SOCIAL DIMENSIONS OF EDUCATION

1) The maxim “Know Thyself” was popularized by Socrates. Which of the following statements do you
think would aptly describe it?
a. The individual knows about the subject matter of the course.
b. He has a grasp of the strategies he will apply in teaching the course.
c. He knows the rules and regulations of the school he is currently connected with.
d. He is aware of his strengths and weaknesses, capabilities and skills in teaching the
course.

2) The first kindergarten also known as “a garden where children could grow” was the product of
research by:
a. Pestalozzi c. Herbart
b. Rousseau d. Froebel

3) According to John Deweys “education is a continuous process of experiencing and revising or

reorganizing experiences.” This means that education ___.
a. may take place anywhere and anytime the individual so desires
b. is never completed and goes on throughout life
c. make take place formally or informally to enable the individual to grow
d. takes place in the school where the individual is exposed to specific, self-contained
experiences

4) Democracy in education from the Christian perspective is viewed as ___.

a. equal education for men and women
b. education controlled by the state
c. education is subsidized by the state
d. education of all human beings without distinction of sex, age, race, rank, social economic
or political status

5) Education entrepreneurs are beginning to realize the significance of pre-school education in terms
of their influence to later training. Hence, they try to make learning as meaningful to the
learner as possible. Whose philosophy of education is most apt in this particular situation?
a. Plato’s c. Emmanuel Kant’s
b. Aristotle’s d. John Dewey’s

6) With whose ideas is the development of contemporary curriculum program in elementary education
primarily associated?
a. Edward Thorndike c. John Dewey
b. Henry Barnard d. Horace Mann

7) In content, this movement initiated a systematic objective analysis of curriculum materials in order
to determine scientifically what should be taught. This refers to ____.
a. Rationalism
b. Developmentalism
c. Scientific determinism
 d. Social experimentalism

8) With whose philosophy was pragmatism identified?

a. Binet c. Dewey
b. Terman d. Pestalozzi

9) Education is a continuous process of experiencing and of receiving or reorganizing experiences,

according to John Dewey. Which of the following situations is apt to happen in education as
influenced Dewey’s philosophy?
a. education takes place in the school where the individual is exposed to specific, self-
contained experiences
b. education may take place anywhere and anytime the individual so desires
c. education is never completed and goes on throughout life
d. education may take place informally to enable the individual to grow

10) Ms. Constantino regards the student as a spiritual entity and as part of the larger spiritual universe.
To what philosophy does Ms. Constantino subscribe?
a. Existentialism c. Realism
b. Idealism d. Pragmatism

11) Who among the following believes that learning requires disciplined attention, regular homework,
and respect for legitimate authority?
a. Perennialist c. Essentialist
b. Reconstructionalist d. Progressivist

12) Teacher B is concerned with conceptual matters since reality is mental. Teacher B’s thinking is
quite.
a. Pragmatic c. Existential
b. Realistic d. Idealistic

13) Who among the following stressed the processes of experience and problem solving?
a. Plato c. Aristotle
b. Dewey d. Hegel

14) Dr. Melgo emphasizes to his students the importance of deep personal reflection on one’s
commitments and choices. Dr. Melgo subscribes to which philosophy?
a.Pragmatism c. Idealism
b.Existentialism d. Realism

15) Teacher A believes that creation of knowledge is by way of the learner’s interaction with their
environment. Teacher A is more of ___.
a. an idealist c. an existentialist
b. a pragmatist d. a realist

16) Which of the following does not refer to existentialism?

a. social existence means anarchy and violence
b. existence means creativity and uniqueness
 c. existence means self-choice and self-determination
d. each man shapes his own life and destiny

17) “Life is what you make it”. What you become is up to you. This thought comes from the –
a. Existentialist c. idealist
b. Realist d. philosophical analyst

18) Ms. Rochelle Esteban views her students as a unique and responsible individual. She plans
activities and structures her teaching in such manner that her students and develops her
uniqueness. Which theory does she uphold?
a. Perennialism c. existentialism
b. Realism d. essentialism

19) Ms. Margarette Cassi is a firm believer of Roussean theory that education should be according to
nature. To be in accord with nature, which of the following will Ms. Cassi do?
a.treat the child as little adults
b.treat the child as a “noble savage”
c. treat the child as though he was little adult
d. treat the child according to the laws of growth and development

20) Ms. Geraldine Saladas is pragmatic teacher. Which of the following ideas will she reject?
a.that knowledge is produced by a transaction between man and his environment
b. the values must alter as culture and societies must change
c. that the mind is passive and receptive
d. that what word best is true

21) The Philippine Elementary School Curriculum (NESC) gives greater emphasis on the development
of basic skills specially the 3 R’s. What is the philosophical basis for this?
a. Essentialism c. existentialism
b. Progressivism d. reconstructionism

22) Values Education is an additional subject in the Philippine New Secondary Curriculum. Which
educational philosophy justifies this change in the curriculum?
a. Humanism c. existentialism
b. Reconstructionism d. progressivism

23) John Dewey advocates which of the following?

a. something is true if it works
b. morality is for persons
c. everything in this world is tentative, a series of means and ends
d. what is right or wrong depends on the situation

24) Your teacher is of the opinion that the world and everything in it are ever changing and so teaches
you the skill to cope with change. Which is his governing philosophy?
a. Existentialism c. idealism
b. Realismd. experimentalism
25) On which theory is the logical sequencing of curriculum based?
a. Perennialism c. essentialism
b. Progressivism d. reconstructionism

