SOUTHLAND COLLEGE
SCHOOL OF HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT
HUMAN BEHAVIOR IN ORGANIZATION
MODULE – 2
TOPIC: Organizational System and Human Behavior
Human Behavior
Any act of an individual person which is considered human behavior is a reflection of his
thoughts, feelings, emotions, sentiments whether conscious or not.
It mirrors his needs, values, motivation, aspirations, conflicts and state of life.
Behavior
Consists of all human activities.
Human behavior occurs anywhere and everywhere;
At home
In school
In the work setting
In church
In a social clubs
In a professional organization
Therefore, it is universal and is at the core of leadership, followership, communication, decision
making and the process in the organization.
The principle and concepts that underlie behavior are basic. It is their implementation and
practice that differ from group to group or from one country to another it is known as
culture-laden behavior.
Ex: the Americans offer flowers to their dead; while the Chinese placed food on top of the
tomb. Note: Reverence for dead is universal. It is how each culture manifests it that spells
the difference.
Human Behavior is also called Human Act which is different from Act of Man.
Human Act – when man/person performs an act with free will; he is responsible
for such act which is performed with alternatives to choose from.
Act of Man – is performed by one who is forced to do so at the risk of his own life,
if he does otherwise; he does not have any other alternatives to choose from.
Reasons for studying Human Behavior
In order to have an understanding of the actions of people.
The need to understand the behavior of others, especially those we come in contact
with, and the need to anticipate and predict how others may act in certain situation are
important since we are affected by their actions.
It provide data and information which may be needed for improved productivity, for
rational decision and policy making, for better planning and organizing personnel and
human resources recruitment, screening, selection, promotion and development .
We look not only into the personality of others but into our own personalities as well.
To know the reason why we think, feel, act, speak and talk in certain ways
Organizational Behavior
The study and application of knowledge about how people as individuals and as groups
act and behave within the organization.
It strives to identify ways in which people act more effectively. Provides a useful set of
tools at many levels of analysis to help managers look at the behavior of individuals
within the environment.
It also aids them in their understanding of the complexities which affect the
interpersonal relations of the people as they interact
GOALS OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
1. To describe – how people behave as they interact with one another.
2. To understand – why people behave in varied manners.
Ex.“Manager should be able to understand the reasons behind the actions of their
employees”.
3. To predict – to predict the future employee behavior so that an appropriate course of
action maybe employed.
4. To control – for the manager to develop human activity at work.
Note: if you are the Manager or Boss of a company, you are held responsible for
performance results of the employees within the organization; they should be
interested in every employee’s behavior, attitude, skill development, team effort and
productivity.
Two main approaches to the study of human behavior
1. Philosophy – base on speculation and logic
2. Physiology – base on experimental observation
Methods use in studying human behavior
1. Experiments
2. Surveys
3. Case methods
4 forces or elements affecting Organizational Behavior
1. People – make up the internal social system in an organization; the system consists of
individual and groups, large or small, with different values and orientation.
2. Organizations exist to serve people; people do not exist to serve organizations.
Structure – defines the formal relationships and use of human resources in an
organization.
People have to be related in some structural way so that their tasks can be effectively
coordinated.
3. Technology – technology has a tremendous influence on working relationships. It
provides the resources with which people work and affect the tasks they perform.
The great benefit of technology is that it allows workers to perform much better work.
4. Environment – All organization operates within an internal and external environment.
Organization is a part of a bigger system that contains many other related components such
as government, military, school, family and other organizations.
Note: When people join together in an organization to accomplish an objective, some kind of structure is
required; people also use technology to help get the job done; so there is an interaction of people,
structure and technology, these elements are influenced by their environment.
TO DO:
Based on your own understanding, discuss the importance and impact of the
elements affecting the Organizational Behavior. (20 points)
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