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English As A Second Language: Edexcel IGCSE

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100% found this document useful (1 vote)

379 views24 pages

English As A Second Language: Edexcel IGCSE

Mark scheme for igcse

Uploaded by

thushyanth

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You are on page 1/ 24

Write your name here

Surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Edexcel IGCSE
English as a Second Language
Paper 1: Reading and Writing

Friday 10 June 2011 – Afternoon Paper Reference

Time: 2 hours 4ES0/01

You must have: Total Marks
Insert for Part 2 and Part 3 (enclosed)

Instructions
• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
• centrethe
Fill in boxes at the top of this page with your name,
number and candidate number.
• Answer all questions.
• Answer the questions in the spaces provided
– there may be more space than you need.
• Dictionaries may not be used in this examination.
Information
• The total mark for this paper is 100.
• –Theusemarks for each question are shown in brackets
this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.

Advice
• Read all the instructions carefully and keep to the word limit given.
• Keep an eye on the time.
• Checkanswer
Try to every question.
• your answers if you have time at the end.

Turn over

P38739A
©2011 Edexcel Limited.
*P38739A0120*
1/1/1/C1
READING

Part 1

Read the pieces of advice (A–I) below and match each of the statements 1–10 to the correct
piece of advice by marking a cross for the answer. If you change your mind, put a line
through the box and then indicate your new answer with a cross .

Not all pieces of advice have to be used. A piece of advice can be used more than once.

Top 10 Things You Can Do to Reduce Global Warming

A Do your part to reduce household waste by choosing reusable products instead of disposable
ones. Buying products with minimal packaging will help to reduce waste and whenever
possible, recycle paper, plastic, newspaper, glass and aluminium. If there isn’t a recycling
programme at your workplace, school, or in your community, ask about starting one.
B Adding insulation to walls and attics can lower heating expenses by reducing the amount of
energy required to heat and cool your home. Turn down the heating or the air-conditioning
while sleeping at night or away during the day, and keep temperatures moderate at all times.
C Wherever practical, replace ordinary light bulbs with fluorescent or energy-saving light bulbs.
Replacing just one 60-watt light bulb with a fluorescent one, for example, will save money and
will last 10 times longer, using two-thirds less energy, whilst emitting 70 percent less heat.
D Less driving means fewer emissions and reduces carbon footprints. Besides, walking and
cycling are great forms of exercise. When you do drive, make sure the vehicle is running
efficiently. For example, keeping tyres properly inflated and driving at a sensible and
consistent speed can improve fuel consumption. When purchasing a new vehicle, choose one
that offers high mileage per gallon.
E When purchasing new household appliances, such as refrigerators, washing machines or
computers, look for the more energy-saving models. Integrated appliances mean fewer
products therefore less electricity used. You may be surprised to know that the latest
generation of computer game consoles can consume up to a massive 250W of power – the
equivalent of having over four 60W traditional light bulbs burning.
F Set your water heater at 50 °C to save energy, and wrap it in an insulating blanket. Fit energy-
saving showerheads which save hot water and reduce energy consumption. Wash your
clothes in warm or cold water to reduce the use of hot water and the energy required to
produce it. Do not leave water running unnecessarily.
G Save electricity and reduce global warming by turning off lights when you leave a room.
Remember to turn off the stereo and computer when you are not using them. Leaving the
television on standby wastes electricity so, when you have finished watching, turn it off.
H If you have the means, plant a tree. During photosynthesis, trees and other plants absorb
carbon dioxide and give off oxygen but, at present, there are too few of them to counter the
increases in carbon dioxide caused by humans.
I Seek advice from your local gas or electricity supplier. Many utility companies provide free
energy audits to help consumers identify areas in their homes that may not be energy-
efficient. In addition, these companies offer rebate schemes to help pay for the cost of
energy-efficient upgrades.

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*P38739A0220*
Questions 1–10
1 Switch your PC off when you don’t need it.
A B C D E F G H I

2 Do the laundry at a lower temperature.

A B C D E F G H I

3 Ask about how to make your house more energy-efficient.

A B C D E F G H I

4 Purchase items sold in cardboard boxes, for example, that you can recycle.
A B C D E F G H I

5 Insulate your home and get money back from energy providers.
A B C D E F G H I

6 Select a digital television which combines a television with a digital receiver.

A B C D E F G H I

7 Don’t keep your house too hot or too cold.

A B C D E F G H I

8 Buy electrical goods for the kitchen that are energy-efficient.

A B C D E F G H I

9 Consider alternative methods of transport.

A B C D E F G H I

10 Look for more economical ways of lighting the house.

A B C D E F G H I

(Total for Part 1 = 10 marks)

3
*p38739A0320* Turn over
Part 2

Read the article below on taking a gap year and answer questions 11–25.