26) “Do not teach too many subjects. What you teach, teach thoroughly” said one philosopher. The
primary reason behind the advice is to insure that teachers –
a. cover all the PELC’S/PSLC’s
b. relate their lessons to their student’s daily life
c. avoid failing grades
d. avoid spoon feeding their students

27) The back-to-basic curriculum is in essence a (an) ____ curriculum.

a.Existentialist c. essentialist
b.Progressivist d. perennialist

28) “Approach every pupil as she/he is without allowing yourself to be influenced by your
foreknowledge of his/her home background” is an advice from –
a. essentialist
b. rationalist
c. positivist
d. existentialist-phenomenologist

29) Sometimes it may better to make wrong decisions when a decision is urgent to make a “right”
decision too late” a thought encouraged by the –
a. rationalist c. realist
b. progressivist d. existentialist

30) After having been humiliated by his teacher, student B evaluates that teacher very poorly despite
teacher’s excellent performance. Which trait is illustrated B’s behavior?
a. rationalism c. personalism
b. impersonalism d. particularism

31) Jones, age 7, was removed from her class for frequent fights with other children. She refused to
be disciplined and was to focus in class only for a very short time. She also has frequent tantrums.
She is suffering from –
a. mental retardation
b. down syndrome
c. attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
d. learning disability

32) The strengthening of liberal education which includes classical literature in the curriculum is based
on the though of ___.
a. rationalists c. humanists
b. hedonists d. stoics
33) Which philosophy approves of a teacher who lectures most of the time and requires his students to
memorize the rules of grammar?
a. pragmatism c. realism
b. existentialism d. idealism

34) The most popular among the pragmatist is –

a. John Dewey c. Edward Thorndike
b. William James d. Amos Comenius

35) He believes that we acquire knowledge of our world thorough our senses. His also the pioneer of
the inductive and scientific method.
a. John Comenius c. Jean Piaget
b. Johann Pestalozzi d. John Locke

36) He introduced the kindergarten or “child’s garden” to the educational system –

a. Maria Montessori c. Friedrich Froebel
b. Edward Paparazzi d. Johann Herbart

37) Curriculum correlation is a concept wherein subjects should be taught so it relates to other
subjects. The proponent of this concept is –
a. Johan Herbart c. John Comenius
b. Hermann Ebbinghaus d. Andrew Mc Birch

38) It is an area of philosophy which deals on the nature of knowledge and the best methods of
teaching is –
a. epistemologyc. metaphysics
b. ethics d. aesthetics

39) Honesty remains a value even if nobody in an organization values it. This pronouncement comes
from the mouth of a (an) ____.
a. pragmatist c. reconstructionist
b. idealist d. progressivist

40) A fresh graduate is usually idealistic. Which one will most likely inspire her cling to her idealism?
a. introduction of educational innovations
b. support of living models
c. pressure of work
d. high salary

41) People have ideas about the world and they learn these ideas by reflecting upon them, according
to the ____.
a. empiricist c. rationalist
b. existentialist d. pragmatist

42) Whose thought is this: “Although there is an external world from which human beings acquire
sensory information, ideas, originate from the working of the mind.”
a. rationalist c. empiricist
 b. existentialist d. pragmatist

43) If you believe that the child’s mind in TABULA RASA, in what processes will you engage the child
to learn?
a. sensory impressions c. reflections
b. reasoning d. metacognition

44) Which does the empiricist emphasize?

a. experience is the only source of knowledge
b. knowledge arises from the mind
c. knowledge is derived from reason without the aid of the senses
d. information is interpreted by the mind

45) Which of the following best describes the role of a teacher from a perennialist perspective?
a. to expose the learner to up-to-date information about Science and Math
b. to reveal the Wisdom of Ages such as those contained in the Bible/Koran
c. to assist the learner clarify his/her value priorities through self-analysis
d. to tell, interpret, or analyze complete information to the students

46) “Do not trust the senses since ideas arrived at only by reason” is an advice from the ____.
a. naturalist c. existentialist
b. rationalist d. empiricist

47) Which is a weakness of the Montessori approach?

a. fosters development of the cognitive skills
b. foster independence
c. emphasize verbal interaction
d. neglects children’s social development

48) According to the existentialist, every person is in the same predicament and has the same
possibilities. What does this imply?
a. every person must have access to education
b. every person must choose to go to college
c. every person must go through the same form of education
d. every person must go to college

49) Which groups of philosophers have opposite views?

a. rationalists and existentialist
b. rationalists and idealists
c. rationalists and naturalists
d. rationalists and empiricists

50) Progressivism considers the nature of the child. Which philosophy does NOT relate to this?
a. pragmatism c. humanism
b. essentialism d. naturalism
51) The inclusion of the study of Rizal and other national heroes in the school curriculum in order to
inculcate love of country is base on a (an) –
a. pragmatist philosophy
b. existentialist philosophy
c. idealist philosophy
d. realist philosophy

52) Who perpetuated the idea that reason is superior to experience as a source of knowledge, thus
schools must develop human reason?
e. Humanists c. Hedonists
f. Stoics d. Rationalists

53) Faith, hope, and love are values now and forever whether people will value them or not. Upon
what philosophy is this anchored?
g. Idealism c. Realism
h. Existentialism d. Pragmatism

54) His philosophy advocated a classical type of liberal education or the study of the humanities.
i. Irving Babbit c.. Jean Jacques Rousseau
j. John Dewey d. Aristotle

55) Whose philosophy expounded the concept of the Laboratory School?

