions of items with sparse ratings. A large number of approaches have been proposed
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aiming to increase accuracy, but they have ignored potential problems, such as sparsity and

cold start problems. From this line of research, in this research work, we have proposed a

novel hybrid recommendation framework that combines content-based filtering with

collaborative filtering that overcome aforementioned problems (Asma et al., 2017)

In this way hotels don’t have to pay commissions to online travel agencies or to other

third parties, they can sell their services directly to clients. Finding new ways to encourage

clients to reserve rooms directly on the hotel website should become a major strategic

objective for hotels’ marketing departments (Matei, 2013)

There are some actions every hotel should take to attract more clients to their website:

to redesign the hotel website from the user perspective; to create Call to Action; to keep the

website updated with the latest news, products and services; the integrated and automated

management of online reservations (Matei, 2013)

Another important aspect of an online booking system is to accept online payments

and also to ensure the security of transactions. The providers of online booking software

often offer Search Engine Optimization (SEO) services. SEO is defined as “the process of

improving the website ranking and visibility in search engines by figuring out what terms or

phrases people are searching, and using those terms on your website so you will routinely

rank among the top results in nearly every search” (Carr and Collins, 2013) Many clients use

search engines to find a hotel and SEO can help hotels to be more easily reached by clients.

Social Networking is a powerful medium to advertise good things about people and

places. Therefore, it is now being used to promote the tourism industry through networking

sites where people mostly communicate and meet new ventures (Dexter et al, 2014)
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Leveraging of social media to market tourism products has proven to be an excellent

strategy. Many countries regard social media as an important tool to promote their tourism

industries (Zeng, 2013)

The complexity of the Internet and social media has created some issues with the

hospitality industry. Since the content of social media is largely consumer-based, it can make

it difficult to filter through all the information that is available for consumers. Searching for

information through the Internet has been greatly influenced by large search engines that

limit search results to only include the most “popular” social media sites (Leung et al., 2013).

Valeecha and Reza (2013) tried to analyse how far social media is helping the

telecom brands in Karachi, Pakistan and how consumers are responding to it by identifying

those factors that are crucial for the success of telecom brands. They did an exploratory

qualitative research using primary data collected from 108 social media users, 5 telecom

companies and 8 social media agencies. They conclude from their survey based on the data

collected from all the three perspectives that the active social media users expect companies

to be there on social media by integrating with it the customer relationship strategies and

always be ready to interact with the customers.

Being one of the “mega trends” that has significantly impacted the tourism system,

the role and use of social media in travelers' decision making and in tourism operations and

management have been widely discussed in tourism and hospitality research. (Daniel et al.,

2013)

Tourism is one of the largest sources of economic activity in the world, travel and

tourism generates economic activity worldwide. The industry also provides millions of jobs
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direct and indirect. Tourism is not only one of the world’s largest, but also one of its fastest

growing industries. The importance of tourism and the entry of many new tourist destinations

into the market have forced many countries all over the world promoting tourist places in

their respective countries. The promotion of tourism also requires the usage of marketing

mix. (Pardhasaradhi, 2013)

The study made by Bhagwat and Goutam (2013) is in line with the study done by Jati

and Mohanty (2012) where they assert the need for social networking sites in a business.

They highlight that social technology is connecting people in ways to share information and

other things to each other. From their study they found Facebook to be the leading Social

media networking site. They have also provided with statistical data which shows that social

media sites are growing and providing facilities to both business organizations and the

people. Their reputation in short time is in lieu of their requirement in society for

communication and also for business as well.

Likewise, Kumar and Singh (2013) makes the case that how social media as a

marketing communication tool helps in building brand equity and customer relationship. In

their study they have examined the strategy “Live the moment” used in social media

campaign by Maruti Suzuki for its Ritz car to creating awareness and preference for its car.

They found that using social media strategy used became a most successful campaign by the

company and was capable of building a strong brand and strengthen its customer relationship

through social media network. This tool not only stimulated the interest among its online fans

community it also increased the awareness of other stakeholders.

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Ramnarain and Govender (2013) in their exploratory research work among 150

youths aged 18- 24 studying at the University of KwaZulu-Natal of Durban, South Africa

using a structured questionnaire found that there exists a relationship among the gender,

social media browsing and purchasing behaviour of the respondents. They also found that

social media browsing has influenced the youths purchasing behaviour through three factors,

viz., important channel for communication, enhanced product and brand choice and spending

power. The implication of their research findings was that through a complete investigation

into the social media, the marketers need to re-evaluate their marketing and communication

strategies in order to influence the purchasing behaviour of youths of South Africa.

