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C04 PDF

This document discusses different methods for file input/output (I/O) in Java, including: - Using streams to read and write files sequentially as a sequence of values. - Reading and writing files as byte streams using InputStream/OutputStream or character streams using Reader/Writer. - Buffering file I/O for improved performance by absorbing overhead through classes like BufferedReader. - Accessing standard input, output, and error streams through System.in, System.out, and System.err. - The "New I/O" interface in Java NIO which offers a simpler, event-driven approach using objects like Path and WatchService.

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106 views9 pages

C04 PDF

This document discusses different methods for file input/output (I/O) in Java, including: - Using streams to read and write files sequentially as a sequence of values. - Reading and writing files as byte streams using InputStream/OutputStream or character streams using Reader/Writer. - Buffering file I/O for improved performance by absorbing overhead through classes like BufferedReader. - Accessing standard input, output, and error streams through System.in, System.out, and System.err. - The "New I/O" interface in Java NIO which offers a simpler, event-driven approach using objects like Path and WatchService.

Uploaded by

lazar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Files

Java File IO
Streams
Standard IO
Random access files
Buffering
Structured Programming 1110/1140/6710
Files C4
File IO as Streams
A stream is a standard abstraction used for files:
A sequence of values are read.
A sequence of values are written.
The stream reflects the sequential nature of file IO and the physical
characteristics of the media on which files traditionally reside (e.g.
tape or a spinning disk).

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Files C4
Java I/O: Byte Streams
The classes InputStream and OutputStream allow you to read and
write streams of bytes to and from streams including files (subclasses:
FileInputStream and FileOutputStream).
• Open the stream
• Read or write from the stream (in bytes)
• Wrap operations in a try clause
• Use finally to close the streams
ints are used, even though bytes are transferred(!)

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Java I/O: Character Streams
When reading and writing characters, you should use the classes
Reader and Writer, which allow you to read and write streams of
characters to and from streams including files (subclasses:
FileReader and FileWriter).
ints are used, even though chars are transferred.

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File I/O: Buffering
Reading data one byte at a time is costly. Buffering is used to absorb
some of that overhead.

Disk: ~10ms RAM: ~100ns Register: ~1ns


In Java the BufferedReader and BufferedWriter classes can be used
to buffer data read or written with FileReader and FileWriter.

To be sure that a buffer is flushed, call flush(), or close the file.

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Java Command Line IO
Three standard IO streams (globally-defined objects):
• Standard input System.in
• Standard output System.out
• Standard error System.err

byte b = (byte) System.in.read();


System.out.write(b);
System.out.flush();
System.err.write(b);

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“New” I/O (java.nio.file)
Java NIO offers simpler, event-driven interface
• Path — replaces java.io.File
• FileSystem — factory class that for objects in the filesystem
• WatchService — utility class to detect file system changes
through event notification
• Files —create, rename, copy, modify attributes and delete files

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