k. Plato c. John Dewey
l. Jean Jacques Rousseau d. Irving Babbit

56) Whose philosophy influenced the present emphasis on Character Education and Values Education
in our school system?
m. Confucius c. Tagore
n. Gandhi d. Bonifacio

57) Who expounded the need to study the child carefully for individualized instruction?
o. Boccacio c. Ascham
p. Erasmus d. Da Feltre

58) Whose philosophy inspired the inclusion of Physical Education in the curriculum and the
replacement of lectures with textbooks?
q. Da Feltre c. Boccacio
r. Petrach d. Erasmus

59) He suggested that competition and award should be used to motivate people.
s. Aristotle c. Plato
t. Herbart d. Socrates

60) The idea of Practical Arts and Home Economics subjects for boys is the philosophy of ___.
a. Confucius c. Gandhi
b. Rizal d. Tagore
61) The world, as we experienced it, depends on how the mind perceive. This is according to:
u. Leibniz c. Berkeley
v. Hegel d. Spinoza

62) The “Golden Rule” was popularized by a Chinese philosopher and teacher named-
w. Mencius c. Confucius
x. Sun Yat-Sen d. Mao Tse Tung

63) Educators have realized the significance of pre-school education. Hence, they try to make learning
as meaningful to the learner as possible. Whose philosophy of education is most apt in this
particular situation?
y. Aristotle’s c. Plato’s
z. Emmanuel Kant’s d. John Dewey’s

64) The philosophy of adult education was conceived by:

aa. Gaffud c. Confucius
bb. Tagore d. Gandhi

65) Who among these Filipino philosophers contributed MOST to the nationalistic tint in our education
system?
cc. Jose Laurel c. Jose Rizal
dd. Andres Bonifacio d. Apolinario Mabini

66) Who pointed out that “education is life itself?”

ee. De la Salle c. Thorndike
ff. Socrates d. Dewey

67) “But seek ye first the kingdom of God, and His righteousness, and all these things shall be added
unto you.” This educational philosophy has been advocated by _____. He is considered as one
of the pioneer thinkers of education.
gg. Confucius c. Muhammad
hh. Jesus Christ d. Buddha

68) “Education is life,” “Education is growth,” “Education is a social process,” “Education is a

continuous reconstruction of experience.” This educational philosophy has been promoted by
_____ where he was also considered as one of the pioneer thinkers of education.
ii. Herbart c. Spencer
jj. William James d. John Dewey

69) “Mental activity is functional.” “Knowledge is instrumental.” “It is the consequences that make the
choice good or bad.” This educational philosophy has been promoted by _____ where he was also
considered as one of the pioneer thinkers of education.
kk. William James c. John Locke
ll. John Dewey d. Rousseau

70) “Knowledge that is best for use in life is also best for the development of power.” Emphasis on
physical education.” “Importance of science in the curriculum.” This educational philosophy has
 been promoted by _____ where he was also considered as one of the pioneer thinkers of
education.
mm. Socrates c. Plato
nn. Aristotle d. Spencer

71) “Self-activity as the means of development.” “Play, spontaneous activity, manual and industrial
development utilized to promote self-realization.” “Process of education determined by the nature
of the child.” This educational philosophy has been promoted by _____ where he was also
considered as one of the pioneer thinkers of education.
oo. Locke c. Froebel
pp. Comenius d. Herbart

72) “Doctrine of apperception.” “Education should be scientific.” “Mind is a unity, possessing by one
power, that of entering into relation with its environment.” This educational philosophy has been
promoted by _____ where he was also considered as one of the pioneer thinkers of education.
qq. Soren Kierkegaard c. Pestalozzi
rr. Herbart d. William James

73) “Education as the process of organized growth.” “All education should be founded upon the laws of
natural development of the child.” “Use of objects in teaching.” “Emphasis on method and
technique of teaching.” This educational philosophy has been promoted by _____ where he was
also considered as one of the pioneer thinkers of education.
ss. Pestalozzi c. Comenius
tt. Locke d. Rousseau

74) “Development of the child according to his nature.” “A man should live a simple life.” “The child,
the important factor in education.” “Use of instinctive tendencies as the starting point of education.”
This educational philosophy has been promoted by _____ where he was also considered as one of
the pioneer thinkers of education.
uu. Pestalozzi c. Comenius
vv. Locke d. Rousseau

75) “Tabula rasa” or “blank paper” theory – a child is born with a blank mind (neither good nor bad).”
“Education can shape the pupil according to the will of the teacher.” “Formal discipline (training
gained in one area can be applied in another area).” This educational philosophy has been
promoted by _____ where he was also considered as one of the pioneer thinkers of education.
ww.Pestalozzi c. Comenius
xx. Locke d. Rousseau

76) “Development of the whole man.” “Follow the order of nature.” “Train for character.” “Both sexes
should be included in education.” This educational philosophy has been promoted by _____ where
he was also considered as one of the pioneer thinkers of education.
yy. Pestalozzi c. Comenius
zz. Locke d. Rousseau

77) “The end of life is knowledge. Knowledge is virtue. Know thyself.” “Social and individual interests
should be harmonized.’ “Man’s life is rational and universal.” This educational philosophy has
 been promoted by _____ where he was also considered as one of the pioneer thinkers of
education.
aaa. Socrates c. Plato
bbb. Aristotle d. Spencer

78) “Each person should devote his life to that which he is best fitted to do.’ “The function of education
is to determine what each individual is by nature fitted to do.” “Social justice (give what is due to
whom it is due).” “Intellectual aristocracy (the rule of the intellectual elite).” This educational
philosophy has been promoted by _____ where he was also considered as one of the pioneer
thinkers of education.
ccc.Socrates c. Plato
ddd. Aristotle d. Spencer