Tourism and hospitality is an important parameter of socio-cultural identity and

heritage of a country. In the era of globalization tourism and hospitality enhances the

economic growth by job creation, source of foreign exchange and development of regions

with potential for tourism. (Rajesh & Bimal, 2016)

Nunkoo and Ramkissoon (2013) suggest that travelers' perceived usefulness, trust,

and risks are determinants of their attitudes toward e-purchasing, which, in turn, significantly

influences e-purchase intent.

The ICT infrastructure is one of the fourteen components of the Travel & Tourism

Competitiveness Index (TTCI), which is employed to measure the factors and policies that

make the development of the travel and tourism sector attractive in different countries. The

Index was developed in close collaboration with companies such as Booz & Company and

Deloitte and with associations such as the International Air Transport Association (IATA),
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the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the World Tourism Organization

(UNWTO), and the World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC) (Blanke and Chiesa, 2013).

Recommendations put forward by bloggers may influence several components of the

purchasing process, such as, for instance, needs recognition, product information seeking, or

recommendation seeking, which will in turn exert influence over the final decision on

purchase (Hsu et al., 2013).

Internet users search for and share information, among others, on the quality of

tourism services with one another (Mauri and Minazzi, 2013). 

  In turn, sellers have obtained new abilities to monitor internet users' behavior.

Consequently, sellers are able to use dynamic prices (i.e. prices that vary according to which

client is interested in a product or service depending on previous purchases, place of

residence, or interest in a product or service), which are measured by monitoring the time

that a user devotes to a page describing a product or service.  Malbon (2013) notes that

marketers and their employers are faced with the temptation to generate false consumer

opinions. Simultaneously, internet users are continuously learning that commentaries are not

always authored by consumers but may be an outcome of deliberate manipulation perpetrated

by companies (Bambauer-Sachse & Mangold, 2013)

While the economics of information approach highlights the time costs of information

search, the cognitive costs approach focusses on the costs stemming from search-related

cognitive processes. As far as this approach is concerned, consumers try to optimize their

decisions regarding price and quality of products, as well as regarding reliability and

credibility of online merchants. At the same time, they seek to minimize the cognitive costs
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associated with evaluating alternatives and making decisions. The following are examples of

research focussing on perceived risk of buying tourism services online (Nunkoo and

Ramkissoon, 2013)

The contextual influence approach analyzes the influence on navigational aids and

atmosphere of purchase on a particular website and their influence on purchase behavior, e.g.

recommendations on products, product comparison mechanisms, advertisements on websites.

The following are examples of research of this type regarding e-tourism (Baloglu and

Pekcan, 2006; Palmer and Boissy, 2009; Sparks et al., 2013)

The authors of the present paper adopt the third approach proposed by Pachauri

(2002) in their analyses. They concentrate their efforts on explaining the socio-economic

variables determining online purchases of tourism services. If tour operators obtain

knowledge of those socio-economic variables, it will allow them to successfully reach a

potential client with a marketing message. Facebook.com offers strong possibilities for

carrying out marketing events even if little funds are drawn on campaigns. It allows to reach

a specified group of potential consumers taking into account various socio-economic

variables. Recently, the notion of f-commerce has even emerged (Lee et al., 2014)

Recommender systems are those that provide tourists with suggestion on attraction

and destination and also offer tour plans to include transportation, restaurants and

accommodation (Liu et al., 2015). It allows user to plan their route using maps, historic

information of the site and the like. It also helps tourists to get an idea about the places of

interests that he/she can visit, if he/she lacks knowledge on the destinations activities and the
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like after reaching a destination. Table 1 shows various recommender systems developed till

date.

According to Rajaratnam, very few studies have focussed on the link between service

quality and tourist satisfaction in e-tourism. In case of tourism, several other qualities such as

sense of safety, aesthetics, well-being, engagement and participation should be included in

order to get maximum satisfaction. When it comes to e-tourism, several other characteristics

and structure design and the like have to be taken care of. Apart from this several other

criteria may include transparency, collaboration, better basics, speed, predictability, user-

generated content, provision of hotel, restaurants, rentals and other attractions. Hence, for

accessing the quality of e-tourism, the above attributes could be five such as: accessibility,

security, information, trust, interaction and personalization. (Werthner, 2015).

 By using these websites, potential tourists can check their destination, this issue

made these websites important as advertising channels. Although the official websites are not

the only ones of presenting information to the potential tourists, they formally show

important information and has a great effect on visitors (Bastida and Huan 2014).

Therefore, if, an official destination website is more appealing and useful, it is a high

probability of turning would-be tourists into real ones. A study conducted on 1,327

consumers discovered that overall convenience, range and availability of goods and minor

prices are considered as the motives for the people to do online shopping (Joshi and

Upadhyay 2014).
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Online business has several advantageous compared to traditional business namely, easy

shopping, saving the time, updated data, and easy comparison etc. The advantageous of

online business affect traditional trades (Krishna, Pavan and Gopal 2015)

The knowledge and information received online will improve the tourist experience

and provide a thorough understanding of behavioural patterns and tourism industry structure.

