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Business Research Essentials

The document discusses business research methodology. It describes two main types of research - quantitative and qualitative. It also outlines the stages of the business research process including problem discovery, research design, sampling, data gathering, analysis, and reporting. Research design can be exploratory or conclusive, with conclusive research further divided into descriptive and causal categories. The key difference is that exploratory research aims to explore aspects of an area, while descriptive research describes elements and phenomena, and causal research defines problems clearly to identify cause-and-effect relationships.

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Jagadeesh Putturu
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20 views15 pages

Business Research Essentials

The document discusses business research methodology. It describes two main types of research - quantitative and qualitative. It also outlines the stages of the business research process including problem discovery, research design, sampling, data gathering, analysis, and reporting. Research design can be exploratory or conclusive, with conclusive research further divided into descriptive and causal categories. The key difference is that exploratory research aims to explore aspects of an area, while descriptive research describes elements and phenomena, and causal research defines problems clearly to identify cause-and-effect relationships.

Uploaded by

Jagadeesh Putturu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Business Research Methodology

Types:
1.Quantitative Research
Emphasis on numerical data

2. Qualitative Research
Emphasis on non-numerical
The Business Research Process
Information
• Reduces uncertainty
• Helps focus decision making
Research design can be divided into two
groups: exploratory and conclusive.
Exploratory research, according to its
name merely aims to explore specific
aspects of the research area.

Conclusive research can be divided into


two categories: descriptive and causal.
Descriptive research design, as the name
suggests, describes specific elements,
causes, or phenomena in the research
area.
The Business Research Process

Problem Selection of
Discovery Sample Design

Exploratory Collection of the


Research Data

Selection of the
Basic Research
Method
The Research Process (cont.)

Editing and Report


Coding

Data Processing

Interpretation of
the Findings
Stages In The Research
Process
 Problem Discovery and Problem Definition
 Research Design
 Sampling
 Data Gathering
 Data Processing and Analysis
 Conclusions And Report
Problem Discovery And
Definition
 Problem, opportunity, or monitor operations
 Discovery before definition
 Problem means management problem
“The formulation of the
problem is often more
essential than its solution”

Albert Einstein
Types Of Research

 Exploratory
 Descriptive
 Causal
Uncertainty Influences
The Type Of Research

CAUSAL OR COMPLETELY ABSOLUTE EXPLORATORY


DESCRIPTIVE CERTAIN AMBIGUITY
Degree of Problem Definition

Exploratory Research Descriptive Research Causal Research


(Unaware of Problem) (Aware of Problem) (Problem Clearly Defined)

“Our sales are declining and “What kind of people are buying “Will buyers purchase more of
we don’t know why.” our product? Who buys our our products in a new package?
competitor’s product?”
“Would people be interested “Which of two advertising
in our new product idea?” “What features do buyers prefer campaigns is more effective?”
in our product?”
Exploratory Research

 Secondary data
 Experience survey
 Pilot studies

Initialresearch conducted to clarify


and define the nature of a problem
Does not provide conclusive evidence
Subsequent research expected
12
Descriptive Research

 Describes characteristics of a population or


phenomenon
 Some understanding of the nature of the
problem
Examples:
 Weight Watchers average customer
 Household income of about $50,000
 At least some college education
Descriptive Research
 Men’s fragrance market
 1/3 size of women’s fragrance market
 But growing at a faster pace

Causal Research

Conducted to identify cause and effect


relationships
GDP, Inflation rate, Exchange rate etc
Identifying Causality

 A causal relationship is impossible to prove.


 Evidence of causality:
 1. The appropriate causal order of events
 2. Concomitant variation--two phenomena vary
together
 3. An absence of alternative plausible explanations

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