79) “Virtue is not possession of knowledge but state of the will.” “The end of education is not
knowledge lane, but the union of the intellect and the will, or knowledge expressed in action.”
“Reality, not ideas but the performance, is the highest function.” “Adaptation of education to the
form of government.” “Objective and scientific not introspective method of education.” This
educational philosophy has been promoted by _____ where he was also considered as one of the
pioneer thinkers of education.
eee. Socrates c. Plato
fff. Aristotle d. Spencer

80) The following are pragmatic educational philosophers except one:

ggg. James c. Schiller
hhh. Dewey d. Rousseau

81) He was a member of the Catholic clergy and professor of philosophy at the University of
Wittenburg, nailed his ninety-five theses at the door of his church at Wittenburg in 1517 airing his
criticisms against the Catholic Church. He was:
iii. Mohammad c. Martin Luther
jjj. Jesuits d. Ricky Martin

82) He was known as the first modern educational reformer to advocate compulsory education.
kkk.Mohammad c. Martin Luther
lll. Jesuits d. Ricky Martin

83) He was known as the greatest scholar among the German school organizers, conducted a school
survey in Germany, probably the first school survey in the world, and came out with the so-called
Saxony plan.
mmm. Sturm c. Melanchthon
nnn. Martin Luther d. Copernicus

84) This verbal realist proposed a very comprehensive curriculum composed of a wide range of
physical exercises, sports and games, the Bible and religious exercises, instrumental music,
intellectual readings form ancient literature in science, history, mathematics, and astronomy and
literature in Latin, Greek, Hebrew, Chaldaic, and Arabic languages. He is:
ooo. Juan Luis Vives c. Francois Rabelais
 ppp. John Milton d. Copernicus

85) This verbal realist advocated the study of ancient learning and classics in Latin, Greek, Hebrew,
Chaldaic, Syrian and Italian; natural science, social science, philosophy, morality, religion and
physical education for the military. He is:
qqq. Juan Luis Vives c. Francois Rabelais
rrr. John Milton d. Copernicus

86) One of the agencies of education during the sense realism is the “model educational institution for
scientific investigations.” This school was drawn up:
sss.Bacon c. Mulcaster
ttt. Comenius d. Hecker

87) Another agencies education during the sense realism is the “six-year vernacular elementary
schools for all boys and girls, secondary schools and university. This school has been postulated
by:
a. Bacon c. Mulcaster
b. Comenius d. Hecker

88) Textbook was also considered as an important agency of education. This is according to:
c. Bacon c. Mulcaster
d. Comenius d. Hecker

89) It is a secondary school known as “Realschule” where pure and applied science dominated the
curriculum. This school was established by:
a. Bacon c. Mulcaster
b. Comenius d. Hecker

90) The following are great educational philosophers who espoused sense realism except one
a. John Locke c. Richard Mulcaster
b. Francis Bacond. Wolfgang Ratke

91) “Children must be studied thoroughly and their innate abilities respected.” This principle has been
postulated by:
a. Comenius c. Ratke
b. Bacon d. Mulcaster

92) “Education should appeal to the child’s natural interests.” This principle has been postulated by:
a. Comenius c. Ratke
b. Bacon d. Mulcaster

93) “All learning should follow the course of nature.” This principle has been advocated by:
a. Comenius c. Ratke
b. Bacon d. Mulcaster

94) He is the foremost champion of formal discipline. He believed that the process of acquiring
knowledge is more important than the knowledge acquired. He is:
 a. John Locke c. Richard Mulcaster
b. Francis Bacon d. Wolfgang Ratke

95) An Englishman that advances the idea that the mind of a child at birth is a blank tablet upon which
are printed or inscribed all the experiences of the child acquired through his senses.
a. Jean Jacques Rousseau c. John Locke
b. Richard Mulcaster d. Francis Bacon

96) The following are well-known rationalist except one:

a. Baron Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibnitz
b. Herbert of Cherbury
c. John Locke
d. Baruch Spinoza

97) He was Frenchman and has been considered as the outstanding champion of naturalism.
a. Jean Jacques Rousseau c. John Locke
b. Richard Mulcaster d. Francis Bacon

98) The end of life is knowledge, knowledge is virtue, know thyself for the unexamined life is not worth
living,” says –
a. Plato b. Socrates
c. Aristotle d. Heraclitus

99) The following are pragmatic educational philosophers except one:

a. James b. Schiller
c. Dewey d. Rousseau

100) The staunchest advocate of progressivism in education was:

a. James b. Schiller
c. Dewey d. Rousseau

101) The Father of Existentialism:

a. Soren Kierkegaard b. Pestalozzi
c. Herbart d. William James

102) “The school is the book which is written the future of the nations. Show us the schools of a
people and we will tell you what those people are.” This is a Filipino philosophy of education
postulated by ____.
a. Rizal b. Mabini
c. Rafael Palma d. Jorge Bacobo

103) “Thou shalt cultivate the special gifts which had bee granted thee, working and studying
according to thy ability, never leaving the path of righteousness and justice in order to attain thine
own perfection.” This is a Filipino philosophy of education advocated by ____.
a. Venancio Trinidad c. Jose Rizal
b. T. H. Pardo de Tavera d. Mabini
104) “Our education should instill love for work, spirit of tolerance, respect for law, love of peace,
and practice of thrift.” This is a Filipino philosophy of education postulated by ____.
a. Manuel L. Quezon c. Raul Magsaysay
b. T. H. Pardo de Tavera d. Raul Roco