Moreover, travellers share their experiences using online communication platforms and these

have more credibility than traditional marketing messages (Sabou, Nistoreanu and Vlad,

2014)

All operations and choices made by visitors through Web-GIS applications or

websites represent valuable information for local administrators. Statistical analysis of such

data may reveal the preferences of visitors, and these may be used together with the results of

satisfaction surveys for planning future investments (Ruoss and Alfare, 2013).

According to the UNWTO (2015), tourism is Ba social, cultural and economic

phenomenon which entails the movement of people to countries or places outside their usual

environment for personal or business/professional purposes E-tourism is essentially the

digitalization of the whole touristic industry and infrastructure. Some of the advantages of e-

tourism are the reduction of seasonality, the more successful communication with the

customers and the raise in reservations and sales in general. The use of the Internet has

forever changed the structure and the principles of the touristic industry. The consumers-

tourists are now capable of easily choosing their destination, of comparing prices and

managing their financial exchanges. Information and Communication Technologies and

Internet, if wisely used, can prove to be highly innovative strategic tools in the hands of the
Liceo de Cagayan University College of Information Technology Page 25

tourism entrepreneurs that would help them upgrade the position of their facilities. (Electra,

2013)

The tourism has become one of the largest industries in the world and its development

shows a continuous grow every year. The World Tourism Organization estimates that until

2020 the arrivals of world tourists will increase by up to 200%. This way, the tourism has

become an economic branch extremely competitive. Its competitiveness is no more natural, it

is leaded more and more by science, information technology and innovation.

(Beatrice et al., 2013)

Online channels usually offer great opportunities for customers to get relevant

information regarding the e-tourism and technology. Tourism websites are considered as the

fundamental principles in attracting more tourists. However, purchase intention through

websites is not only dependent on the website characteristics, but it also depends on

consumer-related factors like experience that might affect the purchasing intention.

(Moradi et al., 2017)

In recent years, the use of social media is one of the dominant trends affecting

consumer behavior in tourism. As a consequence, social media use in travel is a relatively

new and trending topic for both academics and practitioners. Despite the current widespread

adoption of social media by both consumers and suppliers, successfully manipulating and

managing social media still remains largely unfamiliar to practitioners and scholars (Leung et

al., 2013)
Liceo de Cagayan University College of Information Technology Page 26

Local Literature and Studies

Social Networking is a powerful medium to advertise good things about people and

places. Therefore, it is now being used to promote the tourism industry through networking

sites where people mostly communicate and meet new ventures. Social media applications

served as an avenue to disseminate the information faster especially for the tourism

establishments with lesser cost. The main problem encountered in using social media is that,

customers’ opinions, thoughts and expressions are not well presented that leads to bad

impressions and unfair criticism. Action plan was proposed to address the problem

encountered in using Social Media (Sher & Sevilla, 2014)

The e-tourism website features popular destinations from each province, as well as

links to DOT-accredited service providers, tourism products, and establishments. Articles

and blog posts about visitors’ travel experience accompany these featured destinations, to

attract prospective tourists and help them decide on their preferred vacation spots. According

to DOST-MIMAROPA Regional Director Dr. Ma. Josefina P. Abilay, the Information and

Communications Technology (ICT) intervention aims to strengthen the region’s tourism

industry and its comparative advantage in eco-tourism. By harnessing ICT, MIMAROPA’s

tourism products and services will be visible to millions of internet users around the world.

The online information platform will enable the efficient and affordable promotion of the

region’s tourist attractions (Patricia, 2017)

Liceo de Cagayan University College of Information Technology Page 27

Conclusion

Social media plays an important role in the tourism industry, especially in

information search and decision-making behaviors and tourism promotion focusing on best

practices for interacting with consumers using social media channels like electronic tourism.

Electronic tourism supports the tourist by providing specialized sites and software which

reduce the time necessary for the touristic destinations, making easier the process of booking

or planning a trip and making a decision and also helps promote destinations, products and

services of different places. The most preferred attributes of functionality for e-tourism are

physical access to the website, less response time, and easy access to specific detail within

the website. The e-tourism sites must also have current reliable information, useful sufficient

information about tourism products or services and travel facilities including detailed and

comprehensive coverage of the travel tourism information, these qualities help e-tourism

sites to be more efficient and useful for tourist.

Liceo de Cagayan University College of Information Technology Page 28

Chapter 3

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This chapter focuses on the methods and processes the researchers used as well as the

different details regarding the research output.

