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Program No.1
Implement Brenham`s line drawing algorithm for all types of slope
#include<GL/glut.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include<math.h>
void init(void)
//set display-window background color to white
glClearColor(1.0,1.0,1.0,0.0);
//set projection paramaters
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
gluOrtho2D(0.0,300.0,0.0,300.0);
void setPixel(GLint xCoordinate, GLint yCoordinate)
glBegin(GL_POINTS);
glVertex2i(xCoordinate,yCoordinate);
glEnd();
glFlush(); //executes all OpenGL functions as quickl y as possible
//Bresenham line-drawing procedure for |m| < 1.0
void lineBres(GLint x0, GLint y0, GLint xEnd, GLint
yEnd)
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GLint dx = fabs(xEnd - x0);
GLint dy = fabs(yEnd - y0);
GLint p = 2 * dy - dx;
GLint twoDy = 2 * dy;
GLint twoDyMinusDx = 2 * (dy-dx);
GLint x,y;
// determine which endpoint to use as start position
if (x0 > xEnd){
x = xEnd;
y = yEnd;
xEnd = x;
}else{
x = x0;
y = y0;
setPixel(x,y);
while(x<xEnd){
x++;
if(p<0)
p += twoDy;
else{
y++;
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p += twoDyMinusDx;
setPixel(x,y);
void drawMyLine(void)
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glColor3f(1.0,0.0,0.0);
glPointSize(4.0);
GLint x0 = 100;
GLint y0 = 150;
GLint xEnd = 200;
GLint yEnd = 200;
lineBres(x0,y0,xEnd,yEnd);
void main(int argc, char**argv)
//initialize GLUT
glutInit(&argc,argv);
//initialize display mode
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE | GLUT_RGB);
//set display-window width & height
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glutInitWindowSize(400,400);
//set display-window upper-left position
glutInitWindowPosition(0,0);
//create display-window with a title
glutCreateWindow("Bresenham");
//initialze OpenGL
init();
//call graphics to be displayed on the window
glutDisplayFunc(drawMyLine);
//display everything and wait
glutMainLoop();
}
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OUTPUT:
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Program No.2
Create and rotate a triangle about origin and fixed point
#include<GL/glut.h>
#include<stdio.h>
float v[]={0,0.6,0.25,0.9,0.5,0.6};
GLubyte list[]={0,1,2};
int g=0;
void dis()
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glClearColor(0,0,0,0);
glColor3f(1,0,1);
//glViewport(0,0,700,700);
glDrawElements(GL_LINE_LOOP,3,GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,list);
glRotated(g,0,0,1);
glDrawElements(GL_LINE_LOOP,3,GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,list);
glFlush();
glLoadIdentity();
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int main(int argc, char **argv)
glutInit(&argc,argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE|GLUT_RGB);
glutInitWindowSize(500,500);
printf("Enter Rotation Angle:");
scanf("%d",&g);
glutCreateWindow("Triangle Rotation");
glutDisplayFunc(dis);
glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
glVertexPointer(2,GL_FLOAT,0,v);
glutMainLoop();
}
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OUTPUT:
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Program No.3
Draw a color cube and spin it using OpenGL transformation matrices.
