WATER PROOFING COMPOUND

PURVANCHAL INSTITUE OF ARCHITECTURE AND DESIGN

SUBMITTED TO PRESENTED BY
 AR. MIRZA ASIM BEG  BINDRESH KR. SAHANI
 Waterproofing describes making an object waterproof or
water-resistant.

 Building water-proofing is a process which is designed to

prevent water from penetrating a building.

 Usually extensive waterproofing measures are added to a

building at the time of construction, to provide moisture
control from the start
Coating with asphalt

 Waterproofing may also be done after a building is built, to

address problems as they emerge or as part of a building
retrofit
 Internal areas that are waterproofed include :
 bathrooms,
 shower recesses,
 laundries
 toilets.
Garage floor coating with
polyurathane
 External area waterproofed Retaing wall coated
extends to: with Asphalt
 roofs,
 planter boxes,
 podiums,balconies,
 retaining walls
 swimming pools.

 Basic waterproofing and envelope design

incorporates 3 steps to ensure a watertight
and environmentally sound interior :

 1. Understanding water sources likely to be

encountered

 2. Designing systems to prevent leakage from

these sources.

 3. Finalizing the design by properly detailing

each individual envelope component into EDPM MEMBRANE coating at roof top
adjacent components.
 Water in any of its forms must be present.

 Water must be moved along by some type of force, including wind,

gravity for above-structure and hydrostatic pressure or capillary action
for below-structure.

 Finally and the most important, there must be a breach (hole, brake, or
some type of opening) in the envelope to facilitate the entry of water
into the protected spaces

 Available water is moved into the interior of a structure by numerous

forces that include:
 Natural gravity
 Surface tension
 Wind/Air currents
 Capillary action
 Hydrostatic pressure
• These are the various materials
that used for water proofing .

• These compounds are available

in the form of sheet , tape ,
liquid compounds , etc.

THE VARIOUS WATER

PROOFING COMPOUNDS ARE
:- Neoprene
• Butyl
• E.P.D.M.
• P.V.C.
• Polyurethane
 1. It should be impervious.

 2. It should be strong and durable be capable of withstanding both dead

aswell as live loads without damage.

 3. It should be dimensionally stable.

 4. It should be free from deliquescent salts like sulphates, chlorides and

nitrates.
NEOPRENE
DEFINITION
 IT COMES IN ROLL IN WHICH BREADTH
IS FIXED AND LENGTH CAN UPTO 50
FEET

 SIZES CAN VARY ACCORDING TO USER

REQUIREMENT

 COST OF NEOPRENE SHEET IS 250-

400 RS PER METER

 OR CAN BE ACCORDING TO THE

WEIGHT OF SHEET 200-300 RS PER
KILOGRAM
 DISADVANTAGES OF NEOPRENE

• EASILY AVAILABLE
• IRRESISTABLE TO STRONG HEAT.
• RESIST DIFFERENT
ELEMENTS • GETS FADE AFTER TIME.

• ODOUR AN ISSUE IN PRODUCTS.

• INSTALLATION IS EASY
• CAN BE USED UPTO TEMPERATURE
• EQUALLY EFFECTIVE IN FROM -20 C TO 110C.
OUTDOOR CONDITIONS

• AVAILABLE IN DIFFERENT
COLOURS
 Isobutylene was discovered by Michael Faraday in
1825.

 It was later developed into butyl rubber in 1937, by

researchers William J. Sparks and Robert M.
Thomas.

 Today, the majority of the global supply of butyl

rubber is produced by just two companies,
1. ExxonMobil
2. Polymer Corporation

 Availability in form of:

1. Tape
2. Butynol waterproofing membrane
 PREPARATION FOR
TAPPING
THE JOINTS

TAPPING

CLEANING AN D FINISHING
 SPRAY OF
ADHESIVE ON
MEMBRANE

SPRAY OF
ADHESIVE
ON ROOF

JOINING

FINISHEED ROOF
 APPLICATIONS
 Perma Waterproofing Butyl Tape covering the insulated air conditioning ducts
Is Resistant To Hot And Cold
covering all cracks, construction joints, bends and
Temperature. It With Stands
90°c Without Yielding . corners
sealing all joints in timber
 Perma Waterproofing Butyl Tape Sporting equipment
Is Totally Waterproofing.
Gas masks and chemical agent protection
covering of all cutouts and pipe joints
 It Has Good Adhesion To All
Types Of Surface And Can Be Tires
Planted Over.
(ETHYLE PROPYLENE DIENE MONOMER)

E.P.D.M. (ethylene propylene diene monomer)

is a synthetic terpolymer which has a wide
range of applications.