Research Design

In developing the proposed system, the researchers used Waterfall model, which is a

popular version of the systems development life cycle model. Often considered the classic

approach to the systems development life cycle, the waterfall model describes a development

method that is linear and sequential. Waterfall development has distinct goals for each phase

of development. Imagine a waterfall on the cliff of a steep mountain. Once the water has

flowed over the edge of the cliff and has begun its journey down the side of the mountain, it

cannot turn back. It is the same with waterfall development. Once a phase of development is

completed, the development proceeds to the next phase and there is no turning back.

Figure 2. Waterfall Method

Liceo de Cagayan University College of Information Technology Page 29

 Initial Investigation. The researchers gathered information through an interview with

the Office In Charge about its current system.

 Requirements Definition. The researchers describe requirements that should be

fulfilled within the requested website. It is cohesive, consistent, traceable and

complete. The researchers then create a prototype the way the input data will be

acquired and processed to produce the desired output data and the form in which the

output data should be presented.

 System Design. The researchers then determine the next step in the cycle involves

creation of a project scope document with mockups, or hand-drawn sketches, and a

detailed software development specification. It is presented as one Vision and Scope

document. The project scope documents created by the researchers include project

description with main functions defined with regard to the problem vision document,

and, of course, timeline and budgets. It also involves creation of mockups, or hand-

drawn sketches, based upon the vision document and gathered requirements.

 Coding, testing. Once the system is developed, it undergo a meticulous quality

assurance and software testing to make sure that it solves the needs set forth during

the requirements study phase. The client is involved in the acceptance testing and try

using it exactly the way it will be used when implemented. Once the major code

problems are fixed, the system can be deployed. For minor fixes, a simple bug

tracking system can be used, so that the problems could be tackled during the

maintenance life-cycle phase.

Liceo de Cagayan University College of Information Technology Page 30

 Implementation. The researchers had undergone realization of an application, or

execution of a plan, idea, model, design, specification, standard, algorithm, or policy.

 Operation & Support. As soon as the system is tested and deployed at the client’s

server, it enters the maintenance phase of the software development life cycle.

Generally, it includes some minor bug fixes that are usually made during this phase.

However, the researchers have to make some changes in the produced system,

disregarding the efforts on the earlier phases. The client may come up with

functionality enhancements to the developed system and they will have to collect,

describe and discuss the new requirements with the client to have these modifications

made. In this case, they come up with a new waterfall project and have to repeat all

the above described steps.

Research Setting

The study focuses on making an online portal that may hopefully upgrade the existing

website. The research mainly takes place at the City Tourism Office, Barangay 23,Gingoog

City.

Data Gathering

The researchers had undergone series of interviews on the tourism office. The

researches have studied the current system and understand its flow. Interview with experts,

locals and business owners. The researchers also referred the related studies and literature

published.
Liceo de Cagayan University College of Information Technology Page 31

Research Instrument

The proposed system’s requirement was studied using the UML (Unified Modeling

Language). The model of the data and data relationship was presented using Entity

Relationship Diagram. The system was developed into a Web-Based Online Portal where

HTML is used for the front-end and Javascipt/php for the back-end. Also, CSS for graphic

design.
Liceo de Cagayan University College of Information Technology Page 32

System Design

Figure 3. The Current System Flow

Narrative Description of the Current System Flow

Shown in Figure 3 is the Current System Flow. The users can go directly to the

tourism website with no required registration, and the system will give its daily news and

updates which includes some categories you can choose from which includes tourist places,

history and background of the city. The administrator on the other hand can only post news

and updates needed by the system, there is no such thing as viewing of users information

because there is no registration process in the part of the users.

Liceo de Cagayan University College of Information Technology Page 33

The Proposed System

Figure 4. Context Diagram of the Proposed System

Narrative Description of the Proposed System

Shown in Figure 4 is the Context Diagram of the Proposed System. The Admin can

also add and update status of the system user. He can also add and change the status

information whether it is still obsolete or updated. Lastly, the admin can generate reports

such as detailed information of such information for a particular period. The Tourism

Officers on the other hand can provide and update the information of a new or renewed

information details. Reports viewed by the tourism officers are limited only to those updated

informations. Tourist can view city details as well as interact to the system which generates

city details upon the command of the Tourist user.

