A
week is a time unit equal to seven days. It is the standard time period used for cycles of rest days
in most parts of the world, mostly alongside—although not strictly part of—the Gregorian calendar.
In many languages, the days of the week are named after classical planets or gods of a pantheon.
In English, the names are Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday,
then returning to Sunday. Such a week may be called a planetary week.[citation needed] This arrangement is
similar to a week in the New Testament in which the seven days are simply numbered with the first
day being a Christian day of worship (aligned with Sunday) and the seventh day being a sabbath
day (Saturday).
While, for example, the United States, Canada, Brazil, Japan and other countries consider Sunday
as the first day of the week, and while the week begins with Saturday in much of the Middle East, the
international ISO 8601 standard[a] and most of Europe has Monday as the first day of the week. The
ISO standard includes the ISO week date system, a numbering system for weeks within a given
year, where each week starting on a Monday is associated with the year that contains that week's
Thursday (so that if a year starts in a long weekend Friday–Sunday, week number one of the year
will start after that, and if, conversely, a year ends on a Monday, Tuesday or Wednesday, the last
days of the year are counted as part of week 1 of the following year). ISO 8601 assigns numbers to
the days of the week, running from 1 for Monday through 7 for Sunday.
The term "week" is sometimes expanded to refer to other time units comprising a few days, such as
the nundinal cycle of the ancient Roman calendar, the "work week", or "school week" referring only
to the days spent on those activities.