Date: 29/04/20 Name: Romulo.
Tuiqalau
Week: 9 Student ID: S11185205
Experiment 11 Latent Heat of Fusion of Water
Aim
To measure the latent heat of fusion L of water by using the method of mixtures. This value of L is
later improved by taking into account the “heating” correction.
Apparatus
1 calorimeter
1 thermometer
1 stop-watch
Water
some blocks of ice
a magnifying lens
Method
As per lab manual pages 57-59
Introduction
It is known that when ice in normal pressure and at 0° is heated there is no change in its
temperature but some of it melts to form water at 0°. Latent heat of fusion of water is the amount
of heat needed to melt 1kg of ice at 0° to 1kg to water 0°
The heat of fusion is different for different materials and also varies with pressure.
Results and Discussion
Mass of the calorimeter = 104.95g ± 0.01g
Mass of water (mw ¿ = 181.42g ± 0.01g
Room temperature (θ R) = 29°C ± 1°C
Initial temperature of water (θ1) = 29°C ± 1°C
Mass of ice (m ) = 35.92g ± 0.01g
Lowest temperature (θ2) = 9°C ± 1°C
Time(mins) Temp (°C) Time Temp (°C) Time(mins) Temp (°C)
0 29 9.5 10 19 16
0.5 15 10 11 19.5 16
1 113 10.5 11 20 16
1.5 11 11 11 20.5 16
2 10 1.5 11 21 17
2.5 10 12 12 21.5 17
3 9 12.5 12 22 17
3.5 9 13 12 22.5 17
4 9 13.5 12 23 18
4.5 9 14 13 23.5 18
5 9 14.5 13 24 18
5.5 9 15 13 24.5 18
6 9 15.5 13 25 18
6.5 9 16 14 25.5 19
7 9 16.5 14 26 19
7.5 10 17 15 26.5 19
8 10 17.5 15 27 20
8.5 10 18 15 27.5 20
9 10 18.5 15 28 20
Temperature (°C) VS Time (mins)
35
30
25
Temperature (°C)
20
15
10
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Time(mins)
Table 1
Calculate the latent heat of fusion L of ice
mL+ mC w ( θ2−0 0 )=( m w C w + m c C c ) ( θ 1−θ2 )
( 35.92 ×10−3 ) L+ ( 35.92 ×10−3) ( 4190 )( 9 )=( 181 ×10−3) ( 4190 ) +(104.95 ×10−3)( 900)(9)
( 181 ×10−3 ) ( 4190 )+ ( 104.95× 10−3 ) ( 900 ) ( 20 )−(35.92× 10−3 )(4190)(9)
L=
35.92 ×10−3
L=440 KJ kg−1
Calculate the heating correcting with errors
111
×11=5.58
219
True minimum temperature
9 - 5.58 = 3.42°C
Calculation for the correct value of the latent heat of fusion of ice
( 181 ×10−3 ) ( 4190 )+ ( 104.95× 10−3 ) ( 900 ) ( 25.58 )−(35.92× 10−3 )(4190)(9)
L=
35.92
L=594 KJ kg−1
Questions
1. Mention the advantages and disadvantages of adding ice in one large piece rather than in
several small pieces.
An advantage would be that large pieces of ice tend to melt slower but the disadvantage is that
if you put a big piece of ice in cup of water it would take a long time to cool the cup of water
compared to a cup filled with small pieces of ice this would cool faster
2. Why should the ice be dry before it is added to the calorimeter?
If the ice is not dried there will be water at zero degrees Celsius. Which add up to the final mass
of the liquid but will not gain the equal amount of heat the ice would gain. The initial
temperature of water in the calorimeter will not drop as much which would result in the
temperature being too high.
3. Why should the point C be chosen nearly at the end of the curve?
Because the smaller the distance between C and D the smaller the heating correcting error
Conclusion
To conclude, after doing this experiment we were able to calculate the latent heat of fusion of
water by using the method of mixtures which was calculated by using the equation. Then the
correct value of the latent heat of fusion of ice was calculated by using the calculated heating
correction.
Reference
1. PH102 laboratory manual
2. www.google.com
3. www.clearwest.com
4. www.pef.uni-lj.si
