II CSE

DISCRETE MATHEMATICS

Question Bank (2019-20)

UNIT –I

MARKS PO CO BT
L
1. A Define tautology. Explain with an example. 2 1 1 1
B Explain DNF and CNF principles with suitable examples 3 2 1 5
C Prove that each of the following is tautology: 5 3 1 1

(i) ( P  (Q  R ))  ( P  (Q  R ))
(ii) (( p  q )  (p  (q  r )))  (p  q )  (p  r )
d Establish the validity of the following argument “All integers are rational 5 1 1 1
numbers. Some integers are powers of 2. Therefore, some rational
numbers are powers of 2”

2 A Disclose the definition of proposition with an example. 2 1 1 1

B Check whether the following statements is tautology or not 3 4 2 5
 p  q  ( q  r )   p
C Show that the following premises are inconsistent. 5 3 1 1
p →q , p → r ,q → ¬r , p
D Write all implications and equivalences of statement calculus 5 3 1 1
3 A Explain PDNF and PCNF with suitable examples 2 3 1 1
B Explain well formed formulas with suitable examples 3 3 2 1
C Show that from 10 3 2 5
(a)(x)( F ( x)  S ( x))  ( y )( M ( y)  W ( y )) (b) (y )( M ( y)  W ( y ))

The conclusion ( x )( F ( x )  S ( x )) follows

4 A What is meant by contradiction? Explain it with an example 2 2 1 1
B Explain inverse, converse and contra positive with example 3 2 1 1
C Verify the validity of the following argument “every living thing is a 10 2 2 2
plant or an animal. Joe’s gold fish is alive and it is not a plant. All
animals have hearts. Therefore Joe’s gold fish has a heart.”
5 A Explain free and bound variables with suitable example each. 2 1 1 1
B Explain Universal Quantifier and Existential Quantifier 3 2 1 2
Construct the truth table for ( p  (q  r ))  (q  r )  ( p  r )
C 10 2 2 2

6 A What is tautological implication? Give an example 2 1 1 2

Obtain the PDNF of (P  Q)
B 3 2 1 5

Show that the premises a  (b  c), d  (b  c), a  d are

c 10 2 2 2
inconsistent.

ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS
7 10 2 2 5
Using indirect method of proof show that
p  q, q  r , ( p  r ), ( p  r ) leads to conclusion r
8 Test the validity of the following argument: 10 2 2 5
 Some intelligent boys are lazy. Ravi is an intelligent boy: Ravi is lazy.

9 Which of the following is not valid: 10 2 2 2

i ) (x( P( x)  Q( x)), (y) P( y )  (z )Q( z )

ii) (xP ( x) and xQ( x))  x( P ( x)  Q( x))
10 Obtain PDNF of the following 10 3 2 4

(i)(¬ P ∨¬ Q) →( P ↔¬Q)
(ii) ( P  (Q  R))  (P  (Q  R))
11 Show that the following premises are inconsistent 10 2 2 4
i)If jack misses many classes through illness, then he fails high school.
ii) If fails high school, then he is uneducated.
iii) If jack reads a lot of books, then he is not uneducated.
iv) Jack misses many classes through illness and reads a lot of books.

UNIT –II

MARKS PO CO BT
L
1. A Define relation and give an example. 2 1 1 1
B ) Let R = { ( 1, 2), (2, 1), (3, 2), (3, 4), (2, 2)} and S = { (4, 2), (2, 3), (2, 3 2 1 5
5), (3, 1), (1, 3)}find ( RoS)oR and Ro(SoR )
C Explain Equivalence classes with suitable examples. 5 3 1 1

d Explain properties of binary relations 5 1 1 1

2 A Define equivalence relation 2 1 1 1
B Let A={{b,c},{b},{c},b} and B={a,b,c} then find 3 4 2 5
A ∩ B , A ∪ B , A−B , B−A , A △ B .
C Let Z be the set of integers and R be the relation 5 3 1 1
R={< x , y> ¿ x ∈ Z ∧ y ∈ Z ∧ ( x− y ) isdivisible by 3 } determine
the equivalence classes generated by elements of Z?
D Let f: R→R and g: R→R, where R is the set of real numbers. Find fog 5 3 1 1
and gof where f(x) = x2 and g(x) = x+4 .State where these functions are
injective, surjective, bijective?
3 A Discuss about finite and infinite sets 2 3 1 1
B Show that A ∪ ( B−c )= ( A ∪ B )−( A ∪C) 3 3 2 1
C Draw the Hasse’s diagrams representing the positive divisors of 36 and 10 3 2 5
120
4 A Define bijective function 2 2 1 1
B If A,B,C are any three sets, then prove that 3 2 1 1
A−( B ∪ C )=( A−B)∩( A−C )
C Given the relation matrix M R of a relation R on the set {a,b,c}, 10 2 2 2
find the relation matrices of ~ ~
R , R2 , R3 , Ro R where
1 0 1

5 A
MR= 1 1 0
[ ]
1 1 1
State difference of two sets. 2 1 1 1
B Define relation and function. Consider the following relations on the set 3 2 1 2
A={1,2,3}; f={(1,3),(2,3),(3,1)}; g={(1,2),(3,1)}; h={(1,3),(2,1),(1,2),
(3,1)} which of these are functions?
 C Let A be a given finite set and P(A)its power set. Let be the 10 2 2 2
inclusion relation on the elements of P(A). Draw the hasse
diagram of ¿ P ( A ) ,⊆> ¿ for (i) A={a} (ii) A={a,b} (iii)
A={a,b,c} (iv) A={a,b,c,d}
6 A Write operations on sets. 2 1 1 2
B 3 2 1 5

If
f=( 12 2 3 4
4 3 1 ) then find f −1 and show that
−1 −1
fof =f of =I
c Define Congruence and discuss basic properties of congruence with 10 2 2 2
proof

ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS
7 10 2 2 5
8 10 2 2 5
How to draw a Hasse Diagram and explain with an example
9 10 2 2 2
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
Let
f= (
2 4 1 3 ) and
g=(4 1 2 3 ) find f0f0g
and g0f0f
10 Let X = { 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 } and R = { ( 1, 1), (1, 4), (4, 1), (4, 10 3 2 4
4), (2, 2), (2, 3), (3, 2), (3,3)}. Show that R is an equivalence
relation. Draw its matrix and graph
11 Let f: R→R and g: R→R, where R is the set of real numbers. 10 2 2 4
Find fog and gof where f(x) = x 2 and g(x) = x+4 .State where
these functions are injective, surjective, bijective?[