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The Real Number System: Math 2

The document provides an overview of the real number system. It begins by introducing the natural numbers, whole numbers, integers, and rational numbers. It explains that integers include both natural numbers and their opposites, and rational numbers can be expressed as fractions. Irrational numbers like √2 and π are then introduced, which cannot be expressed as fractions. Finally, real numbers are defined as including all rational and irrational numbers, plotted on the number line. The order of operations is also discussed, with PEMDAS introduced as the mnemonic for the proper order to evaluate expressions.

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Herald Mulano
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235 views33 pages

The Real Number System: Math 2

The document provides an overview of the real number system. It begins by introducing the natural numbers, whole numbers, integers, and rational numbers. It explains that integers include both natural numbers and their opposites, and rational numbers can be expressed as fractions. Irrational numbers like √2 and π are then introduced, which cannot be expressed as fractions. Finally, real numbers are defined as including all rational and irrational numbers, plotted on the number line. The order of operations is also discussed, with PEMDAS introduced as the mnemonic for the proper order to evaluate expressions.

Uploaded by

Herald Mulano
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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You are on page 1/ 33

THE REAL NUMBER

SYSTEM
MATH 2
Imagine you start from zero and go on
walking along this number line in the
positive direction.

2
Now suppose you start walking along the
number line, and collecting some of the
numbers. Get a bag ready to store them!

3
Natural Numbers (N)

✗ Counting
Numbers
✗ {1, 2, 3,..}
4
Whole Numbers (W)
✗ Counting
Numbers and
0
✗ {0, 1, 2, 3,..}
5
Integers (Z)
✗ Are all of the
natural numbers,
their opposites and
zero.
✗ {-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3,..}

6
Integers (Z)

7
Rational Numbers (Q)

8
Rational Numbers (Q)
✗ Numbers that can be
expressed as a
fraction (a/b)
✗ integers, terminating
decimals, and
repeating decimals
9
Exercises!
Are the following statements true or false?

✗ Every ✗ Every ✗ Every


whole integer is rational
number is a rational number is
a natural an
number.
number. integer.
10
Are these all?
✗ What are the numbers, that
are left on the number line,
called?
✗ How do we recognize them?
That is, how do we distinguish
them from the rationals
(rational numbers)?

11
Pythagoras
569BCE-479BCE

12
Irrational Numbers(Q’)
✗ Numbers that cannot
be expressed as a
fraction.
✗ Non-terminating and
non-repeating
decimals.
13
Irrational Numbers(Q’)
✗ √2 - Pythagoreans
✗ π – Legendre and
Lambert (late
1700s)

14
Real Numbers (R)

15
0.5, 1.4, 0.256 0.3, 0.45
0.6392518…
Π, √2
1/ 4/ 12/3
5, 11,

-5, -80

16
1, 2, 3…
ORDER OF
OPERATIONS

17
Why do we need the Order of
Operations?
✗ Many present day mathematical
resources that the order of
operation is a mathematical
concept which direct us to
compute.
✗ One common mnemonic in today’s
classrooms is PEMDAS, BUT…
18
WHY DO WE
USE IT?
19
What is PEMDAS?

✗ P – Parenthesis
✗ E- Exponent
✗ M- Multiplication
✗ D- Division
✗ A- Addition
✗ S- Subtraction
20
3+23- (9+1)
3+23- 10
26-10
16
3 (9+1) + 62
3(10)+62
3(10)+62
30+62
66
4+5 x (6-2)
4+5 x 4
4+20
24
4+ 10 x 23 -16
4+230 -16
234-16
218
21 + 120  10
21+12
33
10+72-2 x 5
10+72–2 x 5
10+72- 10
82 - 10
72
64  (9 x 3-19)
64(27 –19)
64  8
8
28
HOMEWORK

Which of the
following solution is
“correct” and why?
29
30
31
32
33

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