#include<GL/glut.h>
float v[]={-0.5,-0.5,-0.5, -0.5,0.5,-0.5, 0.5,0.5,-0.5, 0.5,-0.5,-0.5,
-0.5,-0.5,0.5, -0.5,0.5,0.5, 0.5,0.5,0.5, 0.5,-0.5,0.5};
float c[]={0,0,0, 1,0,0, 1,1,0, 0,1,0, 0,0,1, 1,0,1, 1,1,1, 0,1,1,};
GLubyte d[]={0,1,2,3, 2,3,7,6, 4,5,6,7, 4,5,1,0, 5,6,2,1, 0,3,7,4};
int gx=0,gy=0,gz=1.0;
void display()
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glRotated(0.2,gx,gy,gz);
glDrawElements(GL_QUADS,24,GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,d);
glFlush();
}
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void mouse(int btn,int state,int x,int y)
if(btn==GLUT_LEFT_BUTTON&&state==GLUT_DOWN) {gx=1; gy=0;
gz=0;}
if(btn==GLUT_MIDDLE_BUTTON&&state==GLUT_DOWN) {gx=0;
gy=1; gz=0;}
if(btn==GLUT_RIGHT_BUTTON&&state==GLUT_DOWN) {gx=0;
gy=0; gz=1;}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
glutInit(&argc,argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE|GLUT_RGB|GLUT_DEPTH);
glutCreateWindow("cube");
glutDisplayFunc(display);
glutIdleFunc(display);
glutMouseFunc(mouse);
glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
glEnableClientState(GL_COLOR_ARRAY);
glVertexPointer(3,GL_FLOAT,0,v);
glColorPointer(3,GL_FLOAT,0,c);
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
glutMainLoop();
}
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OUTPUT:
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Program No.4
Draw a color cube and allow the user to move the camera suitably to
experiment with perspective viewing
#include <GL/glut.h>
float v[]={-0.5,-0.5,-0.5, -0.5,0.5,-0.5, 0.5,0.5,-0.5, 0.5, -0.5,-0.5,
-0.5,-0.5,0.5, -0.5,0.5,0.5, 0.5,0.5,0.5, 0.5,-0.5,0.5};
float c[]={0,0,0, 0,1,0, 1,1,0, 1,0,0, 0,0,1, 0,1,1, 1,1,1, 1,0,1,};
GLubyte list[]={0,1,2,3, 6,7,3,2, 4,7,6,5, 4,5,1,0, 5,6,2,1, 0,3,7,4};
int gx=0,gy=0,gz=1;
static GLfloat theta[] = {0.0,0.0,0.0};
static GLint axis = 2;
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static GLdouble viewer[]= {0.0, 0.0, 5.0};
void display(void)
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glLoadIdentity();
gluLookAt(viewer[0],viewer[1],viewer[2], 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
glRotatef(theta[0], 1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
glRotatef(theta[1], 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
glRotatef(theta[2], 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
glDrawElements(GL_QUADS,24,GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,list);
glFlush();
void mouse(int btn, int state, int x, int y)
{ if(btn==GLUT_LEFT_BUTTON && state == GLUT_DOWN) axis = 0;
if(btn==GLUT_MIDDLE_BUTTON && state == GLUT_DOWN) axis = 1;
if(btn==GLUT_RIGHT_BUTTON && state == GLUT_DOWN) axis = 2;
theta[axis] += 2.0;
if( theta[axis] > 360.0 ) theta[axis] -= 360.0;
display();
void keys(unsigned char key, int x, int y)
{ if(key == 'x') viewer[0]-= 1.0;
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if(key == 'X') viewer[0]+= 1.0;
if(key == 'y') viewer[1]-= 1.0;
if(key == 'Y') viewer[1]+= 1.0;
if(key == 'z') viewer[2]-= 1.0;
if(key == 'Z') viewer[2]+= 1.0;
display();
int main(int argc, char **argv)
glutInit(&argc,argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE|GLUT_RGB|GLUT_DEPTH);
glutInitWindowSize(700, 700);
glutCreateWindow("Colorcube Viewer");
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glFrustum(-2.0, 2.0, -2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 20.0);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glutDisplayFunc(display);
glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
glEnableClientState(GL_COLOR_ARRAY);
glVertexPointer(3,GL_FLOAT,0,v);
glColorPointer(3,GL_FLOAT,0,c);
glutMouseFunc(mouse);
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glutKeyboardFunc(keys);
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
glutMainLoop();
OUTPUT:
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Program No.5
Clip a lines using Cohen-Sutherland algorithm
#include <GL/glut.h>
double xmin=50,ymin=50, xmax=100,ymax=100; // Window boundaries
double xvmin=200,yvmin=200,xvmax=300,yvmax=300; // Viewport boundaries
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//bit codes for the right, left, top, & bottom
const int RIGHT = 8;
const int LEFT = 2;
const int TOP = 4;
const int BOTTOM = 1;
//function to compute bit codes of a point
//Compute the bit code for a point (x, y) using the clip rectangle bounded
diagonally by (xmin, ymin), and (xmax, ymax)
int ComputeOutCode (double x, double y)
int code = 0;
if (y > ymax) //above the clip window
code |= TOP;
else if (y < ymin) //below the clip window
code |= BOTTOM;
if (x > xmax) //to the right of clip window
code |= RIGHT;
else if (x < xmin) //to the left of clip window
code |= LEFT;
return code;
}
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/*Cohen-Sutherland clipping algorithm clips a line from P0 = (x0, y0) to P1 = (x1,
y1) against a rectangle */
void CohenSutherlandLineClipAndDraw (double x0, double y0,double x1, double
y1)
//Outcodes for P0, P1 and the point that lies outside the clip rectangle
int outcode0, outcode1, outcodeOut;
_Bool accept =0, done =0;
//compute outcodes
outcode0 = ComputeOutCode (x0, y0);
outcode1 = ComputeOutCode (x1, y1);
do{
if (!(outcode0 | outcode1)) //logical OR is 0: Trivially accept & exit
accept =1;
done =1;
else if (outcode0 & outcode1) //logical AND is not 0: Trivially reject
and exit
done =1;
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else
//calculate the line segment to clip from an outside point to an
intersection with clip edge
double x, y;
//At least one endpoint is outside the clip rectangle; pick it.
