Numerical Based on
SHM
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS AND
NANOTECHNOLOGY SRM INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE
AND TECHNOLOGY
18PYB201T - Waves and Optics Module-I, Lecture-4
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18PYB201T Module-I Lecture-4
Q1: If, in a spring-mass system, the spring
constant is 50 Nm-1 and the block of mass 1 kg
is displaced by 0.01 m to the right before being
released, calculate the (a) restoring force at t =
0, (b) restoring force when the block travels to
the other extreme, and (c) The restoring force in
the static equilibrium position.
Q2: A 50 g mass vibrates in SHM at the end of
a spring. The amplitude of the motion is 12 cm
and the period is 0.1 minutes. Find the
maximum speed of the mass. What will be the
speed at x = A/2?
Q3: A particle of mass 0.2 kg undergoes SHM
according to the equation: x t = 3sin (πt + π 4 )
then (a) What is the amplitude of oscillation? (b)
What is the time period of oscillation? (c) What
is the initial value of x? (d) What is the initial
velocity when the SHM starts? (e) At what
instants is the particle’s energy purely kinetic?
Q4: A block, whose mass is 680 g, is fastened
to a spring whose spring constant k is 65N/m.
The block is pulled a distance x = 11 cm from its
equilibrium position at x = 0 on a frictionless
horizontal surface and released from rest at t =
0. a)What is the total mechanical energy of the
oscillator? b) What is the potential energy when
the block is halfway to its end- point? c) What is
the kinetic energy when the block is halfway to
its end- point?
Solved Numerical
Q1: I f, in a spring-mass system, the spring
constant is 50 Nm-1 and the block of mass 1 kg
is displaced by 0.01 m to the right before being
released, calculate the (a) restoring force at t =
0, (b) restoring force when the block travels to
the other extreme, and (c) The restoring force in
the static equilibrium position.
Sol: ( a) If x is taken as positive to the right of
the mean position, then the restoring force is
given by F = -kx = -50 x 0.01 = - 0.5N (b)
Similarly, the restoring force is given by
F = -kx = -50 x -0.01 = 0.5N (c) At the mean
position, x = 0 F = -kx = -50 x 0 = 0
18PYB201T Module-I Lecture-4
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Solved Numerical
50 g mass vibrates in SHM at the end of
Q2: A
a spring. The amplitude of the motion is 12 cm
and the period is 0.1 minutes. Find the
maximum speed of the mass. What will be the
speed at x = A/2?
Sol:
1
ω = 2πv = (0.1x60)
=
ωA = 1.047
vmax =
1.047 rad s−1
x 12 =
Also
m m/s
0.1256 s v = ω2
(A2−x2) v = ω
3 ωA =
(A2−(A/2)2) = 4
18PYB201T Module-I Lecture-4
3 0.1256 = 0.0942
4 5
Solved Numerical
particle of mass 0.2 kg undergoes SHM
Q3: A
according to the equation: x t = 3sin (πt + π 4 )
then (a) What is the amplitude of oscillation? (b)
What is the time period of oscillation? (c) What
is the initial value of x? (d) What is the initial
velocity when the SHM starts? (e) At what
instants is the particle’s energy purely kinetic?
Sol: (a) Comparing the given equation with x t =
Asin (ωt + δ) the amplitude,
A = 3 ( b) On comparing with x t = Asin ωt + δ , ω
= π then,
2π = 2π = 2s
T = (c) Initial ω π
conditions are at t = 0
x 0 = 3sin π0 + π 4 = 1.5 2 m
18PYB201T Module-I Lecture-4
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Solved Numerical
(d) Initial Velocity , V at t = 0
d(x(t))
vt=
= d(3sin πt +π 4 )
dt v 0 = 3πsin dt π0 +π 4
= 3πsin 3π
= 2
πt + π 4
(e) The energy is purely kinetic when the
particle is at the mean position, i.e. when x(t) =
0.
x 0 = 3sin πt + π 4
πt + π 4 = 0,π,2π,3π,4π .....
1 ,3 ,7 ,11 .....
t = − 4 4 4 4 Rejecting the negative
value of t, we get t = 3/4, 7/4, 11/4... At these
instants, the particle crosses origin and hence
its energy is purely kinetic.
18PYB201T Module-I Lecture-4
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Solved Numerical
block, whose mass is 680 g, is fastened
Q4: A
to a spring whose spring constant k is 65N/m.
The block is pulled a distance x = 11 cm from its
equilibrium position at x = 0 on a frictionless
horizontal surface and released from rest at t =
0. a)What is the total mechanical energy of the
oscillator? b) What is the potential energy when
the block is halfway to its end-point? c) What is
the kinetic energy when the block is halfway to
ol: a) Total Energy E is given
its end-point? S
1 kA
by b) Potential Energy E = U 2is given 2 =
by
1 x 65 x 0.11 2
2 = 0.393J
1 kx 1
c) Potential U = 2 Energy 2 = E = is 2given
k(A/2)
by
1 kA 1 x 65 x 0.11 2
2
= 8 2 = 8 = 0.098J
T = E − U = 0.393 − 0.098 = 0.295J
18PYB201T Module-I Lecture-4
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