How to fund a gap year

A gap year is simply a year, or even less, taken out of formal education. For example, this may
occur during the transition from secondary school to sixth form or college, before starting a
university course, or before beginning a postgraduate programme. It could even be taken after
completing all formal education but before entering the world of work. Regardless of when it
occurs, there are many options that include travel, work or volunteering.
Every year around one million people in the UK say they would be interested in taking a gap
year, but only a fraction end up taking one. A large proportion give up because they think they
cannot cover the costs but experts say the cost of a gap year need not stop anyone. “One of the
most frustrating things is hearing people say they can’t afford a gap year, when I see thousands
of people every year doing it,” said Tony Williams, founder of a company that specialises in
organising gap years.
A “year out” usually costs between £3,000 and £4,000 depending on whether you travel,
volunteer or work or do any of these in combination. This can be a menacing amount for
students who may already be snowed under with loans, or school leavers without much
vocational experience. However, it is rare for people to finish their year out with greater debt
than when they started. Choosing a gap year which includes work as well as travel gives you the
added luxury of not having to cover all your costs before you go – you can top up your funds by
working during the year.
Lynn Black, an English Literature student at the University of Exeter, spent six months working
on a community project in Thailand. “I worked in England for a few months and saved enough
money to buy a ticket to go there, with about £500 spare,” she explained. “As a volunteer you get
board and lodging and a meagre wage, but you don’t need much to live quite comfortably.”
There are countless examples of students using their initiative to think up ideas to raise the
necessary funds to go on a gap year. They range from the physically challenging, like swimming
the distance of the English Channel or running a half marathon, to the ridiculous, like the girl
who sat in a bath of cat food for an hour and managed to raise £1,200.
But the gains of fundraising for a gap year extend beyond the short-term advantages. “It looks
amazing on your CV, and it’s a brilliant thing to do,” Williams said. “If you go for an interview and
it comes down to two people, the fundraiser will stand out.”
Raising money in small amounts can seem demoralising, but it does build up. For example, a car
washing business which cleans ten cars a week at £3 a time makes £120 a month, over £1,500 in
a year. “The secret is not to try and get full funding from large multi-national companies, but to
get £100 here, £100 there, and build it up slowly,” Williams explained. “You need only ten friends
to sponsor you £10 for shaving your head and you have £100.”
Mike Henry, a journalism student at Bournemouth University, spent some of his gap year in
Belize, after raising over £4,000. He worked full-time in a department store for three and a half
months and also used his initiative to organise some events. “I tried to think of some original
things to do. I know someone who owns a restaurant, so I asked him whether he could help me
do a cheese-tasting night. We did it and he let me keep the £600 profits,” Henry said.

4
*P38739A0420*
Gap years can cost as much or as little as you want. The opportunities to raise the money you will
need are there, so do not take out a loan for your travels. Student money worries are big enough
without adding further debts into the mix. A gap year is feasible for all students – all you need is
the determination to raise the money.

Questions 11–15
Read the statements below. Decide whether they are TRUE, FALSE or NOT GIVEN
according to the text.
Mark a cross for the correct answers. If you change your mind, put a line through
the box and then indicate your new answer with a cross .

True False Not Given

11 Students usually take a gap year between university and
full-time employment.
12 People with job experience are more likely to take a gap year.

13 You are not paid if you work as a volunteer.

14 It is a good idea to fund your gap year from a variety of sources.

15 Borrowing money to fund a gap year is not recommended.

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*p38739A0520* Turn over
Questions 16–25
Complete the following sentences. Write no more than TWO words and/or numbers
taken from the text.

16 Tony Williams thinks that it is ............................................................................................. that so many people

decide against a gap year.

17 A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......................................................... is another expression for a gap year.

18 A gap year may be a ............................................................................................. of several activities.

19 Lynn Black raised money for her gap year by working in

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..................................................... beforehand.

20 Although some students raise money in crazy ways, others do more

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..................................................... activities.

21 There may be . ............................................................................................ for fundraisers long after they have

raised money for their gap years.

22 Mike Henry was employed in a ............................................................................................. before going on his

gap year.

23 Mike Henry arranged a number of ...................................................................................... . . . . . . . to fund his gap

year.

24 Students usually have enough ............................................................................................. without the added

stress of getting into debt.

25 The article advises students to show ............................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . when finding

ways to fund a gap year.

(Total for Part 2 = 15 marks)

6
*P38739A0620*
BLANK PAGE

7
*p38739A0720* Turn over
Part 3

Read the article below on the Olympic Games and answer questions 26–40.