105) “To my humble way of thinking education has for its supreme and overshadowing aim the
formulation of a sound and noble outlook of life.” This is a Filipino philosophy of education
postulated by ____.
a. Francisco Benetiz c. Jorge Bacobo
b. Rafael Palma d. Venancio Trinidad

106) “Education must secure freedom, efficiency, and happiness for all people.” This is a Filipino
philosophy of education advocated by ____.
a. Camilo Osias c. Juan Manuel
b. Manuel Laya d. Rafael Palma

107) “The qualities that distinguish the educated Filipinos of today are (1) power to do, (2)
knowledge of the part and current events, and (3) possession of the elements of conduct that are
the accomplishments of culture and morality.” This is a Filipino philosophy of education postulated
by ____.
a. Francisco Balagtas c. Benigno Aquino
b. Ferdinand Marcos d. Francisco Benetiz

108) “Education should aim to develop men and women who are as deeply concerned in the
development and uplift of our communities, particularly in the rural areas, as in the promotion of
their won personal or individual well-being.” This is a Filipino philosophy of education postulated by
____.
a. Ferdinand Marcos c. Venancio Trinidad b. Manuel Quezon
d. Rafael Palma

109) “Education should develop personality.” The teacher should study each pupil individually;
adapt schoolwork to the abilities and interests of pupils, hold quarterly conferences of teachers to
thoroughly assess pupil’s progress. These idea or philosophy is postulated by ____.
a. Juan Luis Vives c. Francois Rabelais
b. John Milton d. Michael Montaigne

110) “The aim of learning was the development of the whole man.” It is the incidental method of
teaching; all learning is to be made pleasant; learning facilitated through natural activities;
reasoning substituted for rote learning; and made use of reference books. These idea or
philosophy is advanced ____.
a. Francis Bacon c. Wolgang Ratke
b. Francois Rabelais d. Richard Mulcaster

111) “Education was to prepare for actual living.” Reading for content and for syntax; use of
resource person in the classroom; discussion and lectures by academic authorities.” These ideas
or philosophies were postulated by _____.
a. Rousseau c. Pestalozzi
 b. Comenius d. John Milton

112) The following are humanistic or verbal realists except:

a. Martin Luther d. John Milton
b. Juan Luis Vives e. all of these
c. Francois Rebalais f. none of these

113) “Children must be studied thoroughly and their innate abilities respected; make use of the
games, play and exercise for learning purposes.” These ideas or philosophies of education are
coming from _____.
a. Richard Mulcaster
b. Wolgang Ratke
c. John Amos Comenius
d. Francis Bacon

114) “The ultimate goal of education was eternal happiness with God and education should prepare
for the activities of life through knowledge; learning should start from the senses, learning should
proceed from known to unknown.” These ideas or philosophies of education were postulated by
____.
a. Richard Mulcaster
b. Wolgang Ratke
c. John Amos Comenius
d. Francis Bacon

115) “Give man dominance over things; He used the inductive method of learning.” These ideas or
philosophies of education were advanced by ____.
a. Richard Mulcaster
b. Wolgang Ratke
c. John Amos Comenius
d. Francis Bacon

116) “Developed a natural method of teaching; nothing is to be learned by rote; repetition must be
done as often as possible; and learning by the senses first and then exploration. These ideas or
philosophies of education were postulated by ____.
a. Richard Mulcaster
b. Wolgang Ratke
c. John Amos Comenius
d. Francis Bacon

117) The following are sense realist except:

a. Richard Mulcaster
b. John Amos Comenius
c. Wolgang Ratke
d. Francis Bacon
e. all of these
f. none of these
118) A German religious reformer, the inaugurator of the Protestant reformation, who insisted on
state-founded compulsory education for both sexes especially in the elementary level but also
compelled parents to send their children o school. He was ____.
a. John Comenius c. Martin Luther
b. Jean Jacques Rousseau d. John Lock

119) Taught in the court of school of Northern Italy and was believed to be one of the first teachers
to combine physical and mental activity in a school situation. He was _____.
a. Vittorino Da Feltre
b. Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi
c. John Dewey
d. Friedrich Froebel

120) He was known as educational reformer and a writer. His famous work, the Great Didactic
gives his theories and procedures of practical education. He was ____.
a. Johann Friedrich Herbart c. John Comenius
b. Desiderius Erasmus d. John Milton

121) An English philosopher known as “intellectual ruler of the 18 th century,” whose theories and
knowledge and political life are still widely felt. He protested against the time devoted to study
Latin and Greek and recommended a broader curriculum and physical training, and strongly
advocated the disciplinary theory of education. He was ____.
a. Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi
b. Machiavelli
c. Rene Descartes
d. John Locke

122) He was the first to develop an educational theory based on naturalistic approach. Few books
have exercised such profound influence on the theory and practice of education as he attached the
formal education and insisted on nature as the best guide to the educational process. He was
____.
a. Jean Jacques Rousseau
b. John Heinrich Pestalozzi
c. Johann Friedrich Herbart
d. Gottfried Wilheim von Leinbniz

123) In his aim to “psychologized education” he combined physical, moral, intellectual and manual
work. His major emphasis on helping children to learn by experience and observation, rather than
by verbalism and memorization. He was ____.
a. Johann Friedrich Herbart
b. Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi
c. Friedrich Froebel
d. John Amos Comenius

