7

English
Quarter 1 – Module 1
MELC 1: Supply other words or
expressions that complete an analogy

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MODULE 1
I. Introduction
Your task in this lesson will be to select the word or words that correctly
complete each analogy. To do that, you have to study the relationship
between words to find a connection. So be ready to improve your
vocabulary. Read and understand quickly, and think creatively!

II. Objectives:

Learning Objectives:
After completing this module, the learner should be able to
demonstrate ability to:

1. Recognize an analogy and its long and short versions;

2. Determine the relationship between words in analogies;
and
3. Supply other words or expressions that complete an
analogy

III. Vocabulary List:

• Analogy- a comparison between things that have similar

features, often used to help explain a principle or idea:

*Definition was taken from Cambridge Dictionary

IV. Pre-Test

Directions: Complete the following statements. Write the letter of

the answer.

1. Grape is to raisin as plum is to _______________.

a. dried b. fruit c. dates d. prune

2. Act is to actor as steal is to _______________.

a. steel b. thief c. dishonest d. rob

3. Find is to lose as construct is to _______________.

a. demolish b. build c. misplace d. materials

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4. Text is to words as music is to _______________.
a. song b. notes c. iPod d. radio

5. Rock is to hard as feather is to:

a. flat b. limp c. light d. soft

V. Learning Activities

How Do You Read an Analogy?

Notice the special notation used in analogies.

King : queen :: prince : princess

Arm : hand :: leg : foot

The single colon ( : ) stand for the words is to. The double colon ( :: ) stands
for the word as.

So, in sentence form, the analogies read… Take note

that an
King is to queen, as prince is to princess. analogy can
Arm is to hand, as leg is to foot. be written in
two ways!

Here are some common types of analogies.

1. Relationship: Synonym
a. “An error is synonymous to mistake, just like the word remark which
is synonymous to comment.” (long version)
b. error : mistake :: remark : comment (short version)

2. Relationship: Antonym
a. “Empty is exactly the opposite of full, just like tall and short which are
opposite to one another.” (long version)
b. empty : full :: tall : short (short version)

3. Relationship: Object to function

a. “An oven is used for baking, likewise, the bed is used for sleeping.” (long
version)
b. Oven : baking :: bed : sleeping (short version)

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 Other relationships/ types of analogy:

Individual and Group termites : colony :: players : team

Intensity quarrel : war :: kindle : burn
Part and Whole bicycle : pedal :: computer : hard disk
Worker and Product author : book :: poet : poem
Worker and Working
teacher : school :: doctor : hospital
Place
Object and Action microscope : magnify :: pen : write
Measurement scale : length : thermometer : temperature
Geography Manila : Philippines :: Tokyo: Japan

✓ To answer an analogy question you must:

❖ Recognize the relationship between the words in the given word pair
❖ Select the answer containing words related to one another in most
nearly the same way
❖ Recognize when two-word pairs display equal relationships

✓ Approaches that may be helpful in answering analogy questions:

❖ Try to determine the precise relationship between the words in the

given pair
❖ Form a sentence that captures the relationship between the two words
❖ Then look for the answer choice containing the word pair whose
relationship is closest to that of the given pair and can be expressed in
a similar fashion
❖ Pay attention to the order of the words in the pair
❖ Pay attention to the parts of speech
❖ The relationships you need to explain will be constant relationships
❖ Analogy questions are vocabulary intensive
❖ Remember that a single word can have several different meaning
❖ Never decide on the best answer without reading all the answer
choices
❖ Practice recognizing and formulating relationships between word pairs

Source:
https://www.mansfieldschool.com/cms/lib07/NJ01000046/Centricity/Domain/20/analog
ies%203-11.pdf

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VI. Practice Task 1 Be guided

Let’s try it!

DIRECTIONS: Choose the word that best completes each analogy.
1. Soldier is to army, as teacher is to ____________.

a. class b. faculty c. school d. principal

2. Beautician is to parlor, as chef is to __________.
a. kitchen b. restaurant c. cabin d. tavern

3. Editor is to newspaper, as tailor is to _________.

a. ornaments b. food c. clothes d. film
4. Alphabet is to letter, as shirt is to __________.

a. sleeve b. belt c. trouser d. coat

5. Icing is to cake, as cheese is to ___________.
a. candy b. milk c. pizza d. cow

6. Shy is to timid, as top is to ___________.

a. meek b. summit c. bottom d. under
7. Cheap is to expensive, as whisper is to ___________.

a. talk b. listen c. speak d. shout

8. A train is to transportation, as a telephone is to ___________.
a. friend b. travel c. communication d. device

9. Mt. Mayon is to volcano, as Jupiter is to ___________.

a. planet b. star c. comet d. galaxy
10. Hero is to villain, as friend is to ___________.

a. pal b. foe c. heroine d. family

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Practice Task 2 Picture Analogy
Directions:
This type of reasoning question is similar to word analogies and is solved
in the same way as you solve word analogies. The question has a set of two
pictures that are related to each other. This set is followed by another set; a
picture and an empty box.
The question is followed by four answer choices in the form of pictures.
You have to choose one picture that would go in the empty box so that pictures
in the second set are related to each other in the same way as the pictures in
the first set are related to each other.