The Olympic Games

Next year the 2012 Summer Olympic Games will be held in London from 27 July to 12 August.
It will be the third time that they have been held in the capital, London having been host
previously in 1908 and 1948. It will be the thirtieth Olympiad going back to the first Games of
the modern era in 1896. However, the history of the Olympic Games goes back thousands of
years to ancient times.
The Olympic Games took their name from the Greek city of Olympia and, though there were
important athletic competitions held in other Greek cities in ancient times, the Olympic Games
were regarded as the most prestigious. The Games were held every four years during August
and September and the word “Olympiad”, which referred to the four-year intervals between
competitions, was commonly used to measure time. The first documented Olympic champion
was a man named Coroebus, a cook from Elis, who won the sprint race in 776 BC. Historians
believe that the Games had already existed for at least five hundred years prior to that date,
although there is no written historical evidence.
The Olympic Games originally featured only one event: a race called the “stade”, equal to a
distance of about two hundred metres. By 728 BC two more races had been added, comparable
to the four hundred metre and fifteen hundred metre races of the modern Games. Later the
Olympics were to include wrestling, boxing and the pentathlon, as well as specialised events for
soldiers and messengers. It was only in 472 BC that the events were spread out over a period of
four to five days, as previously they had all taken place on a single day.
Participation in the Olympic Games was originally limited to free-born Greeks, but as the Greek
Empire grew as a result of the conquests of Alexander the Great, the Games attracted entrants
from Antioch and Alexandria, in the Middle East. While the only official prize was a wreath or
garland, successful athletes were supported in their training by the governments of their cities.
Most of the competitors were, in fact, professionals. After the Roman conquest of Greece in the
second century BC, the Olympic Games suffered a decline in popularity and importance, but the
Games persisted until AD 393, when the Roman Emperor Theodosius I ordered their abolition.
The idea of reviving the Olympic Games originated with French aristocrat Baron Pierre de
Coubertin, who first raised the issue in 1892. At a conference on international sport held in
Paris in 1894, Coubertin managed to convince delegates, representing nine countries, to vote in
favour of an Olympic revival. The organisers had planned the first modern Olympics for 1900 in
Paris, but later decided to move the date forward to 1896 and to change the venue to Athens,
the original site of the Games. The first Olympic Games of the modern era were inaugurated by
the King of Greece in the first week of April 1896.
The idea of putting five interlocking rings (blue, yellow, black, green and red) on a white
background was conceived by Pierre de Coubertin. This Olympic symbol represents the meeting
of the union of five continents and athletes of the world at the Olympic Games.

8
*P38739A0820*
The Games of 1896, 1900 and 1904 were loosely organised and did not feature national teams
produced by rigorous selection. The 1908 Games, held in London in a newly-built sixty-six
thousand seater stadium, were the first where the events were organised by the relevant
authorities in each athletic discipline. More than two thousand athletes from twenty-two nations
competed in one hundred events. No Games were held in 1916 due to World War I, but the
Games enjoyed renewed growth after the war. At the 1928 Games in Amsterdam there were
more than two hundred women among the three thousand athletes, more than double the
number that took part in 1924. The Olympic Games were suspended again for twelve years
because of World War II, resuming in 1948 in London.
The post-war era saw gradual growth in the number of countries and athletes competing
with a dramatic increase in the number of women’s events. New sports were introduced and
professional sportsmen and women were allowed to compete. Popularity for the Games spread
through all five continents and competition to hold the Games became intense, with countries
from each corner of the globe vying to be the next Olympic host.
Controversy has plagued the Olympic movement since the early 1970s with countries boycotting
a number of Games for political reasons. However, over the last two decades, normality has
returned and the organisers of the 2012 London Olympics are looking forward to a successful
and memorable Olympic Games.

Questions 26–40
Complete the following sentences writing no more than THREE words and/or a
number taken from the text.

26 The word “Olympic” is derived from a ............................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in Greece.

27 According to historians, the first winner of the Olympic Games was also

a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......................................................... .

28 Later on, only . . ........................................................................................... could compete in certain events.

29 The winners received a ............................................................................................. .

30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...................................................... was the original date for the first modern Olympics.

31 In April 1896, the King of Greece launched the first Games of

the . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................................................................ .

32 The five . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................ circles symbolise five continents.

33 In London, a . . . . . ........................................................................................ was constructed for the 1908 Games.

34 From 1924 to 1928, the number of .................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . taking part in

the Games had more than doubled.

35 After World War II ............................................................................................. increased for the Olympic

Games.

9
*p38739A0920* Turn over
Indicate your answers to the questions below by marking the box . If you change your mind
about an answer, put a line through the box and indicate your new answer with a cross .
36 The Games were held for the first time in London in…

A 1896.
B 1908.
C 1948.

37 The first Olympic event was over approximately…

A 200 metres.
B 400 metres.
C 1,500 metres.

38 The Games became popular outside Greece due to…

A Coroebus of Elis.
B Alexander the Great.
C Emperor Theodosius.

39 The original Olympic Games came to an end as a result of…

A the conquests of Alexander the Great.

B the Roman occupation of Greece.
C World War I.

40 The Olympic movement has experienced difficulties in recent times due to…

A intense competition.
B increasing costs.
C international politics.

(Total for Part 3 = 15 marks)

TOTAL FOR READING = 40 MARKS

10
*P38739A01020*
BLANK PAGE

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*p38739A01120* Turn over
WRITING

Part 4
You are writing an article for your school magazine on a recent school exchange visit. In
your article
• give details of your journey
• describe one thing you did with your host family
• say why you think such exchange visits are important.
You must write between 100 and 150 words.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .