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OXFORD CAMBRIDGE AND RSA EXAMINATIONS
PHYSICS A 2821
Forces and Motion
Monday 14 JANUARY 2002 Morning 1 hour 30 minutes
Candidates answer on the question paper.
Additional materials:
Electronic calculator
Fuler
Protractor
Candidate Name Centre Number
Candidate
Number
TIME 1 hour 30 minutes
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
* Write your name in the space above.
* Write your Centre number and Candidate number in the boxes above.
* Answer all the questions.
* Write your answers in the spaces on the question paper.
* Read each question carefully and make sure you know what you ~ .
have to do before starting your answer. eee emer
qu | Max, | Mark
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES 1 4 1
+ The number of marks is given in brackets { ] at the end of each |} |__|
question or part question, 2
* You will be awarded marks for the quality of written communication 3
where this is indicated in the question.
* You may use an electronic calculator. a u
* You are advised to show all the steps in any calculations. s | 16
[6 7
7 9
8 | ow |
awe | 4
Tota | 90
This question paper consists of 16 printed pages.
SUFDOSYPW S13298/4
0cR 2002 Fgistored Charity Number:10s6969
[Turn overData
‘speed of light in free space, ©=3,00 x 108 ms"
permeability of free space, By = 4a x 1077 Hm
permittivity of free space, €) = 8.85 x 10-12 Ft
elementary charge, @=1.60x10-"C
.63 x 10-84 Js
the Planck constant,
unified atomic mass constant, 86 x 10°27 kg
rest mass of electron, 9.11 x 10731 kg
rest mass of proton, 1.67 x 10-27 kg
molar gas constant, R= 8.31 JK molt
the Avogadro constant, Np = 6.02 x 108 molt
gravitational constant, G = 6.67 x 107" Nm? kg-?
acceleration of free fall, g=9.81 msFormulae
uniformly accelerated motion, s=ut+gat?
v? = u?+2as
refractive index,
1 1 1
capacitors in series, S*GtGt
capacitors in parallel, Ca C+ Oye
capacitor discharge, X= xev/or
pressure of an ideal gas, p= Mot,
radioactive decay,
critical density of matter in the Universe,
ve
relativity factor, aV(1- @)
current,
nuclear radius,
sound intensity level, =10lg (2)
o
221 sr [Turn overf@ @
ii)
Answer all the questions.
Define speed.
Define velocity.
State and explain the differences between these quantities.
complete one revolution in 3.5 minutes.
Y
x
Fig. 1.1
40m
(i) Acarriage moves half a revolution from X to Y. Calculate
1
the speed of the carriage
speed =...
(4)
(b) Fig. 1.1 shows a fairground big wheel. The wheel is rotating in a vertical plane and
carriages travel round a circle of diameter 40m at a constant speed. The carriages
For
Examiner's
Use2, the magnitude of the average velocity of the carriage.
magnitude of the average velocity =
(ii) The carriage in (b){i) returns to point X. Calculate, for the complete revolution,
1. the speed of the carriage
speed =
2. the average velocity of the carriage.
average velocity =
Comment on your answer.
[3]
(c) Describe how the instantaneous velocity of the carriage at Y differs from the average
velocity of the carriage after travelling from X to Y.
- [3]
[Total: 14]
2821 Jone [Turn over
For
Examiner's
Use6 For
Examinor
Use
2 (a) Aplane has an air speed of 240 kmh~" due north. A wind is blowing at 90kmh~! from |
east to west. Use a vecior triangle to calculate the resultant velocity of the plane.
velocity =
direction with respect to north
(b) The plane flies under these conditions for 10 minutes. Calculate the component of the
displacement
4. due north,
displacement =. km
2. due west,
displacement =
(2)
[Total: 6](a) Define acceleration.
11]
(b) Fig. 3.1 shows the variation of the velocity v, with the time ¢, of a train as it travels from
‘one station to the next. The mass of the train is 105 tonnes.