E.P.D.M. membrane is a lightweight , durable

and weatherproof water proofing membrane .

It has an exceptional elasticity and will not

split or crack under normal building
movement .

E.P.D.M. exhibits satisfactory protection from

heat , water , alkalis , acids , oils , weather
protection , electrical protection , etc.
ITEMS REQUIRED :-
E.P.D.M. membrane
Bonding adhesive
Roller
Knife or scissor
Push broom
Gloves and protections
Make sure that the surface is clean and dry .
Unfold the membrane
Allow membrane to relax for 30 minutes to remove
wrinkles .
Open bonding adhesive ( voc based , volatile

organic compound or solvent based) and stir until

colour is uniform .
Apply adhesive to the exposed deck and to the back
of the membrane .
Allow adhesive to dry until it is tacky .
Roll the adhesive coated membrane back onto the
deck where adhesive has also been applied .
Work slowly and evenly to reduce wrinkles .
Use a push broom to sweep over the membrane .
Repeat this procedure until all the membrane is
secure .
 1.1 MM THICK 1.5 MM THICK

LENGTH WIDTH LENGTH WIDTH

10’ 25’ 10’ 25’
10’ 50’ 10’ 50’
10’ 100’ 10’ 100’
20’ 100’ 20’ 100’
30’ 100’ 30’ 100’

Coloured
E.P.D.M.
 DISADVANTAGES
Quick and easy to install . E.P.D.M. comes mainly in a black roll , which
Extremely flexible . easily absorbs heat and can lead to
Excellent water resistance . superheating of the structure below .
Contain no dangerous substance
It comes in light colour also , to help reflect
. heat in summer climate , but this adds about
Superior elongation . 30% more to the cost of the material per
Highly resistance to tearing and square foot .
impact .
Versatile , last for 40 years and If a workman wearing the wrong type of
more . boot could tear a hole in the roof covering
membrane i.e. E.P.D.M.
Works at low temperature of -
50◦C and maximum of 150◦C
Low maintenance
 ROOF

Basements
Ponds
Sloping and
slabs(roof)
Water reservoirs WATER RESERVIOR
Swimming pool

SWIMMING POOL
BASEMENT
POND
 PVC (PolyVinyl Chloride)
• PVC waterproofing membrane is a modern
roofing material, which is made of high quality
flexible (plasticized) polyvinylchloride.
• Manufacturers of PVC membranes offer
diverse width and length of the material.

• The width of the material ranges from 3 to 7

ft.

• The rolls can be between 60 and 75 ft in

length. The thickness of the PVC membrane
is 48mil, 60mil, 72mil & 80mil.
 Features of PVC membrane
• PVC membrane is used mainly for waterproofing of buildings and roofs.

• Since this material is quite easy to install, strong enough (is of great
tensile strength), has long service life,

• Due to its structure, the PVC membrane is

very strong and simultaneously flexible
material which is resistant to
precipitation, ultra-violet radiation,
capable to withstand heavy surface and
tensile loads

• PVC waterproofing membrane can serve

for almost fifty years without losing its
reliability and positive characteristics.
 Advantages of PVC
• strength
• elasticity and tightness
• strength of the welds (at the junction of sheets)
• atmosphere and chemical resistance
• vapor permeability at 100% water resistance
• resistance to wind loads
• frost-proof
• resistance to the movements of structural elements of buildings
• resistance to oxidation and UV rays
• high durability
• fire resistant
• diversity of colors
 a synthetic resin in which the
polymer units are linked by
urethane groups, used chiefly
as constituents of paints,
varnishes, adhesives, and
foams.
History

Forms:
 1) liquid medium
 2) sheet
 Step 1 : Clean the surface thoroughly
and make it dust free.