Liceo de Cagayan University College of Information Technology Page 34

Entity Relationship Diagram

Figure 5. Entity Relationship Diagram of GETS: An Online Tourist Portal for Gingoog City with
Mobile Android Application
Liceo de Cagayan University College of Information Technology Page 35

User_Email Establishment_
Establishment_ID
Website

Establishment_Name Establishment_Phone

Establishment_ Establishment_Fax
Address
Establishment
Establishment_Pic_ Establishment_
ID Description

Establishment_ Location_ID
Category_ID

Establishment_ Establishment_Status
Coordinates
Has

ProdSer_ID Establishment_ID

ProdSer_Name Establishment_Product_
ProdSer _Qty
Service

ProdSer_Des
ProdSer _Img

ProdSer_Price ProdSer _Category

Figure 6. Establishment to
Establishment_Product_Service
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User_Email Establishment_
Establishment_ID
Website

Establishment_Name Establishment_Phone

Establishment_ Establishment_Fax
Address
Establishment
Establishment_Pic_ Establishment_
ID Description

Establishment_ Location_ID
Category_ID

Establishment_ Establishment_Status
Coordinates
Has

Establishment_Pic_
Establishment_Pic
ID
_Uploaded

Establishment_ID Establishment_Picture Establishment_Pic

_Description

Establishment_Pic_
URL Establishment_Status

Figure 7. Establishment to
Establishment_Picture
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User_Email Establishment_
Establishment_ID
Website

Establishment_Name Establishment_Phone

Establishment_ Establishment_Fax
Address
Establishment
Establishment_Pic_ Establishment_
ID Description

Establishment_ Location_ID
Category_ID

Establishments_ Establishment_Status
Coordinates
Has

Establishment_ Establishment_Gallery Picture_URL

Gallery_ID

Establishment_ID

Figure 8. Establishment to
Establishment_Gallery
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User_Email Establishment_
Establishment_ID
Website

Establishment_Name Establishment_Phone

Establishment_ Establishment_Fax
Address
Establishment
Establishment_Pic_ Establishment_
ID Description

Establishment_ Location_ID
Category_ID

Establishment_ Establishment_Status
Coordinates
Has

Establishment_ Establishment_Category Establishment_

Category_ID Category_Name

Figure 9. Establishment to
Establishment_Category
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User_Email Establishment_
Establishment_ID
Website

Establishment_Name Establishment_Phone

Establishment_ Establishment_Fax
Address
Establishment
Establishment_Pic_ Establishment_
ID Description

Establishment_ Location_ID
Category_ID

Establishment_ Establishment_Status
Coordinates
Has

Location_ID Location Location_LatLong

Location_Name

Figure 10. Establishment to Location

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User_Email Establishment_
Establishment_ID
Website

Establishment_Name Establishment_Phone

Establishment_ Establishment_Fax
Address
Establishment
Establishment_Pic_ Establishment_
ID Description

Establishment_ Location_ID
Category_ID

Establishment_ Establishment_Status
Coordinates
Has

PostNews_ID Date_Posted

PostNews_Subject PostNews Status

PostNews_Body Featured_Image

User_Email Establishment_ID

Figure 11. Establishment to PostNews

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User_Email User_Password

User_Name User User_Type_ID

User_Address User_Status

Manages

Establishment_
Establishment_ID
Website

Establishment_Name Establishment_Phone

Establishment_ Establishment_Fax
Address
Establishment
Establishment_Pic_ Establishment_
ID Description

Establishment_ Location_ID
Category_ID

Establishment_ Establishment_Status
User_Email
Coordinates

Figure 12. User to Establishment

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User_Email User_Password

User_Name User User_Type_ID

User_Address User_Status

Manages

PostNews_ID Date_Posted

PostNews_Subject PostNews Status

PostNews_Body Featured_Image

User_Email Establishment_ID

Figure 13. User to PostNews

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User_Email Establishment_
Establishment_ID
Website

Establishment_Name Establishment_Phone

Establishment_ Establishment_Fax
Address
Establishment
Establishment_Pic_ Establishment_
ID Description

Establishment_ Location_ID
Category_ID

Establishments_ Establishment_Status
Coordinates

Has

Rate_ID Rating User_Email

Establishment_ID Rating
Comments

Figure 14. Establishment to Rating

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User_Email User_Password

User_Name User User_Type_ID

User_Address User_Status

Manages

Rate_ID Rating User_Email

Establishment_ID Rating
Comments

Figure 15. User to Rating

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User_Email User_Password

User_Name User User_Type_ID

User_Address User_Status

Has

User_Pic_ID User_Picture User_Email

User_Pic_URL User_Pic_Loaded

Figure 16. User to User_Picture

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User_Email User_Password

User_Name User User_Type_ID

User_Address User_Status

Has

Activity_Log_ID Activity_Log User_Email

Activity_Description Activity_DateTime

Figure 17. User to Activity_Log

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User_Type_ID User_Type User_Type_Name

