Marcia

c Drost, March 7, 2008 1

150 Lecture Notes - Section 6.2

adjacent hypotenuse
cos θ = sec θ =
hypotenuse adjacent

opposite adjacent
tan θ = cot θ =
adjacent opposite

Find the values of the six trigonometric

4 32 + 42 = (hyp)2
θ 25 = (hyp)2
3 5 = hyp

4 5
sin θ = csc θ =
5 4
3 5
cos θ = sec θ =
5 3
4 3
tan θ = cot θ =
3 4

√
1 2 √
sin 45 = √ =
o
csc 45o = 2
2 2 1
√ ο
1 2 √ 45
cos 45 = √ =
o
sec 45 =
o
2
2 2
1
tan 45 = 1 o
cot 45 = 1
o
 Marcia
c Drost, March 7, 2008 2

1
sin 30o = csc 30o = 2 2
2 1
ο
√
3 2 2 3
√ 30
cos 30o = sec 30o = √ =
2 3 3 3
√
1 3 √
tan 30o = √ = cot 30o = 3
3 3

√ √
3 2 2 3
sin 60 = o
csc 60 = √ =
o
2 3 3
1 2
cos 60o = sec 60o = 2 3
2 ο
√ 60
√ 1 3
tan 60o = 3 cot 60o = √ = 1
3 3

Cofunctions of Complementary angles are Equal

sin (90o − θ) = cos θ

cos (90o − θ) = sin θ

tan (90o − θ) = cot θ

sec (90o − θ) = csc θ

Fundamental Trigonometric Identities

reciprocal identities

1 1 1
sin θ = cos θ = tan θ =
csc θ sec θ cot θ
1 1 1
csc θ = sec θ = cot θ =
sin θ cos θ tan θ

quotient identities

sin θ cos θ
tan θ = cot θ =
cos θ sin θ
 Marcia
c Drost, March 7, 2008 3

To solve a Triangle: means to find the size of the three angles, and the length of the
three sides.

Finding the height of a plane.: A plane is spotted 2 miles away at an angle of elevation
of 25o . Find the altitude of the plane.

From a point on the ground 500 ft. from the base of a building, and observer finds the
angle of elevation to the top of the building is 24o and the angle of elevation to the top
of a flagpole atop the building is 27o . Find the height of the building and the height
of the flagpole.