Algebra 2 Honors Roots of Real Name__________________

Radicals Notes 1 (6.1)

Numbers
Warm Up
Simplify:
1
a. √16 b. √ c. −√16 d. √0.16
16

EXAMPLE 1 – Solving Quadratic Equations

Solve.
a. 𝑥 2 = 36 b. 𝑥2 + 9 = 0 c. 3𝑥 2 + 7 = 0

1. An nth root of b is a solution of the equation𝑥 𝑛 = 𝑏

2. a. If n is even and b > 0, there are two real nth roots of b
𝑛
The principal (or positive) nth root of b is denoted √𝑏
𝑛
The other nth root of b is denoted − √𝑏
𝑛
b. If n is even and b = 0, there is one nth root: √0 = 0
c. If n is even and b < 0, there is no real nth root of b
3. If n is odd, there is exactly one real nth root of b, where b is positive,
negative, or zero

EXAMPLE 2 – Principal Roots

Simplify.
3 4 5
a. √ 9 b. √125 c. √−16 d. √−243

𝒏
√𝒃
Properties of Radicals
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
1. ( √𝑏) = 𝑏, because √𝑏 satisfies the equation𝑥 𝑛 = 𝑏

𝑛
2. √𝑏 𝑛 = 𝑏 if n is odd
𝑛
3. √𝑏 𝑛 = |𝑏|if n is even, because the principal nth root is always
nonnegative for even values of n
EXAMPLE 3 – Using Properties of Radicals
Determine whether each statement is True or False.
4
a. √𝑤 2 = |𝑤| b. √𝑦 4 = 𝑦 2 c. ( 4√𝑦) = |𝑦|

3 4 4 5 5
d. √𝑥 3 = |𝑥| e. (√|𝑦|) = 𝑦 f. ( √𝑧) = 𝑧

EXAMPLE 4 – Domain
For what values of x does each expression represent a real number?
3
a. √4 − 𝑥 b. √4 − 𝑥 2 c. √4 − 𝑥 2 d. √4 + 𝑥 2
Algebra 2 Honors Properties Name__________________
Radicals Notes 2 (6.2)
of Radicals

Warm Up
Find the Prime Factorization of each
a. 18 b. 32 c. 220 d. 176

Produce and Quotient Properties of Radicals

𝑛 𝑛
If √𝑎 and √𝑏 are real numbers then:

𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
1. √𝑎𝑏 = √𝑎 ∙ √𝑏
𝑛
𝑛 𝑎 √𝑎
2. √𝑏 = 𝑛
√𝑏

EXAMPLE 2 – Simplifying nth Roots

Simplify.
3
4 4 √250 3
a. √27 ∙ √9 b. 3 c. √104 d. 5√24 ∙ 3√8
√2

4
3 81 5 3 √10 5 7
e. √ f. √ g. 4 h. √
8 4 √27 8
 12 3 𝑥3𝑦 4 7𝑎2 𝑏 10
i. √18𝑚3 j. k. √ l. √
√5𝑎 5𝑧 2 64𝑥 5

m. √16𝑥 2 − 64𝑦 2 n. √5𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 30

Algebra 2 Honors Sums of Name__________________
Radicals Notes 3 (6.3)
Radicals

SUMS AND DIFFERENCES OF RADICALS

EXAMPLE 1 – Adding Radicals with Real Numbers

Simplify.
3 3
5 5 3 3
a. 7√12 − √12 b. 4(2)5 + 3(2)5 c. √81 − √24

3 3 3 3 3 1
d. √5 + √40 e. 2√50 − √245 + 3√125 f. 2 √9 + √81 − 2 √3

EXAMPLE 2 – Algebra with Radicals

Simplify.
3 3 3
a. √3(√3 + √6) b. √40( √25 + 2 √5) c. (√98 + √28)√14
 √10+√250 √15+√35 8√6−2√3
d. e. f.
√2 √5 2√3

EXAMPLE 3 – Algebra with Radicals and Variables

Simplify.
4 5 5 𝑟6
a. √625𝑧12 b. √64𝑚5 𝑛30 c. √
𝑠18

7 𝑝8 3
d. √𝑞 5 e. √6𝑥 4 𝑦 9 𝑧14 f. 18 3√𝑢 − 11 3√𝑢

3 3 4 4 2 5𝑥
g. 15 √𝑎4 𝑏 2 + 8√𝑎4 𝑏 2 h. 10√5𝑠 7 − 𝑠 √80𝑠 3 i. √10𝑥 − √5𝑥 + √ 2
Algebra 2 Honors Rational Name__________________
Radicals Notes 4 (10.1)
Exponents

If p and q are integers with q > 0, and b is a positive real number, then:

𝒑 𝒒 𝒑 𝒒
𝒃𝒒 = ( √𝒃) = √𝒃𝒑

EXAMPLE 1 – Integers and Rational Exponents

Simplify.
2 3 5
a. 1253 b. 8−4 c. 42

1 3 −5
9−2
3
d. e. 814 f. ( √8)

2 5
g. −2435 h. −64−6 i. 161.5

3 1
1 − 3
1
4 2 2 √ ∙ √9
3
j. (3 ) k. (25 − 5 )
2 l. 3
√81

EXAMPLE 2 – Variables and Rational Exponents

Simplify.
1
2 3 𝑥 15
a. (𝑦 4 )6 b. 3 c. √
− 𝑦6
𝑥 2
 2
3
√𝑥∙√𝑥 5 𝑥5𝑦
d. √25𝑥 16
e. 1 f. √49𝑥 5
−
𝑥𝑦 3