Has

User_Email User_Password
User

User_Name User_Type_ID

User_Address User_Status

Figure 18. User_Type to User

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User_Email User_Password

User_Name User User_Type_ID

User_Address User_Status

Has

Msg_Rep_ID Message_Rep Msg_Rep_Body

Msg_ID Msg_Rep_Date

User_Email

Figure 19. User to Message_Rep

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User_Email User_Password

User_Name User User_Type_ID

User_Address User_Status

Has

Msg_ID Messaging User_Email

Msg_Subject Msg_Date

Msg_Body

Figure 20. User to Messaging

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Msg_Body

Msg_ID Messaging User_Email

Msg_Subject Msg_Date

Has

Msg_Rep_ID Message_Rep Msg_Rep_Body

Msg_ID Msg_Rep_Date

User_Email

Figure 21. Messaging to Message_Rep

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User_Email User_Password

User_Name User User_Type_ID

User_Address User_Status

Has

MsgRec_ID Message_Recipient User_Email

Msg_ID

Figure 22. User to Message_Recipient

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Msg_Body

Msg_ID Messaging User_Email

Msg_Subject Msg_Date

Has

MsgRec_ID Message_Recipient User_Email

Msg_ID

Figure 23. Messaging to Message_Recipient

Liceo de Cagayan University College of Information Technology Page 53

Data Structure

The system uses one database name Onlineportal_DB, which contains many tables that store

information and inquiry records.

Data Dictionary

Message_Rep
(This table stores the information of the message rep)

FIELD NAME TYPE SIZE VALUE DESCRIPTION

Msg_Rep_ID Integer 10 Not Null (PK) Message Reply ID

Number
Msg_ID Integer 10 Not Null (FK) Message ID Number
User_Email Varchar 254 Not Null (FK) User Email Address
Msg_Rep_Body Varchar 1000 Not Null Message Body
Msg_Rep_Date Date/Time Not Null Date and Time of the Reply

Messaging
(This table stores the information of the messaging)

FIELD NAME TYPE SIZE VALUE DESCRIPTION

Msg_ID Integer 10 Not Null (PK) Message ID Number
Msg_Subject Integer 10 Not Null Message Subject
User_Email Varchar 254 Not Null (FK) User Email Address
Msg_ Body Varchar 1000 Not Null Message Body
Msg_ Date Date/Time Not Null Date and Time of the Message
Message_Recipient
(This table stores the information of the message recipient)

FIELD NAME TYPE SIZE VALUE DESCRIPTION

MsgRec_ID Integer 10 Not Null (PK) Message Recipient ID

Number
Msg_ID Integer 10 Not Null (FK) Message ID Number
User_Email Varchar 254 Not Null (FK) User Email Address

PostNews
(This table stores the information of the post news)
Liceo de Cagayan University College of Information Technology Page 54

FIELD NAME TYPE SIZE VALUE DESCRIPTION

PostNews_ID Integer 10 Not Null (PK) News ID Number
PostNews_Subject Varchar 250 Not Null The Title of the News

PostNews_Body Varchar 1000 Not Null The Body of the News

User_Email Varchar 254 Not Null (FK) User Email Address
Date_Posted Date/Time Not Null The Time and Date of the News
Status Integer 1 Not Null 0 – Active 1 - Inactive
Featured_Image Blob Not Null Featured Image of the News
Establishment_ID Integer 10 Not Null (FK) Establishment ID Number

User_Picture
(This table stores the user picture)

FIELD NAME TYPE SIZE VALUE DESCRIPTION

User_Pic_ID Integer 10 Not Null (PK) User Picture ID Number
User_Pic_URL Varchar 100 Not Null Picture Resource or File Data

User_Email Varchar 254 Not Null (FK) User Email Address

User_Pic_Loaded Blob Not Null User Profile Picture

User
(This table stores the information of the system users)

FIELD NAME TYPE SIZE VALUE DESCRIPTION

User_Email Varchar 254 Not Null (PK) User Email Address
User_Type_ID Integer 10 Not Null (FK) Type of User
User_Name Varchar 50 Not Null User Full Name
User_Password Varchar 50 Not Null User Password
User_Address Varchar 50 Not Null User Address
User_Status Integer 1 Not Null 1-Activated 2-Deactivated
Liceo de Cagayan University College of Information Technology Page 55

Establishment
(This table stores the details of the establishment)

FIELD NAME TYPE SIZE VALUE DESCRIPTION

Establishment_ID Integer 10 Not Null (PK) Establishment ID

Number
Establishment_Name Varchar 50 Not Null Establishment Name
Establishment_Address Varchar 100 Not Null Establishment Address
Establishment_Pic_ID Integer 10 Not Null (FK) Establishment Picture

ID
Establishment_Category_I Varchar 100 Not Null (FK) Establishment

D Category ID
User_Email Varchar 254 Not Null (FK) User Email Address

Establishment_Coordinates Varchar 50 Not Null Map Purposes

Establishment_Website Varchar 50 Null Establishment Website
Establishment_Phone Integer 11 Not Null Establishment Phone