124) His central principle was the ideas are developed in the mind through external stimuli, and that
ideas have a dynamic force, which reaches out for new ideas. Based on this principle, the
teacher’s task is to select ideas in accordance with the pupil’s background, to arouse the interests
 of the pupils, and gradually to build ideas into a moral and intellectual structure. He advocated the
culture-epoch theory, based on the premise that the growth of children corresponds to the
development of culture through the ages. To put his theory to practice, he formulated five formal
steps of instruction: preparation, presentation, association, generalization and application. He was
____.
a. Johann Friedrich Herbart
b. Friedrich Froebel
c. Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi
d. John Amos Comenius

125) His theory was based on the concept of the absolute as a creative force, of which the child’s
nature is a part. The function of the teacher is to promote the growth of the child as a human plant
in the direction of its own inner laws of growth. He stressed creative self-development and
spontaneous activity, making or unfolding the best in the child. He formulated a philosophy of
development in his Education of Man, Pedagogic of the Kindergarten, and Education by
Development. He was ___
a. Jean Jacques Rousseau
b. Friedrich Froebel
c. Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi
d. Juan Luis Vives

126) “The school is a preparation for life, it is life,” and “the school cannot be a preparation for social
life except as it produces the typical conditions of life.” In other words, education must start with the
interests, activities and experiences of the child, and the process is participating in-group and
social activities, in order to develop intelligent members of democracy. These ideas or philosophy
of education was postulated by ____.
a. John Dewey c. John Locke b. John Comenius d. John
Prats

127) A French philosopher, who defined his plan of education in Emile, saw the child as an offspring
of nature. His writings represented an attack as an age of reason, gave impetus to the romantic
moment by emphasizing feelings. He was ___
a. Gottfried Wilheim von Leinbniz
b. John Dewey
c. Rene Descartes
d. Jean Jacques Rousseau

128) He was the “Father of Modern Philosophy,” whose first task was to work out his “rational
scheme.” His method consists of harnessing the power of the mind with a special set of rulers. He
insisted upon the necessity of method upon systematic and orderly thinking. H was ____.
a. Michel Montaigne
b. Rene Descartes
c. John Amos Comenius
d. Jean Jacques Rousseau

129) He was a French essayist and thinker regarded as the “Father of Modern Essay.” He was also
one of the pioneers of the autobiography. He was convinced of the importance of introspection, of
 examining one’s own experiences in order to determine values and rules of conduct, and of
communicating one’s self-knowledge to others. He was ____.
a. Richard Mulcaster c. Erasmus
b. Martin Luther d. Michel Montaigne

130) He defined education as a natural, symmetrical, and harmonious development of the faculties
of the child. According to him, sense perception was the real foundation of knowledge and
observation was to be the basis of all instruction. His most important contribution to education was
his concept that teachers must respect the individuality of every child and must base discipline
upon love. He was ___.
a. John Amos Comenius
b. Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi
c. Johann Friedrich Herbart
d. John Dewey

131) He was an English educator-philosopher. He believed that the aim of every educational
activity was the search for truth. According to him, the attainment of truth should be guided by
reason and the mind is capable of obtaining and formulating reason. His education revolved
around the child’s moral development and formulation of desirable habits. He was ____.
e. John Dewey
f. Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi
g. John Locke
h. John Amos Comenius

132) He was a follower of Pestalozzi and later came an administrator in the kindergarten school
where he applied the principles of Pestalozzi. He placed great emphasis on self-activity among
children. The curriculum included games, plays, song and work. He emphasizes activities like
manipulation of objects and more freedom in the classroom. He was also known as the “Father of
Kindergarten.” He was ____.
a. Maria Montessori c. Herbart
b. Froebel d. Dewey

133) He was a German sense realist. He advocated the use of vernacular in instruction to enable
the child to learn other lessons. He emphasized mastery through repetition and memorization. He
was ____.
a. Wolfgang Ratke c. Pestalozzi
b. Comenius d. Rousseau

134) The end of knowledge is not knowledge alone. It is the union of the innate intellect of the
individual and his will. It is knowledge expression in action. This education philosophy was
postulated by ____.
a. Plato c. Socrates
b. Confucius d. Aristotle

135) He said “development of the whole man before he becomes professional.” He said further that
both boys and girls should be included in education regardless of their socio-economic status.
 Moreover, according to him, “Effective learning is done through the use of vernacular” and
postulated the use of visual aids in classroom teaching.” He was ____.
a. Confucius c. Comenius
b. Rousseau d. Erasmus

136) He said “Development of moral and ethical principles to promote peace and order and to
preserve human dignity.” He also postulated the golden rule for all men to follow “treat others as
you wish them to treat you.” He was ____.
a. Plato c. Socrates b. Confucius d. Aristotle
137) “Man is by nature good and virtuous. Everything is good as it comes from the hand of the
author nature.” This educational philosophy was postulated by ____.
a. Michel Montaigne
b. Rene Descartes
c. John Amos Comenius
d. Jean Jacques Rousseau

138) “Learning was spontaneous, meaning that children had an inner need to work at that which
interested them with the prodding of teachers or the use of rewards and punishments. The
curricula included three major types, activities and experiences: practical skills, sensory and
muscular skills developed through repetitive exercise and formal skills.” This concept of education
has been postulated by ____.
a. Maria Montessori c. Pestalozzi
b. Rene Descartes d. John Dewey

139) He was a German philosopher known for his contribution to moral development in education
and for highly structured methodology of teaching. For him, the chief aim of education was moral
development, to produce a good person with varied interest. He was ____.
a. Froebel c. Herbart
b. Rousseau d. Dewey