3 3 4 3 𝑥3
g. √4𝑥 3 𝑦 5 ∙ √12𝑦 2 h. √12𝑥 2 𝑦 6 𝑤 12 i. √𝑦 4

4
20𝑥 3 𝑦 2 √𝑥6
j. √ k. 7
9𝑥𝑤 3 √𝑥 5
Algebra 2 Honors Real Number Name__________________
Radicals Notes 5 (10.2)
Exponents

EXAMPLE 1 – Real Number Exponents

Simplify.
√3 32+√7
a. 24−√5 ∙ 21+√5 b. (52√3 ) c.
32−√7

9√10
d. 31+𝜋 ∙ 31−𝜋 e. 8√2 ∙ 8−√2 f.
3√10
Algebra 2 Honors Binomials Containing Name__________________
Radicals Notes 6 (6.4)
Radicals
Warm Up
Simplify.
2
a. (3𝑎 + 5)(2𝑎 − 7) b. 2√2(√6 − √3) c. (4√2 + √3)

EXAMPLE 1 – FOILing with Radicals

Simplify.
a. (3√5 − 5√3)(3√5 + 5√3) b. (4 + √3)(4 − √3)

2 2
c. (√6 + √𝑥 + 4)(√6 − √𝑥 + 4) d. (𝑏 + √𝑏) − (𝑏 − √𝑏)

Dividing with Rational Numbers

If your denominator
Do this….
looks like…

EXAMPLE 2 – Rationalizing with Radicals

Simplify.
1 3 1
a. b. c.
4−√15 √2+1 √5−1
 √3 √5+√2 √𝑥 √𝑦
d. e. f. +
√2+√3 √5−√2 √𝑥+√𝑦 √𝑥−√𝑦

EXAMPLE 3 – Challenges
a. Show by substitution that 3 + √5 and 3 − √5 are roots of 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 4 = 0

√𝑎−√𝑎∙√𝑎+√𝑎
b. Simplify:
√𝑎−1

√5+1 √5+1
c. Show that the reciprocal of is also the conjugate of
2 2
Algebra 2 Honors Equations Name__________________
Radicals Notes 7 (6.5)
Containing Radicals
Warm Up
Solve.
a. 𝑥 2 = 16 b. √3𝑥 = 17

Solve an Equation with Two Radicals

Solving Radical Equations
1. ISOLATE Get the radicals on __________________

2. RAISE sides and raise ___________ to the

3. SOLVE ___________ power!!

EXAMPLE 1 – Solving Simple Radical Equations

Solve.
a. √2𝑡 − 1 − 3 = 0 b. √7𝑥 − 12 = 𝑥

c. √10𝑥 + 9 = 𝑥 + 3 d. 3√𝑥 + 1 − 𝑥 = 1

EXAMPLE 2 – Solving Two Time Radical Equations

Solve.
a. √2𝑥 − 2 − √𝑥 + 6 = 1 b. √𝑥 + 6 − 2 = √𝑥 − 2
c. √𝑥 + 6 − √11 − 𝑥 = −3 d. 1 + √𝑥 − 2 = √𝑥 + 3

Rational Exponents
When we solve an equation like y = x2, we square root both sides.

A Square Root is the same thing as the ______________ power

Therefore, when trying to solve any equation raised to a power, we can raise each side to the

_____________________ in order to undo the exponent

EXAMPLE 3 – Solving Equations with Rational Exponents

Solve.
2 2
a. 6𝑥 3 = 54 b. (𝑡 − 4)5 − 3 = 1

EXAMPLE 4 – Geometric Applications

a. Triangle ABC has side lengths 𝐴𝐵 = 𝑥 + 1, 𝐴𝐶 = 𝑥 + 3, and 𝐵𝐶 = 14. The altitude, originating from A to
side BC has length 𝐴𝐷 = 𝑥. Find the Perimeter of the Triangle.
Algebra 2 Honors Graphing Radical Name__________________
Radicals Notes 8
Functions
Warm Up
Create a Table and Graphing the following:
a. 𝑦 = √𝑥 b. 𝑦 = √𝑥 − 3 c. 𝑦 = √𝑥 − 3

Domain:_________ Range:__________ Domain:_________ Range:__________ Domain:________ Range:_________

Basic Transformations: 𝒚 = 𝒂√𝒙 − 𝒉 + 𝒌

Equation What Does It Do? Equation What Does It Do?
+h -h
+k -k
+a -a
|a| > 1 |a| < 1
EXAMPLE 1 – Graphing Using Transformations
Graph the Parent Function 𝑦 = √𝑥. Then, graph each of the following functions using what you know about
transformations. Identify the Domain and Range of each new graph.
a. 𝑦 = −√𝑥 Domain:_______________

Range:________________

b. 𝑦 = −3√𝑥 Domain:_______________

Range:________________

c. 𝑦 = −3√𝑥 + 2 + 5 Domain:_______________

Range:________________

EXAMPLE 2 – Graphing Using Transformations

Graph the Parent Function 𝑦 = 3√𝑥 . Then, graph each of the following functions using what you know about
transformations. Identify the Domain and Range of each new graph.
3
a. 𝑦 = √𝑥 Domain:_______________

Range:________________

3
b. 𝑦 = 2 √𝑥 − 1 − 2 Domain:_______________

Range:________________

3
c. 𝑦 = −4 √𝑥 + 4 Domain:_______________

Range:________________
 Domain

EXAMPLE 3 – Graphing Using Domain

Find the Domain of the following function. Utilize the Domain to create a Table of Values and Graph. Identify
the Range.
a. 𝑦 = √16 − 𝑥 2 b. 𝑦 = √𝑥 2 − 16

Domain:______________ Domain:______________

Range:______________ Range:______________

c. 𝑦 = √𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 d. 𝑦 = √4𝑥 − 𝑥 2

Domain:______________ Domain:______________

Range:______________ Range:______________