outcodeOut = outcode0? outcode0: outcode1;
//Now find the intersection point with formula: y = y0 + slope *
(x - x0), x = x0 + (1/slope)* (y - y0)
if (outcodeOut & TOP) //point is above the clip rectangle
x = x0 + (x1 - x0) * (ymax - y0)/(y1 - y0);
y = ymax;
else if (outcodeOut & BOTTOM) //point is below the clip
rectangle
x = x0 + (x1 - x0) * (ymin - y0)/(y1 - y0);
y = ymin;
else if (outcodeOut & RIGHT) //point is to the right of clip
rectangle
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y = y0 + (y1 - y0) * (xmax - x0)/(x1 - x0);
x = xmax;
else //point is to the left of clip rectangle
y = y0 + (y1 - y0) * (xmin - x0)/(x1 - x0);
x = xmin;
//Now we move outside point to intersection point to clip
//and get ready for next pass.
if (outcodeOut == outcode0)
x0 = x;
y0 = y;
outcode0 = ComputeOutCode (x0, y0);
else
x1 = x;
y1 = y;
outcode1 = ComputeOutCode (x1, y1);
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}while (!done);
if (accept)
{ // Window to viewport mappings
double sx=(xvmax-xvmin)/(xmax-xmin); // Scale parameters
double sy=(yvmax-yvmin)/(ymax-ymin);
double vx0=xvmin+(x0-xmin)*sx;
double vy0=yvmin+(y0-ymin)*sy;
double vx1=xvmin+(x1-xmin)*sx;
double vy1=yvmin+(y1-ymin)*sy;
//draw a red colored viewport
glColor3f(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
glBegin(GL_LINE_LOOP);
glVertex2f(xvmin, yvmin);
glVertex2f(xvmax, yvmin);
glVertex2f(xvmax, yvmax);
glVertex2f(xvmin, yvmax);
glEnd();
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glColor3f(0.0,0.0,1.0); // draw blue colored clipped line
glBegin(GL_LINES);
glVertex2d (vx0, vy0);
glVertex2d (vx1, vy1);
glEnd();
void display()
double x0=60,y0=20,x1=80,y1=120;
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glColor3f(1.0,0.0,0.0);
glBegin(GL_LINES);
glVertex2d (x0, y0);
glVertex2d (x1, y1);
glEnd();
glColor3f(0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
glBegin(GL_LINE_LOOP);
glVertex2f(xmin, ymin);
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glVertex2f(xmax, ymin);
glVertex2f(xmax, ymax);
glVertex2f(xmin, ymax);
glEnd();
CohenSutherlandLineClipAndDraw(x0,y0,x1,y1);
glFlush();
void myinit()
glClearColor(1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0);
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
gluOrtho2D(0.0,499.0,0.0,499.0);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
int main(int argc, char** argv)
//int x1, x2, y1, y2;
//printf("Enter End points:");
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//scanf("%d%d%d%d", &x1,&x2,&y1,&y2);
glutInit(&argc,argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE|GLUT_RGB);
glutInitWindowSize(500,500);
glutInitWindowPosition(0,0);
glutCreateWindow("Cohen Suderland Line Clipping Algorithm");
glutDisplayFunc(display);
myinit();
glutMainLoop();
}
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OUTPUT:
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Program No.6
Draw a simple shaded scene consisting of a tea pot on a table. Define suitably
the position and properties of the light source along with the properties of the
surfaces of the solid object used in the scene.
