References
[1] Adamcova D, Vaverkova M. Degradation of biodegradable/degradable plastics in municipal solid
waste landfill. Pol J Environ Stud. 2014; 23:1071–1078.
[2] Yang Y, Yang J, Wu WM, et al. Biodegradation and mineralization of polystyrene by plastic-eating
mealworms: Role of gut microorganisms. Environ Science Technology 2015; 49:12087–12093.
[3] V.A. Davankov and M.p. Tsyurupa structure and properties of hypercrosslinked polystyrene the first
representative of a new class of polymer networks,1990
[4] Kaplan DL, Roy H, Jim S. Biodegradation of Polystyrene, poly (methyl methacrylate), and phenol-
formaldehyde. Applied Environmental Microbiology. 1979;38: 551–553.
[5] Lucas N, Bienaime C, Belloy C, et al. Polymer biodegradation: mechanisms and estimation techniques: a
review. Chemosphere. 2008; 73:429–442.
[6] Otake Y, Kobayashi T, Asabe H, et al. Biodegradation of low-density polyethylene, polystyrene,
polyvinyl chloride, and urea-formaldehyde resin buried under soil for over 32 years. J Appl Polym Sci.
1995; 56:1789–1796
[7] Albertsson AC, Andersson SO, Karlsson S. The mechanism of biodegradation of polyethylene. Polymer
Degradation Stability. 1987; 18:73–87.
[8] Artham T, Doble M. Biodegradation of aliphatic and aromatic polycarbonates. Macromolecular
Bioscience 2008; 8:14–24.
[9] Singh, B. and Sharma, N. Mechanistic implications of plastic degradation. Polymer Degradation and
Stability, 2008; 93: 561-584.
[10] Shimpi N, Borane M, Mishra S, et al. Biodegradation of polystyrene (PS)-poly (lactic acid) (PLA)
nanocomposites using Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Macromolecular Research. 2012; 20:181–187.
[11] Nikolic V, Sava V, Aleksandar P. Biodegradation of polystyrene-graft-starch copolymers in three
different types of soil. Environmental Science Pollution Research International. 2014; 21: 9877–9886.
[12] Palmisano AC, Pettigrew CA. Biodegradability of plastics. Bioscience. 2006;42:680–685.
[13] Michels, J., Stippkugel, A., Lenz, M., Wirtz, K., and Engel, A.Rapid aggregation of biofilm-covered
microplastics with marine biogenic particles. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 2018; 285: 20181203
[14] Rogers, J., Dowsett, A.B., Lee, J.V., Keevil, C.W. Chemostat studies of biofilm development on
plumbing materials and the incorporation of Legionella pneumophila. In: Rossmore H W (Eds)
Biodeterioration and Biodegradation 8. Elsevier Applied Science, New York, 1999; pp. 458-460.
1
[15] Gu, J.D. Microbiological deterioration and degradation of synthetic polymeric materials: recent research
advances. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 2009;52: 69-91.
[16] Costerton, J.W., P.S.Stewart, andE.P.Greenberg.Bacterial biofilms: a common cause of persistent
infections. Science, 1999;284:1318–1322
[17] Flemming, H.-C., J. Wingender, T. Griegbe, and C. Mayer. 2000. Biofilms: recent advances in their
study and control. Harwood Academic Publishers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.2000 Physicochemical
properties of biofilms, p. 19–34. In L. V. Evans (ed.),
[18] Schreiner, H. C., K. Sinatra, J. B. Kaplan, D. Furgang, S. C. Kachlany, P. J. Planet, B. A. Perez, D. H.
Figurski, and D. H. Fine. Tight-adherence genes of Actinobacillus actinomycetes comitans are required for
virulence in a rat model. 2003; Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100:7295–7300.
[19] Mah, T.-F., and G. A. O’Toole. Mechanisms of biofilm resistance to antimicrobial agents. Trends in
Microbiology, 2001; 9:34–39.
[20] Sutherland, I. W.A natural terrestrial biofilm.J IndbMicrobiol17,1996;281±283
[21]Mor R, Sivan A. Biofilm formation and partial biodegradation of polystyrene by the actinomycete
Rhodococcus ruber: biodegradation of polystyrene. Biodegradation. 2008; 19:851–858.
[22] Ba Thanh Ho, Timothy K. Roberts & Steven Lucas An overview on biodegradation of polystyrene and
modified polystyrene: the microbial approach, Critical Reviews in biotechnology, 2018;38:2, 308-320
[23] Ojeda T, Freitas A, Dalmolin E, et al. Abiotic and biotic degradation of oxo-biodegradable foamed
polystyrene. Polymer Degradation Stability. 2009;94:2128–2133
[24] Ward P.G., Goff M., Donner M., Kaminsky W. and O’Connor K.E. A two-step chemo-biotechnical
conversion of polystyrene to a biodegradable thermoplastic.Environmental Science and Technology, 2006.
[25] Kim, Hong Rae; Lee, Hyun Min; Jeon, Eunbeen; Yu, Hee Cheol; Lee, Sukkyoo; Li, Jiaojie; et al:
Biodegradation of Polystyrene by Pseudomonas sp. Isolated from the Gut of Superworms.2019;
ChemRxiv
[26] Ghosh, S., Qureshi, A., and Purohit, H.J. (2019). Microbial degradation of plastics: Biofilms and
degradation pathways. In: Kumar, V., Kumar, R., Singh, J. and Kumar, P. Contaminants in Agriculture and
Environment: Health Risks and Remediation, Volume 1, Agro Environ Media, Haridwar, India, pp. 184-199,
[27] Naz I, Batool SA, Naeem A, et al. monitoring of growth and physiological activities of biofilm during
succession on polystyrene from activated sludge under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Environmental
Monitory Assessment. 2013; 185:6881–6892.
2
3