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Fig. 3.1
() Use Fig. 3.1 to calculate the acceleration of the train in the first 10.0s.
ms? [2]
acceleration =
i) Calculate the resultant force acting on the train during the first 10.0s.
resultant force
sare [Turn over8
(ili) Use Fig. 3.1 to calculate the distance between the two stations.
distance = ... m [3]
(c) When travelling at a constant velocity of 18ms~' the engine of the train provides
225 kW of motive power. Calculate the driving force acting on the train.
driving force oN [2
(4) Explain why the train would reach a maximum constant velocity when the engine is |
supplying full power.
2]
(Total: 12]
For
Examiner's
Use4
(a) Define density.
{1}
(b) Fig. 4.1 shows a swimming pool with a base of surface area 80 m2. The pool contains
water of density 1000 kgm” to a uniform depth of 1.2m.
surface area 80m?
depth 1.2m
Fig. 4.1
(i) Show that the weight of water in the pool is 9.4 x 10°N.
(21
(ii) Calculate the pressure exerted on the base of the pool by the water,
pressure unit. 3]
ates ce [Turn over
For
Examiner's
Use10
(c) Asecond pool, of base area 40m?, has water of the same density and depth as that in
the pool in part (b). Determine the pressure of the water on the base of this pool.
pressure
Comment on your answer.
(2)
[Total: 8]
5 Aski jumper skis down a runway and projects himself into the air, landing on the ground a
short time later. The mass of the ski jumper and his equipment is 80kg. Fig. 5.1 shows the
skier just before he leaves the runway where his velocity is 20m s~* ina horizontal direction.
runway
Fig. 5.1
(a) The skier lands 4.05 after leaving the runway. Assume that only a gravitational force
acts on the skier. Calculate
(i) the horizontal distance travelled by the skier in 4.08
horizontal distance =
For
Examiner's
Use"
(ii) the vertical fall of the skier in this 4.08
vertical fall
horizontal component =
.m [3]
the horizontal component of the skier's velocity immediately before he lands
ams [1]
(iv) the vertical component of the skier's velocity immediately before he lands.
vertical component
ms” 2]
[Turn over12
(b) (In this question, marks are available for the quality of written communication.)
Take alll the forces that act on the skier into account,
(State the forces that act on the skier when he is in the air.
(2)
Discuss the energy changes that occur as the skier travels down the runway and
explain how the skier attempts to increase the horizontal distance he travels |
before landing on the ground.
7
[Total: 16]
For
Examiner
Use(a) (i) Define moment of a force about a point.
(il) Define torque of a couple.
13
(b) Fig. 6.1 shows the steering wheel of a car being acted on by two equal forces.
(2) Calculate the torque acting on the whee! due to these forces.
25N
Fig. 6.1
25N
torque ..
+ Unit
(2)
(ii) Explain whether the steering wheel is in equilibrium when subjected to these two
forces only.
[Turn over
Examiner's
UseFor
us | Examiner's
(a) Define the Young modulus of a material.
2]
(b) A metal wire of length 1.80m is clamped vertically and a load is applied so that it
extends 0.55 mm. The cross-sectional area of the wire is 1.2 x 10-7 m? and the Young
modulus of the metal is 2.0 x 10" Pa.
(i) Calculate the strain.
strain =
(ii) Calculate the force applied.
N
force .
(4)
(c) () Determine the extension produced on a second metal wire that has the same
dimensions as the wire in part (b), has the same load applied but is made from a
material that has half the Young modulus value.
extension =
(ii) State one assumption made.
3]
[Total: 9]15 For
Examiner's
Use
8 (a) Acar of total mass 800 kg is travelling along a level road at 25m s~'. The thinking time
\g at this speed is
of the driver is 0.65s and the braking distance for the car travel
40m.
() Calculate the overall stopping distance.
stopping distance =
(i) Calculate the kinetic energy of the car before the brakes are applied.
kinetic energy = ....... cod
(iii) Calculate the average braking force of the car.
braking force =.....
a ene [Turn over16
(b) Explain why the following factors affect the stopping distance of a car.
(in this question, marks are available for the quality of written communication.)
@ awet road
(i) tyre tread
downward slope in the road,
[7]
[Total: 14]
Quality of Written Communication [4]
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For
Examiner
Use