 Step 2 : Wash the surface with water.

 Step 3 : Apply the first coat of Tuff &

Shine with brush or spray

 Recommended Usage :

 On primed concrete, PU & Epoxy Self
levelling floor.

 Top coat on any paint wall for long

lasting life.

 It is UV resistance and scratchproof

clear coat
 Its used for the flat roof area and exposed to
weathering.
 Polyurethane liquid membrane can offer higher
flexibility.
 Its very sensitive to moisture content present,
therefore before application, one has to be very
careful evaluating the moisture content of the
concrete slab, otherwise peeling or de-bonding of
membranes may happen after some time
• Water proofing makes up b/w 1%
and 2% of the total cost of the
construction .

• But accounts for upto 80% of the

complaints .

• The biggest cause of

waterproofing failure is
workmanship .

• Poor surface preparation .

• Adhesion Failure (due to moisture

content) .
• Adhesives used are highly flammable . Hence catch fire .

• So , keep away from fire , sparks , source of fire .

• Turn off electronic gadgets , stoves , heaters , until all vapors

dispersed .

• Do not smoke .

• Close container after use .

• Keep away from eyes and use chemical resistant gloves and glasses
.

• Read safety instructions on the product .

 Bathroom Water-proofing
Preparation of Bathroom water-proofing
 After completion of the internal plastering of walls,
keep a margin of 450mm from the final floor level
of the bathroom. Roughening of the plaster should
be done with a wire brush for fixing the glazed tiles
cladding dado.

 Complete grooving, chiseling for concealed G.I and

electrical conduit piping in bathroom.

 Remove all debris from the bathroom after chiseling

the extra mortar, if any, to expose the slab
completely.

 Make the holes in the external walls for connecting

nahini trap to external drainage line and water
leakage drain pipe.

 Clean the bathroom thoroughly with water. Mark the

level in red on the walls, with respect to the floor
level, to set up the trap level.
 Basement/Swimming pool and
underground duct water proofing
 For basements, swimming pools and underground ducts such as lift pits,
the water-proofing has to withstand the water pressure in addition to its
basic stress.
Work procedure
• Carry out the work of PCC bed and provide a cement mix 1:4 base coat with
water-proofing compound and above this fix rough shahabad tiles.

• Maintain the break joint pattern while fixing the tile for base.

• After fixing the tiles, grout the joints with cement slurry completely.

• Apply a jointless layer of cement mortar 1:3 25mm thick and cure it for 7
days.

• For basement, provision of gutter and sump is made in PCC itself and
shahabad base is also prepared in the same fashion. Gutter is given proper
slope towards the sump. This is done as a preventive measure against
occasional entry of rain water into basement.

• After curing, provide the final jointless water-proof plaster coat in cement
mortar 1:4 over the rough shahabad tiles.
Brick Bat Coba For Terrace
 Fix in a slope of 1:150, starting from the lowest point of rainwater
down take and by keeping a minimum thickness of 65mm below
the rainwater outlet.
 Fix brick bats in cement mortar layer of 1:6 proportion in a slope of
1:150 with the water proofing compound.
 Fill the cement mortar 1:4 with the brick bat joints.
 Fix small pieces of brick bats along with 20mm metal for coving of
watta(rounding) at the bottom of the parapet wall
 Special care should be taken for achieving the round shape near
the rain water pipe.
 Block the rain water outlet with gunny bags, to avoid cement slurry
from entering it.
 Cure the brick bat coba coat for at least seven days.
Details of glazed china mosaic water-proofing
 Spread cement mortar in 1:4 along with water-proofing compound over
the brick bat coba.
 Press the cement mortar with a ruler of length of 2m.
 Level the surface with a wooden float, keeping 25mm thickness.
 Apply thick cement slurry over the levelled surface, along with the water-
proofing compound for a smooth finish.
 Polish the surface with metal float
 Make vertical and horizontal lines at an intervel of 300mmX300mm, using
a cotton line dori of minimum 3mm thick; so as to avoid cracking of the
top layer.
 Clean and cure the final coat for 21days with atleast 150mm water
standing on the water proofing.
Chajja water proofing

 Clean the top of the chhajja and chisel

extra mortar, if any.