#include<GL/glut.h>
void obj(double tx,double ty,double tz,double sx,double sy,double sz)
glRotated(50,0,1,0);
glRotated(-10,1,0,0);
glRotated(-10,0,0,1);
glTranslated(tx,ty,tz);
glScaled(sx,sy,sz);
glutSolidCube(1);
glLoadIdentity();
void display()
//glViewport(0,0,700,700);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
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obj(0,0,0.5,1,1,0.05); // right wall
obj(0,-0.5,0,1,0.05,1); // bottom wall
obj(-0.5,0,0,0.05,1,1); // left wall
obj(0,-0.3,0,0.02,0.2,0.02); // four table legs
obj(0,-0.3,-0.4,0.02,0.2,0.02);
obj(0.4,-0.3,0,0.02,0.2,0.02);
obj(0.4,-0.3,-0.4,0.02,0.2,0.02);
obj(0.2,-0.18,-0.2,0.6,0.02,0.6); // table top
glRotated(50,0,1,0);
glRotated(-10,1,0,0);
glRotated(-10,0,0,1);
glTranslated(0.3,-0.1,-0.3);
glutSolidTeapot(0.1);
glFlush();
glLoadIdentity();
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
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glutInit(&argc,argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE|GLUT_RGB|GLUT_DEPTH);
float ambient[]={1,1,1,1};
float light_pos[]={27,80,2,0};
glutInitWindowSize(700,700);
glutCreateWindow("scene");
glutDisplayFunc(display);
glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);
glEnable(GL_LIGHT0);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT,GL_AMBIENT,ambient);
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_POSITION,light_pos);
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
glutMainLoop();
}
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OUTPUT:
Program No.1
Implement Brenham`s line drawing algorithm for all types of slope
#include<GL/glut.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include<math.h>
void init(void)
//set display-window background color to white
glClearColor(1.0,1.0,1.0,0.0);
//set projection paramaters
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
gluOrtho2D(0.0,300.0,0.0,300.0);
void setPixel(GLint xCoordinate, GLint yCoordinate)
glBegin(GL_POINTS);
glVertex2i(xCoordinate,yCoordinate);
glEnd();
glFlush(); //executes all OpenGL functions as quickl y as possible
//Bresenham line-drawing procedure for |m| < 1.0
void lineBres(GLint x0, GLint y0, GLint xEnd, GLint
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yEnd)
GLint dx = fabs(xEnd - x0);
GLint dy = fabs(yEnd - y0);
GLint p = 2 * dy - dx;
GLint twoDy = 2 * dy;
GLint twoDyMinusDx = 2 * (dy-dx);
GLint x,y;
// determine which endpoint to use as start position
if (x0 > xEnd){
x = xEnd;
y = yEnd;
xEnd = x;
}else{
x = x0;
y = y0;
setPixel(x,y);
while(x<xEnd){
x++;
if(p<0)
p += twoDy;
else{
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y++;
p += twoDyMinusDx;
setPixel(x,y);
void drawMyLine(void)
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glColor3f(1.0,0.0,0.0);
glPointSize(4.0);
GLint x0 = 100;
GLint y0 = 150;
GLint xEnd = 200;
GLint yEnd = 200;
lineBres(x0,y0,xEnd,yEnd);
void main(int argc, char**argv)
//initialize GLUT
glutInit(&argc,argv);
//initialize display mode
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE | GLUT_RGB);
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//set display-window width & height
glutInitWindowSize(400,400);
//set display-window upper-left position
glutInitWindowPosition(0,0);
//create display-window with a title
glutCreateWindow("Bresenham");
//initialze OpenGL
init();
//call graphics to be displayed on the window
glutDisplayFunc(drawMyLine);
//display everything and wait
glutMainLoop();
}
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OUTPUT:
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Program No.2
Create and rotate a triangle about origin and fixed point
#include<GL/glut.h>
#include<stdio.h>
float v[]={0,0.6,0.25,0.9,0.5,0.6};
GLubyte list[]={0,1,2};
int g=0;
void dis()
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glClearColor(0,0,0,0);
glColor3f(1,0,1);
//glViewport(0,0,700,700);
glDrawElements(GL_LINE_LOOP,3,GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,list);
glRotated(g,0,0,1);
glDrawElements(GL_LINE_LOOP,3,GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,list);
glFlush();
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glLoadIdentity();
int main(int argc, char **argv)
glutInit(&argc,argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE|GLUT_RGB);
glutInitWindowSize(500,500);
printf("Enter Rotation Angle:");
scanf("%d",&g);
glutCreateWindow("Triangle Rotation");
glutDisplayFunc(dis);
glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
glVertexPointer(2,GL_FLOAT,0,v);
glutMainLoop();
}
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OUTPUT:
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Program No.3
Draw a color cube and spin it using OpenGL transformation matrices.