140) “Knowledge acquired that is best for use in life is also best for the development of power. He
opposed to free public education; those who really want an education should work hard to acquire
the means to attain it.” This philosophical thought has been postulated by ____.
a. Locke c. Comenius
b. Dewey d. Spencer

141) One of the agencies of education during the sense realism is the “model educational institution
for scientific investigations.” This school was drawn up:
a. Bacon c. Mulcaster
b. Comenius d. Hecker

142) Another agencies education during the sense realism is the “six-year vernacular elementary
schools for all boys and girls, secondary schools and university. This school has been advocated
by:
a. Bacon c. Mulcaster
b. Comenius d. Hecker
143) Textbook was also considered as an important agency of education. This is according to:
a. Bacon c. Mulcaster
b. Comenius d. Hecker

144) It is a secondary school known as “Realschule” where pure and applied science dominated
the curriculum. This school was established by:
a. Bacon c. Mulcaster
b. Comenius d. Hecker

145) The following are great educational philosophers who espoused sense realism except one
a. John Locke c. Richard Mulcaster
b. Francis Bacon d. Wolfgang Ratke

146) “Children must be studied thoroughly and their innate abilities respected.” This principle has
been advocated by:
a. Comenius c. Ratke
b. Bacon d. Mulcaster

147) “Education should appeal to the child’s natural interests.” This principle has been advocated by:
a. Comenius c. Ratke
b. Bacon d. Mulcaster

148) “All learning should follow the course of nature.” This principle has been advocated by:
a. Comenius c. Ratke
b. Bacon d. Mulcaster

149) The use of inductive method of learning has been advocated by:
a. Comenius c. Ratke
b. Bacon d. Mulcaster

150) He is the foremost champion of formal discipline. He believed that the process of acquiring
knowledge is more important than the knowledge acquired. He is:
a. John Locke c. Richard Mulcaster
b. Francis Bacon d. Wolfgang Ratke

151) The following are well-known rationalist except one:

i. Baron Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibnitz
j. John Locke
k. Herbert of Cherbury
l. Baruch Spinoza

152) He was Frenchman and has been considered as the outstanding champion of naturalism.
a. Jean Jacques Rousseau c. John Locke
b. Richard Mulcaster d. Francis Bacon
153) The teacher should be a fellow worker with God in perfecting man. At times he/she becomes the
very father or mother of the pupil’s soul. His/hers is the task of perfecting mind, the highest form of
existence in the common. Which theory advocates this role of the teacher?
a. Idealism b. Naturalism
c. Realism d. Pragmatism

154) According to one of its popular exponents, it is the educator’s responsibility to see equally two
things in the problem-solving method. First, that the problem grows not of the condition of the
experience being had I the present and that is within the capacity of the students. Secondly, that is
such that if arouses in the learner an active quest for information and for production of new ideas.
To which school of thought do these ideas belong?
a. Naturalism b. Realism
c. Idealism d. Pragmatism

155) The curriculum is a means of forming desirable habits. The objectives of the curriculum are
habits or tendencies to acquire use, and enjoy truth. It is suggested that the way to form these
habits is by mastery of organized subject matter. Which theory advocates this view of the
curriculum?
a. Essentialism b. Idealism
c. Realism d. Pragmatism

156) Its proponents advocate devising in the education process like Kenneth H. Henderson’s model in
the teaching of concepts. In the use of this model, the context of the concept must be taken fully
into account because it may otherwise change the meaning of the name given the concept. The
model also distinguishes “connotative” concept. Which theory recommends this method of
education?
a. Language Analysis c. Essentialism
b. Existentialism d. Idealism

157) The curriculum should concentrate on the basic such reading, writing and arithmetic in the
elementary, and expansion and continuation of the basics to include humanities in the secondary
level. Which theory recommends this type of the curriculum?
a. Perennialism c. Essentialism
b. Existentialism d. Reconstructionism

158) Teachers should constantly examine or re-examine their strategies and techniques in the
classroom. Empirical researchers should be done on the effectiveness of teaching and teachers.
Which theory prescribes this view?
a. Perennialism c. Essentialism
b. Existentialism d. Reconstructionism

159) Education should be active and related to the needs and interests of the learners. Learning
occurs amidst movements and activities. The teacher’s participation is very minimal because the
pupils dominate the class activities. Which theory recommends this type of educative process?
a. Existentialism b. Progressivism
c. Perennialism d. Essentialism
160) The teacher is a personification of reality in the classroom, reality, in this belief, is regarded as a
creation of the Absolute Mind. In effect, pupils learn through imitation, interest, effort, and
discipline. The teacher is to be emulated. Which is the principal exponent of this role of the
Teacher?
a. Pragmatism b. Realism
c. Naturalism d. Idealism

161) Education is considered both a basic need and right of citizens. This implies that the state should
provide for schools so that children will have access to education and satisfy this basic need and
exercise their right. Which philosophy advocates this belief?
a. Realism b. Idealism
c. Naturalism d. Pragmatism

162) Student needs a passionate encounter with the perennial problems of the life, the agony and joy
of life, the reality of choice; the anguish of freedom, the consequences of actions; and even the
inevitability of death. Both the beautiful and ugly of the positive and negative sides of life should be
stressed in the educative process. Whose belief is this in education?
a. Essentialism b. Perennialism
c. Realism d. Existentialism

163) This Philosophy believes that ideas are innate to the individual. Hence, the true essence of the
Socratic dialoguem dialogue (questioning method) is analogous to midwifery—to out ideas from the
learner. Which school of thought underlies this belief?
a. Realism b. Language Analysis
c. Idealism d. Nationalism