 Apply a thick cement slurry over the top

of the chhajja.
 Apply 1:1.5:3screen coat.

 Make rounding at the junction of chhajja

and wall of the building.

 Cure this coat for seven days.

 Apply a finishing coat with C.M 1:4 with

water-proofing compound.

 Cure the water-proofing for atleast 7

days.
Sloping Terrace Water Proofing
 Clean the surface of the sloping terrace.
 Apply a thick cement slurry over the surface of the slab.
 Apply 1:1.5:3 screen coat.
 Cure this coat for 7 days by putting wet gunny bags on it.
 Over this coat, apply a finishing coat with cement sand mortar 1:4
and water-proofing compound as per design.
 Make an edge between the parapet and the sloping roof on the
second day.
 Cure this water-proofing for 15 days with gunny bags spread over
it.
 Constant watering is required on a sloping slab.

WATER PROOFING SLOPING TERRACE

WATER PROOFING
Damp proof course in plinth
•Foundation masonry is always in contact with the sub
soil,which sometimes may contain water.
•The subsoil water tries to enter the building through
the walls/floore.
•Due to capillary action, the subsoil water sometimes
rises into the walls of the building against gravity and
indicates dampness.
•Generally , foundation masonry is done with UCR
masonry and at the plinth level,DPC is provided to
prevent capillary water of the sub soil water.
•The rich cement concrete, generally of M20 grade
with water proofing compound added to it can be
used as DPC in buildings.
•Tar isalso applied below DPC to prevent the entry
through capillary action.
•Above the DPC, regular masonry for super structure is
done.
Causes and Precautions for wall
dampness
•If the foundation masonry is directly exposed to subsoil,
water may enter the building through the walls.
•For this it is ensured that pointing or plastering the exposed
walls is done to restrict the direct contact of sub soil water
with masonry.
•No hollow spaces should remain in the masonry as these are
the routes for water to enter.
•For the junctions of RCC and masonry, chicken mesh should
be used for plastering.
•Dampness is also observed on the ceiling in the form of
patches. This is due to stagnant water on the terrace or some
organic matter dumped on the terrace.
•During execution of the terrace, a proper slope should be
given so that water doesnt accumulate in any place.
•The terrace must be kept clean during rainy seasons to
prevent continuous dampness.
•The terrace slab must be cast carefully so that it attains
density and impermeability.
 PERMA BUTYL TAPE
Width Of Tape : 50 mm & 100 mm
Length Of Tape In a : 20 Metre
Roll
Thickness Of Tape : 0.75 mm
Service Temperature : -30°C to 90°C

Application : + 5°C to 50°C

Temperature
Adhesion : 7.8 N / 10 mm width of strip

PACKING
50MM X 20mtr – 1 roll ( minimum pkg 8 roll)

100mm x 20mtr – 1 roll (minimum pkg 4 roll

Sno. Type of work Rate/mt./ltr.kg. Remark
Flash strip Tape
1 Rs.87.5 Total length
10m

2 Butyl tape Rs. 35 5mt.(roll)

(jonhson)

3 GSSI sealant Rs.80.7/ft. 50ft(roll)

(Butyl tape)
Sno. Type of work Rate/sq.ftor/lt Remark
r.

1 Weather tuff 670/ltr Liquid

polyurethane 20 ltr

2 Water based 498/kg powder

(monoproof) 20 kg (bag)
Sno. Type of work Rate/sq.ftor/ltr. Remark
SQ. MT
1 EDPM WATERPROOF Rs. 600 10-20 M
SHEET PER ROLL

2 NEOPRENE Rs. 250-400(per Roll

meter) (upto 50ft.)

3 EDPM Quick roof 151/ft. 25ft.(roll)

3”x25’