#include<GL/glut.h>
float v[]={-0.5,-0.5,-0.5, -0.5,0.5,-0.5, 0.5,0.5,-0.5, 0.5,-0.5,-0.5,
-0.5,-0.5,0.5, -0.5,0.5,0.5, 0.5,0.5,0.5, 0.5,-0.5,0.5};
float c[]={0,0,0, 1,0,0, 1,1,0, 0,1,0, 0,0,1, 1,0,1, 1,1,1, 0,1,1,};
GLubyte d[]={0,1,2,3, 2,3,7,6, 4,5,6,7, 4,5,1,0, 5,6,2,1, 0,3,7,4};
int gx=0,gy=0,gz=1.0;
void display()
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glRotated(0.2,gx,gy,gz);
glDrawElements(GL_QUADS,24,GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,d);
glFlush();
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void mouse(int btn,int state,int x,int y)
if(btn==GLUT_LEFT_BUTTON&&state==GLUT_DOWN) {gx=1; gy=0;
gz=0;}
if(btn==GLUT_MIDDLE_BUTTON&&state==GLUT_DOWN) {gx=0;
gy=1; gz=0;}
if(btn==GLUT_RIGHT_BUTTON&&state==GLUT_DOWN) {gx=0;
gy=0; gz=1;}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
glutInit(&argc,argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE|GLUT_RGB|GLUT_DEPTH);
glutCreateWindow("cube");
glutDisplayFunc(display);
glutIdleFunc(display);
glutMouseFunc(mouse);
glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
glEnableClientState(GL_COLOR_ARRAY);
glVertexPointer(3,GL_FLOAT,0,v);
glColorPointer(3,GL_FLOAT,0,c);
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
glutMainLoop();
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OUTPUT:
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Program No.4
Draw a color cube and allow the user to move the camera suitably to
experiment with perspective viewing
#include <GL/glut.h>
float v[]={-0.5,-0.5,-0.5, -0.5,0.5,-0.5, 0.5,0.5,-0.5, 0.5, -0.5,-0.5,
-0.5,-0.5,0.5, -0.5,0.5,0.5, 0.5,0.5,0.5, 0.5,-0.5,0.5};
float c[]={0,0,0, 0,1,0, 1,1,0, 1,0,0, 0,0,1, 0,1,1, 1,1,1, 1,0,1,};
GLubyte list[]={0,1,2,3, 6,7,3,2, 4,7,6,5, 4,5,1,0, 5,6,2,1, 0,3,7,4};
int gx=0,gy=0,gz=1;
static GLfloat theta[] = {0.0,0.0,0.0};
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static GLint axis = 2;
static GLdouble viewer[]= {0.0, 0.0, 5.0};
void display(void)
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glLoadIdentity();
gluLookAt(viewer[0],viewer[1],viewer[2], 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
glRotatef(theta[0], 1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
glRotatef(theta[1], 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
glRotatef(theta[2], 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
glDrawElements(GL_QUADS,24,GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,list);
glFlush();
void mouse(int btn, int state, int x, int y)
{ if(btn==GLUT_LEFT_BUTTON && state == GLUT_DOWN) axis = 0;
if(btn==GLUT_MIDDLE_BUTTON && state == GLUT_DOWN) axis = 1;
if(btn==GLUT_RIGHT_BUTTON && state == GLUT_DOWN) axis = 2;
theta[axis] += 2.0;
if( theta[axis] > 360.0 ) theta[axis] -= 360.0;
display();
void keys(unsigned char key, int x, int y)
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{ if(key == 'x') viewer[0]-= 1.0;
if(key == 'X') viewer[0]+= 1.0;
if(key == 'y') viewer[1]-= 1.0;
if(key == 'Y') viewer[1]+= 1.0;
if(key == 'z') viewer[2]-= 1.0;
if(key == 'Z') viewer[2]+= 1.0;
display();
int main(int argc, char **argv)
glutInit(&argc,argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE|GLUT_RGB|GLUT_DEPTH);