Number
Establishment_Fax Integer 11 Null Establishment Telephone

Number
Establishment_Description Varchar 150 Not Null Establishment Description
Location_ID Integer 10 Not Null (FK) Location ID Number
Establishment_Status Varchar 10 Not Null Status Of The Establishment

Establishment_Picture
(This table stores the details of the establishment picture)

FIELD NAME TYPE SIZE VALUE DESCRIPTION

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Establishment_Pic_ID Integer 10 Not Null (PK)Establishment

Picture ID
Establishment_ID Integer 10 Not Null (FK) Establishment ID

Number
Establishment_Pic_URL Varchar 100 Not Null Photo Resource or Data

File
Establishment_Pic_Uploaded Blob Not Null Establishment Profile

Picture
Establishment_Pic_Description Varchar 1000 Not Null Establishment Picture

Description
Establishment_Status Integer 1 Not Null Establishment Status

Location
(This table stores the locations of the city)

FIELD NAME TYPE SIZE VALUE DESCRIPTION

Location_ID Integer 10 Not Null (PK) Location ID Number

Location_Name Varchar 100 Not Null Location Name

Location_LatLong Varchar 150 Not Null Distance Of The Location

Establishment_Product_Services
(This table stores the details of the establishment product and services)

FIELD NAME TYPE SIZE VALUE DESCRIPTION

ProdSer_ID Integer 10 Not Null (PK) Product ID Number

ProdSer _Name Varchar 50 Not Null Product Name

ProdSer _Des Varchar 1000 Not Null Product Description

ProdSer _Price Decimal 6, 2 Not Null Product Price

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Establishment_ID Integer 10 Not Null (FK) Establishment ID Number

ProdSer _Qty Varchar 5 Not Null Product Quantity

ProdSer _Img Blob Not Null Product Image

ProdSer _Category Integer 1 Not Null 0 – Service 1 - Product

User_Type
(This table stores the details of the user type)

FIELD NAME TYPE SIZE VALUE DESCRIPTION

User_Type_ID Integer 10 Not Null (PK) User Type ID Number

User_Type_Name Varchar 100 Not Null User Type Name

Establishment_Gallery
(This table stores the details of the establishment gallery)

FIELD NAME TYPE SIZE VALUE DESCRIPTION

Establishment_Gall Integer 10 Not Null (PK) Establishment Gallery ID

ery_ID

Establishment_ID Integer 10 Not Null (FK) Establishment ID Number

Picture_URL Varchar 100 Not Null Photo Resource or File Data

Establishment_Category
(This table stores the details of the establishment category)

FIELD NAME TYPE SIZE VALUE DESCRIPTION

Establishment_ Integer 10 Not Null (PK) Establishment Category ID

Category_ID
Liceo de Cagayan University College of Information Technology Page 58

Establishment_ Varchar 100 Not Null Establishment Category Name

Category_Name

Activity_Log
(This table stores the activity log)

FIELD NAME TYPE SIZE VALUE DESCRIPTION

Activity_Log_ID Integer 10 Not Null (PK) Activity Log ID Number

Activity_Description Varchar 100 Not Null Description Of The Activity

Activity_DateTime Date/Time Not Null Date and Time of the Activity

User_Email Varchar 254 Not Null (FK) User Email Address

Rating
(This table stores the description of the rating)

FIELD NAME TYPE SIZE VALUE DESCRIPTION

Rate_ID Integer 10 Not Null (PK) Rating ID Number

Establishment_ID Integer 100 Not Null (FK) Establishment ID Number

User_Email Varchar 254 Not Null (FK) User Email Address

Rating Integer 1 Null Rating Of The Establishment

Comments Varchar 1000 Null The Comments Of The User

Liceo de Cagayan University College of Information Technology Page 59

Use Case Diagram

Figure 24. Use Case Diagram for Administrator

Liceo de Cagayan University College of Information Technology Page 60

Figure 25. Use Case Diagram for Tourist

Use Case Description

Table 1
Use Case for Log-in
Use Case Name Login
Actor Admin/Tourist
Description This use case is used by the actors to access the system
Normal Flow 1.) The user invokes the use case by clicking the “login”
button.
2.) The user enters login name and password.
3.) The system verifies and validates the login name and
password.
4.) Use case instance terminates.
Alternate Flow If login name and password is invalid, user has to re-enter a valid
username or password.
Precondition User must be registered.
Post-condition User can access the system or just view homepage on the
website.
Assumption User is on the website.