164) The curriculum should include only those, which have survived the test and combine the symbols
and ideas of literature, history and mathematics with the sciences of the physical word, such
curriculum contains virtues that are deemed universal and unchanging. With theory prescribes this
nature of the curriculum?
a. Essentialism c. Reconstructionalism
b. Perennialism d. Realism

165) Teachers regard themselves as surrogate parents along the “loco parents” principle. This belief
stems from the view that education starts from the home with parents as the first teachers, and is
continued in the school, a social institution that should provide sustained guidance and protection
to the young learner. This implies that parents have the primary responsibility of educating their
children. Which school of thought espouses this nature of education?
a. Pragmatism b. Realism
c. Naturalism d. Idealism

166) The teacher presents principles and values and the reason for them encouraging students to
examine them in order to choose for themselves whether or not to accept them, to choose fro
themselves whether or not to accept them the teacher’s role is to offer knowledge. Which theory
advocates this role of teacher?
a. Reconstructionism c. Idealism
b. Essentialism d. Existentialism
167) The class identifies a social or economic problem requiring an urgent solution; discuss various
means of solving it; arrives at a consensus on the means of solving the problems; and sets out to
effect the solution in the community to eradicate the problem. The end viewers to effect change in
the community to make it a better place to live in. Which theory recommends this educative
process?
a. Progressivism c. Essentialism
b. Reconstructionism d. Idealism

168) The school provide for group thinking in a democratic atmosphere at that foster cooperative
learning than competitive learning. Scientific methods of inquiry compliment such atmosphere in
the student’s quest for shared experience. Which theory advocates this view?
a. Progressivism b. Existentialism
c. Essentialism d. Perennialism

169) Growth, through the reconstruction of experiences, is the nature, and should be open-minded
goal of education. Education should lead to more education, initial educative experience should
contribute to a succeeding more effective experience. The character of learning as implied here is
episodic. Which philosophy advocates this goal of education?
a. Idealism b. Existentialism
c. Pragmatism d. Realism

170) When a teacher views the learner as a unique free choosing and responsible individual made us
of intellect and emotion, the former would set up situation in the classroom where the learner can
develop these aspects of his individuality. What theory underlies this nature of the learner?
a. Idealism b. Realism
c. Essentialism d. Existentialism

171) The classroom is viewed as a miniature society where pupils engage in problem-solving activities
reflective of the personal and social experiences of the children. The emphasis in this classroom is
on the acquisition of skills, which can help them solve own real-life problems. Which educational
theory is referred to here?
a. Progressivism b. Essentialism
c. Idealism d. Naturalism

172) The essence of education is reason and intuition. This implies that education should concentrate
on developing the rational faculty since man’s most distinctive characteristic is his ability is his
ability to reason. It follows that education should employ methods of mental discipline and the
teacher should be an authority of his subject matter. Which educational theory adheres to this
position?
a. Existentialism c. Essentialism
b. Perennialism d. Progressivism

173) Which education philosophy emphasizes adjustment to and ever changing society?
a. Idealism b. Realism
c. Pragmatism d. Essentialism
174) How do you describe the curriculum in a realistic school?
a. subject-centered c. society-centered
b. society-centered d. school-centered

175) Which group of teacher will favor the transmission of subject matter?
a. Essentialism and Perennialism
b. Pragmatism and Progressivism
c. Essentialism and Progressivism
d. Pragmatism and Perennialism

176) Mr. Vela puts so much importance on discipline and values development. What could be his
education philosophy?
a. Pragmatism b. Progressivism
c. Realism d. Idealism

177) Mrs. Reyes is a pragmatic teacher what could be her major or outstanding characteristic?
a. Model of moral and intellectual

b. Authority in the classroom

c. Master of subject
d. Socially aware

178) Mr. Avila is a Realistic teacher. In which learning activities will her students engage?
a. Discussion of controversial issues

b. Visiting poor communities

c. Hands-on activities
d. observation and imitation

179) Mrs. Flores believes that is very necessary for the students to know the laws of nature because
these will help them solve their problem. What could be her basic educational philosophy?
a. Progressivism b. Idealism
c. Pragmatism d. Essentialism

180) Why does a teacher need to have a philosophy of education?

a. It makes her knowledgeable

b. it serves as basis in making

decision
c. It allows her to become credible

d. it develops her self-concept and

esteem

181) What is a distinct-feature of Montessori education?

a. The pupils study their lesson at the
same time
 b. The pupils are exposed to
manipulate activities
c. The pupils are encourage to
emulate others
d. The pupils are given more
opportunities to learn through competition

182) Herbert stressed the principle of apperception. How does a teacher apply it?
e. By using motivation techniques
f. By reviewing the learner about
concepts related to the present lesson
g. By making the learner formulate
generalization
h. By letting the learner apply what
they learned

183) Who were the educational philosophers who gave much consideration to the learner?
i. Plato, Ratke
j. Confucius, Rousseau, Montessori

k. Froebel, Montessori
l. Herbart, Pestalozzi, Ratke

184) Miss Cruz believes that “what is true today may no longer be true tomorrow.” What learning
objective will she stress?
m. Development of thinking skills
n. Development of moral character
o. Acquisition of knowledge
p. Acquisition of information

185) Mrs. Cruz is a realist teacher while Miss David is a pragmatic teacher. In what respect are they
similar?
q. Both emphasize the development
of self
r. Both emphasize on learning by
doing
s. Both emphasize on the importance
of knowledge
t. Both emphasize on recalling and
instruction