Thanks to visit codestin.com
Credit goes to www.scribd.com

Scribd
Upload
67 views1 page

Solution 1

1. This tutorial document discusses solving differential equations using the Euler equations and variation of parameters methods. It provides examples of finding the general solutions to equations with repeated roots, complex roots, and using variation of parameters. 2. Variation of parameters involves finding the particular solution yp using the formula yp = u1(x)y1(x) + u2(x)y2(x) where u1 and u2 are determined from the homogeneous solution and Wronskian. 3. Examples are worked out finding general solutions to equations and solving initial value problems by determining constants from the initial conditions.

Uploaded by

MOBA UNI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
67 views1 page

Solution 1

1. This tutorial document discusses solving differential equations using the Euler equations and variation of parameters methods. It provides examples of finding the general solutions to equations with repeated roots, complex roots, and using variation of parameters. 2. Variation of parameters involves finding the particular solution yp using the formula yp = u1(x)y1(x) + u2(x)y2(x) where u1 and u2 are determined from the homogeneous solution and Wronskian. 3. Examples are worked out finding general solutions to equations and solving initial value problems by determining constants from the initial conditions.

Uploaded by

MOBA UNI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 1

UECM1713 Tutorial: Euler equations, Variation of parameters (Solution)

1. (a) Solving the auxiliary equation m(m − 1) + 5m + 4 = 0 = (m + 2)2 yields the repeated root
m = −2.
The GS is y = x−2 (c1 + c2 ln x)
£ √ √ ¤
(b) The GS is y = x−1/2 c1 cos( 2 ln x) + c2 sin( 2 ln x)
y2 (x)r(x) y1 (x)r(x)
2. Use yp = u1 (x)y1 (x) + u2 (x)y2 (x) where u01 (x) = − , u02 (x) =
W W
(a) y 00 + y = sec x tan x
u01 = −y2 r/W = − sin x sec x tan x = − tan2 x = 1 − sec2 x, u1 = x − tan x, u02 = y1 r/W =
cos x sec x tan x, u2 = − ln | cos x|
yp = −x cos x + sin x ln | sec x|
The GS is y = yh + yp = c1 sin x + c2 cos x − x cos x + sin x ln | sec x|
(b) y 00 − 2y 0 + 2y = ex sin x
1
y = yh + yp = ex (A sin x + B cos x − x cos x)
2
x2
3. (a) The GS is y = c1 + c2 ln x + 4
.
(b) The GS is y = c1 x + c2 x ln x + x(ln x)2 .
(c) y = yh + yp = c1 x + c2 x2 − x sin x
4. (a) m(m − 1) − 12 = 0 = (m − 4)(m + 3)
The GS x = c1 t4 + c2 t−3 .
x(1) = 3, x0 (1) = 5 ⇒ c1 = 2, c2 = 1
The solution to the IVP is x = 2t4 + t−3
(b) m(m − 1) + m + 1 = 0 ⇒ m = ±i
The GS y = c1 cos ln x + c2 sin ln x.
y(1) = 1, y 0 (1) = 2 ⇒ c1 = 1, c2 = 2
The solution to the IVP is y = cos ln x + 2 sin ln x.
(c) Solve xy 00 + y 0 = 0 (1)
m(m − 1) + m = 0 ⇒ m = 0
The GS of (1) is yh = c1 + c2 ln x
Solve xy 00 + y 0 = x (2)
x2
Use variation of parameters, yp =
4
x2
The GS of (2) is y = yh + yp = c1 + c2 ln x +
4
y(1) = 1, y 0 (1) = −1/2 ⇒ c1 = 3/4, c2 = −1
3 x2
The solution to the IVP is y = − ln x +
4 4

You might also like