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A History of Science and Technology in The Philippines During Pre-Colonial Period

The document summarizes science and technology in the Philippines during the pre-colonial period, from the Stone Age through the 10th century AD. It describes the development of tools and pottery-making over time. By the 1st century AD, the people were engaged in weaving, iron smelting, agriculture, boat building and trade. Their shipbuilding skills and trade relations grew so that by the 10th century, they had regular trade with Vietnam and China, exchanging goods like beeswax and cotton for iron and porcelain. Their communities were autonomous and engaged in rice farming, mining, and other activities before colonization.

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444 views2 pages

A History of Science and Technology in The Philippines During Pre-Colonial Period

The document summarizes science and technology in the Philippines during the pre-colonial period, from the Stone Age through the 10th century AD. It describes the development of tools and pottery-making over time. By the 1st century AD, the people were engaged in weaving, iron smelting, agriculture, boat building and trade. Their shipbuilding skills and trade relations grew so that by the 10th century, they had regular trade with Vietnam and China, exchanging goods like beeswax and cotton for iron and porcelain. Their communities were autonomous and engaged in rice farming, mining, and other activities before colonization.

Uploaded by

Lady of the Light
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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A History of Science and Technology in the

Philippines during Pre-colonial period

Stone Age (40, 000 years)


- They made simple tools and weapons of stone flakes
- Developed techniques for sawing, drilling and polishing hard stones

3,000 B.C.
- They were producing adzes ornaments of seashells and pottery of various designs.

2,000 years
- The manufacture of pottery became well developed and flourished until it came to
competition with Chinese imported porcelain and it was the reason for the decline
in pottery making.
- The present manufacture of the ordinary cooking pot among local communities has
survived this ancient technology.

Iron Age
- Lasted 2nd or 3rd Century B.C. To 10th century A. D.
- Excavation of graves and work sites
- People are engaged in actual extraction of Iron from ore, smelting and refining it.
But it appears that the iron industry, like the manufacture of pottery, did not
survived the competition with imported cast iron from Sarawak and much later
from China.

1st century A. D.
- Weaving of cotton, smelting iron, pottery, glass ornaments and engaged in
agriculture.
- Cultivation of lowland rice in diked fields
- Building of boats for coastal trade.

10th Century A. D.
- became highly developed technology
- Early chroniclers took note of the refined plank-built warship called Caracoa (well
suited for inter-island trade raids.)
- Spanish utilized Filipino in boat-building and seamanship to fight the raiding Dutch,
Portuguese, Muslims and the Chinese pirate Limahong as well as to build and man
the galleons trade that sailed to Mexico.
- People of Butuan were traiding to Champa ( vietnam); Ma-i (Mindoro) to China
- (This indicates that there was a regular trade relations between the two countries.)
- Descriptions of trade with the Philippines from the account of Sung (960-1278),
Yuan (1260-1368) and Sung and Ming dynasties (1360-1644)
- Account of Chao Ju-Kua in 1225. He described the communities and trading
activities in the islands of (Ma-i) Mindoro and San-hsu (group pf Palawan and
Calamian Islands.)
- Trading products: (beeswax, cotton, true pearls, tortoise shell, medicinal betelnuts,
cloth and coconut heart mats for Chinese porcelain, iron, pots, lead fishnet sinkers,
colored glass beads, iron needles and tin.)

Other Precolonial Achievements/Information


- Scattered autonomous village communities called barangay
- Settlements along coastal areas which had been exposed to foreign trade and
cultural contacts
- Filipinos in manila learned to make and use modern artillery.
- Filipinos were growing rice, vegetables and cotton; making wine, vinegar and salt.
- Mining Gold, wore colorful clothes, made their own jewelry and filled their teeth
with gold.
- Build houses made of wood, bamboo and nipa.
- Had their own system of writing, weights and measurements.
- There is no calendar so they counted the years by moons and from harvest to
another.
- Filipinos who settled in mountains were lived as hunters
- Pre-colonial Filipinos were highly superstitious and there is no places for worship
or temples.
- They don’t have a literary tradition and they used their own system only for
messages and letters.
- As observed by Francisco de Sande, a governor in 1575, Filipinos do not understand
any kind of work unless it is necessary.

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