Example:

Answer: A

1.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.

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3.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

5.

Practice Task 3 Be certain

A. Directions: Determine the relationship between the first set of words.
Choose your answer from the box below.

Individual to Group Antonym Part to Whole

Object to Action Worker/working place Degree/Intensity
Synonym Measurement Worker/product

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 1. speak : shout ________________________
2. cobbler : shoes ________________________
3. lawyer : court ________________________
4. gun : shoot ________________________
5. scarcity : abundance ________________________
6. enormous : huge ________________________
7. sphygmomanometer : blood pressure ________________________
8. flowers : bouquet ________________________
9. camera : lens ________________________
10. musicians : band ________________________

B. Directions: Each question below presents a word relationship and a pair

of words that is an example of that relationship. On the line, write another pair
of words that have the same relationship.

1. Characteristic snow : white ____________________

2. Cause-Effect spark : fire _____________________
3. Synonym damp : wet _____________________
4. Antonym fast : slow ______________________
5. Part-Whole legs : chair _____________________
6. Individual to Group sheep : flock ____________________
7. Geography Albay : Legazpi _________________
8. Object to Action needle : sew ____________________
9. Degree/ Intensity wish : desire ____________________
10. Worker/Product dramatist : play _________________

VII. Post Test

Directions: Find out the relationship between the first two words
and choose the missing word from the given alternatives.
Ex. Page is to book, as leaf is to ________.
a. tree b. root c. forest d. brunch
Answer: Part to whole, a
1. Chaos is to peace, as fast is to ___________.
a. slow b. speedy c. tired d. move

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 2. Clerk is to office, as scientist is to __________.
a. gallery b. casino c. laboratory d. stage

3. Smoke is to pollution, as war is to _________.

a. victory b. destruction c. treaty d. peace

4. Volume is to liter, as area is to___________.

a. pounds b. mass c. hectare d. watt

5. People is to crowd, as grapes is to

a. bunch b. swarm c. stock d. vines
6. Farmer is to crop, as carpenter is to ________________.
a. shoes b. furniture c. designs d. ornaments
7. Synthetic is to artificial, as abduct is to ___________.
a. imprison b. kidnap c. discharge d. treasure
8. Fan is to blade, as cart is to ___________.
a. mirror b. pedal c. headlight d. wheel
9. Engineer is to site, as artist is to ____________.
a. theatre b. farm c. gallery d. school

10. Scissors is to snip, as clips is to _________

a. write b. sew c. fasten d. illustrate

VIII. Assignment/s
Directions: Write a sentence that explains the relationship between each pair
of words.

Example: oven : baking

Sentence: An oven is used for baking.

1. substitute : replace
2. pupils : class
3. anger : rage
4. architects : design
5. farmer : field

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References:
https://www.mansfieldschool.com/cms/lib07/NJ01000046/Centricity/Domain/20
/analogies%203-11.pdf
https://www.beatricepublicschools.org/pages/uploaded_files/Analogy%20Notes
b.pdf

Graphics by: Loyd William F. Rosalin

Google images

Answer Key:
Practice Task 3
Pre-Test A.
1. DEGREE/INTENSITY
1. D
2. WORKER/PRODUCT
2. B
3. WORKER/WORKING PLACE
3. A
4. OBJECT TO FUNCTION
4. A
5. ANTONYM
5. C
6. SYNONYM
7. MEASUREMENT
Practice Task 1
8. INDIVIDUAL TO GROUP
1. B
9. PART TO WHOLE
2. A
10. INDIVIDUAL TO GROUP
3. C
4. A
B. ANSWERS MAY VARY
5. C
6. B
Post-test
7. D
1. Antonym, A
8. C
2. Worker/ working place, C
9. A
3. Cause & Effect, C
10. B
4. Measurement, C
5. Individual to Group, A
Practice Task 2
6. Worker/Product, B
1. A
7. Synonym, B
2. C
8. Part to Whole, D
3. D
9. Worker/Working Place, A
4. A
10. Object to function, C
5. C
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