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Chapter 7

The document discusses data exchange standards for CAD systems. It describes how traditionally each manufacturer designed their own automotive components, but there is now a trend of outsourcing more components to suppliers, requiring the exchange of large amounts of CAD data between companies. Two common neutral data formats discussed are IGES and DXF. IGES is an ASCII file format divided into sections containing entity directories and parameter data. DXF is also an ASCII format that can represent CAD drawings in a readable text format to facilitate exchanging files between AutoCAD and other systems. Both standards aim to allow CAD data to be translated between different software programs to enable collaboration.

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50 views4 pages

Chapter 7

The document discusses data exchange standards for CAD systems. It describes how traditionally each manufacturer designed their own automotive components, but there is now a trend of outsourcing more components to suppliers, requiring the exchange of large amounts of CAD data between companies. Two common neutral data formats discussed are IGES and DXF. IGES is an ASCII file format divided into sections containing entity directories and parameter data. DXF is also an ASCII format that can represent CAD drawings in a readable text format to facilitate exchanging files between AutoCAD and other systems. Both standards aim to allow CAD data to be translated between different software programs to enable collaboration.

Uploaded by

naquib
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 7

Data Exchange Standards:

 CAD application has increased with-


o Growth in product variety
o Broadening of companies involved in product design
 Traditionally, automotive components were designed by the manufacturer themselves
 Current trend is to assign increasing number of components to suppliers
 Great deal of data concerning vehicle and component designs has to be exchanged
between various companies
 CAD is able to accomplish this exchange of data
 Easiest way to exchange data between two companies is to use the same CADCAM
software
o Should operate at same revision level
 Previously special translator programs were used to convert data from one system to
another
o But the number of softwares increased manifold
o For solving them, a solution was found
o Before data exchange every system was converted to a neutral format
o From that neutral format another conversion occurred to other systems

Difficulty:

 Sources of engineering softwares are less diverse


 Neutral file should be internationally agreed standard
 Wide variety used in CAD industry
o Some limit surface description to cubic polynomial base
o Some use polynomials of higher order
o Some do 2d draughting
o Some allow wire-frame, surface or solid model
 Translation from one to another is sometimes impossible and sometimes possible with
loss of precision

Benefits of Data Exchange:

 Automotive & Aerospace Industries focus mainly of exchange of geometric data


o Vital for description of component form
 Partially successful
 Development of standards very much in progress
IGES Standard:

 A specification for the structure and syntax of a neutral file in ASCII/Compressed


ASCII/Binary Format

ASCII File:

 Divided into 80 character records


 Each record line has identifier in column 73-80
 First character of the identifier indicates the file section
 Remainder is an integer number starting with one at the beginning of each section
o This number used for cross-referencing
 5 sections-
o Start
o Global
o Directory
o Parameter Data
o Termination

Start Section:

 Set up manually by the person initiating the IGES file


 Contains info for user assistance at the destination
o Example: Feature of originating system

Global Section:

 Provides parameters necessary to translate the file in 24 fields


o Sender’s identifiers
o File name
o Receiver’s identifier
o IGES version etc.

Directory Section:

 Generated by IGES pre-processor


 Contains an entry for each entity in the file
o Comprises a code representing several things to the entity data in the next section
 Entity type
 Subtype
 Pointer
 2 lines having 18 fields of 8 characters used for each entry

Parameter Data Section:


 Contains entry-specific data
o Co-ordinate calues
o Annotation text
 First parameter identifies the entity type from which meanings of the remaining
parameters may be derived
 Each entry has a pointer in columns 66-72 to the directory entry for the entity

Termination Section:

 Marks the end of the data file


 Contains subtotal of records for data transmission check purpose

DXF:

 Short for Data Exchange Format


 It is a format of storage
o Readable form using ASC II
 ASCII representation
 AutoCAD pioneered it
o Used 2 storage format
 .DWG Format
 Compact Binary Form
 Readable form using ASC II
 Made it straightforward for customers to work with AUTOCAD OR autodesk FILES
 Long
o Assign two lines in the file to each data item
o First line describes what the data item is
o Second line gives value of the item

Parts of DXF File:

1. Header
 Values for AUTOCAD system variables like-
 User interface style
 Parameters
 Dimension styles
2. Tables
 Line styles
 User defined coordinate systems
3. Blocks
 Dimensions of blocks instanced in the model
4. Entities
 Entry definitions and data

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