glutInitWindowSize(700, 700);
glutCreateWindow("Colorcube Viewer");
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glFrustum(-2.0, 2.0, -2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 20.0);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glutDisplayFunc(display);
glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
glEnableClientState(GL_COLOR_ARRAY);
glVertexPointer(3,GL_FLOAT,0,v);
glColorPointer(3,GL_FLOAT,0,c);
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glutMouseFunc(mouse);
glutKeyboardFunc(keys);
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
glutMainLoop();
OUTPUT:
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Program No.5
Clip a lines using Cohen-Sutherland algorithm
#include <GL/glut.h>
double xmin=50,ymin=50, xmax=100,ymax=100; // Window boundaries
double xvmin=200,yvmin=200,xvmax=300,yvmax=300; // Viewport boundaries
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//bit codes for the right, left, top, & bottom
const int RIGHT = 8;
const int LEFT = 2;
const int TOP = 4;
const int BOTTOM = 1;
//function to compute bit codes of a point
//Compute the bit code for a point (x, y) using the clip rectangle bounded
diagonally by (xmin, ymin), and (xmax, ymax)
int ComputeOutCode (double x, double y)
int code = 0;
if (y > ymax) //above the clip window
code |= TOP;
else if (y < ymin) //below the clip window
code |= BOTTOM;
if (x > xmax) //to the right of clip window
code |= RIGHT;
else if (x < xmin) //to the left of clip window
code |= LEFT;
return code;
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/*Cohen-Sutherland clipping algorithm clips a line from P0 = (x0, y0) to P1 = (x1,
y1) against a rectangle */
void CohenSutherlandLineClipAndDraw (double x0, double y0,double x1, double
y1)
//Outcodes for P0, P1 and the point that lies outside the clip rectangle
int outcode0, outcode1, outcodeOut;
_Bool accept =0, done =0;
//compute outcodes
outcode0 = ComputeOutCode (x0, y0);
outcode1 = ComputeOutCode (x1, y1);
do{
if (!(outcode0 | outcode1)) //logical OR is 0: Trivially accept & exit
accept =1;
done =1;
else if (outcode0 & outcode1) //logical AND is not 0: Trivially reject
and exit
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done =1;
else
//calculate the line segment to clip from an outside point to an
intersection with clip edge
double x, y;
//At least one endpoint is outside the clip rectangle; pick it.
outcodeOut = outcode0? outcode0: outcode1;
//Now find the intersection point with formula: y = y0 + slope *
(x - x0), x = x0 + (1/slope)* (y - y0)
if (outcodeOut & TOP) //point is above the clip rectangle
x = x0 + (x1 - x0) * (ymax - y0)/(y1 - y0);
y = ymax;
else if (outcodeOut & BOTTOM) //point is below the clip
rectangle
x = x0 + (x1 - x0) * (ymin - y0)/(y1 - y0);
y = ymin;
}
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else if (outcodeOut & RIGHT) //point is to the right of clip
rectangle
y = y0 + (y1 - y0) * (xmax - x0)/(x1 - x0);
x = xmax;
else //point is to the left of clip rectangle
y = y0 + (y1 - y0) * (xmin - x0)/(x1 - x0);
x = xmin;
//Now we move outside point to intersection point to clip
//and get ready for next pass.