Table 2
Use Case for Managing Tourism Officer
Use Case Name Manage Tourism Officer
Actor Admin
Description This use case by the actors to add or assign tourism officer
Normal Flow 1.) The user invokes the use case by clicking “add” button.
2.) The user then creates new profile for the added employee.
3.) The system verifies and validates the created profile of
the employee.
4.) The user will then click the “Create” button to create the
profile added.
5.) Use case instance terminates.
Alternate Flow
Precondition
Post-condition User can access the system or just exit the website.
Assumption User is on the website.
Liceo de Cagayan University College of Information Technology Page 61

Table 3
Use Case for Generating Reports
Use Case Name Generate Reports
Actor Admin
Description This use case is used by the actors to generate updated reports.
Normal Flow 1.) The user invokes the use case by clicking the “Generate”
button.
2.) The user then can update reports and can view the
previous reports.
3.) The system verifies the specific information updated and
shown its previous setting.
4.) The user then clicks the “Submit button to submit the
updated informations.
5.) Use case instance terminates.
Alternate Flow
Precondition If the user wants to see the previous reports they should be
specific on what information to view its report using dropdown
menu of listed category and services.
Post-condition User can access the system or just view homepage on the
website.
Assumption User is on the website.

Table 4
Use Case for Rating Services
Use Case Name Login
Actor Tourist
Description This use case is used by the actors to rate the services
Normal Flow 1.) The user invokes the use case by clicking the “Rate”
button.
2.) The user views rating categories.
3.) The user then proceeds to rate available services.
4.) The system verifies and validates the rating process.
5.) Use case instance terminates.
Alternate Flow
Precondition User must be registered in order to access the rating featue.
Post-condition User can access the system or just view homepage on the
website.
Assumption User is on the website.
Liceo de Cagayan University College of Information Technology Page 62

Sequence Description

Figure 26. Sequence Diagram for Admin –Login

Figure 27. Sequence Diagram for Admin –Logout

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Figure 28. Sequence Diagram for Admin –Update Staff

Figure 29. Sequence Diagram for Tourist-Login

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Figure 30. Sequence Diagram for Tourist-Logout

Figure 31. Sequence Diagram for Tourist-View Services

Liceo de Cagayan University College of Information Technology Page 65

Activity Diagram

Admin Logout

No

Valid

Click Logout Button

Return to website
Home Page

Terminate

Figure 32. Activity Diagram for Admin - Logout

Liceo de Cagayan University College of Information Technology Page 66

View User

No

Valid

Clicks View User

Button

Display Users

Figure 33. Activity Diagram for Admin – View User

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Enter Username Enter Password

No No

Yes Yes

Valid Valid

Figure 34. Activity Diagram for Tourist - Login

Liceo de Cagayan University College of Information Technology Page 68

View Portal

No

Valid

Clicks Businesses
Button

Clicks Desired
Business

Display Information and

Photos of the Business

Figure 35. Activity Diagram for Tourist – View Portal

Liceo de Cagayan University College of Information Technology Page 69

Rate Services

No

Valid

Click Services Button

Clicks Desired Service

Display Service Photos

and Information

Display Rate Category

Rates Service

Figure 36. Activity Diagram for Tourist - Rate Services

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Tourist Logout

No

Valid

Click Logout Button

Return to website
Home Page

Terminate

Figure 37. Activity Diagram for Tourist - Logout

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Interact

No

Valid

Clicks Businesses
Button

Clicks Messaging Icon

Button

Communicate Through
Message Box

Figure 38. Activity Diagram for Tourist - Interact

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Explore Map

No

Valid

Clicks City Map

Button

Displays City Map

Figure 39. Activity Diagram for Tourist – Explore Map

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Enter Username Enter Password

No No

Yes Yes

Valid Valid

Figure 40. Activity Diagram for Admin - Login

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Manage Tourism
Officer

No

Valid

Clicks Add Officer

Button

Assign Officer

Save Officer
Information

Figure 41. Activity Diagram for Admin – Manage Tourism Officer

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Generate Report

No

Valid

Click Reports Button

Add/Update Reports

Save Reports

Figure 42. Activity Diagram for Admin – Generate Report

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View Reports

No

Valid

Clicks Reports Button

Display Reports

Figure 43. Activity Diagram for Admin – View Reports

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Tourist Logout

No

Valid

Clicks Logout Button

Return to website
Home Page

Terminate

Figure 44. Activity Diagram for Tourist - Logout

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Manage Services

No

Valid

Clicks Add/Update
Service Button

Enter Service Photos

and Information

Save Service Photos

and Information

Figure 45. Activity Diagram for Admin – Manage Services

Liceo de Cagayan University College of Information Technology Page 79

Manage Events

No

Valid

Clicks Add/Update
Event Button

Enter Event Photo and

Information

Save Event Photo and

Information

Figure 46. Activity Diagram for Admin – Manage Events

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View Events

No

Valid

Clicks Events Button

Clicks Desired Event

Display Event Photos

and Information

Figure 47. Activity Diagram for Tourist– View Events