if (outcodeOut == outcode0)
x0 = x;
y0 = y;
outcode0 = ComputeOutCode (x0, y0);
else
x1 = x;
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y1 = y;
outcode1 = ComputeOutCode (x1, y1);
}while (!done);
if (accept)
{ // Window to viewport mappings
double sx=(xvmax-xvmin)/(xmax-xmin); // Scale parameters
double sy=(yvmax-yvmin)/(ymax-ymin);
double vx0=xvmin+(x0-xmin)*sx;
double vy0=yvmin+(y0-ymin)*sy;
double vx1=xvmin+(x1-xmin)*sx;
double vy1=yvmin+(y1-ymin)*sy;
//draw a red colored viewport
glColor3f(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
glBegin(GL_LINE_LOOP);
glVertex2f(xvmin, yvmin);
glVertex2f(xvmax, yvmin);
glVertex2f(xvmax, yvmax);
glVertex2f(xvmin, yvmax);
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glEnd();
glColor3f(0.0,0.0,1.0); // draw blue colored clipped line
glBegin(GL_LINES);
glVertex2d (vx0, vy0);
glVertex2d (vx1, vy1);
glEnd();
void display()
double x0=60,y0=20,x1=80,y1=120;
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glColor3f(1.0,0.0,0.0);
glBegin(GL_LINES);
glVertex2d (x0, y0);
glVertex2d (x1, y1);
glEnd();
glColor3f(0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
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glBegin(GL_LINE_LOOP);
glVertex2f(xmin, ymin);
glVertex2f(xmax, ymin);
glVertex2f(xmax, ymax);
glVertex2f(xmin, ymax);
glEnd();
CohenSutherlandLineClipAndDraw(x0,y0,x1,y1);
glFlush();
void myinit()
glClearColor(1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0);
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
gluOrtho2D(0.0,499.0,0.0,499.0);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
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//int x1, x2, y1, y2;
//printf("Enter End points:");
//scanf("%d%d%d%d", &x1,&x2,&y1,&y2);
glutInit(&argc,argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE|GLUT_RGB);
glutInitWindowSize(500,500);
glutInitWindowPosition(0,0);
glutCreateWindow("Cohen Suderland Line Clipping Algorithm");
glutDisplayFunc(display);
myinit();
glutMainLoop();
}
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OUTPUT:
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Program No.6
Draw a simple shaded scene consisting of a tea pot on a table. Define suitably
the position and properties of the light source along with the properties of the
surfaces of the solid object used in the scene.
#include<GL/glut.h>
void obj(double tx,double ty,double tz,double sx,double sy,double sz)
glRotated(50,0,1,0);
glRotated(-10,1,0,0);
glRotated(-10,0,0,1);
glTranslated(tx,ty,tz);
glScaled(sx,sy,sz);
glutSolidCube(1);
glLoadIdentity();
void display()
{
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//glViewport(0,0,700,700);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
obj(0,0,0.5,1,1,0.05); // right wall
obj(0,-0.5,0,1,0.05,1); // bottom wall
obj(-0.5,0,0,0.05,1,1); // left wall
obj(0,-0.3,0,0.02,0.2,0.02); // four table legs
obj(0,-0.3,-0.4,0.02,0.2,0.02);
obj(0.4,-0.3,0,0.02,0.2,0.02);
obj(0.4,-0.3,-0.4,0.02,0.2,0.02);
obj(0.2,-0.18,-0.2,0.6,0.02,0.6); // table top
glRotated(50,0,1,0);
glRotated(-10,1,0,0);
glRotated(-10,0,0,1);
glTranslated(0.3,-0.1,-0.3);
glutSolidTeapot(0.1);
glFlush();
glLoadIdentity();
}
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int main(int argc, char **argv)
glutInit(&argc,argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE|GLUT_RGB|GLUT_DEPTH);
float ambient[]={1,1,1,1};
float light_pos[]={27,80,2,0};
glutInitWindowSize(700,700);
glutCreateWindow("scene");
glutDisplayFunc(display);
glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);
glEnable(GL_LIGHT0);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT,GL_AMBIENT,ambient);
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_POSITION,light_pos);
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
glutMainLoop();
}
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OUTPUT:
