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Grammar - Conjunctions

This document discusses different types of conjunctions: coordinating conjunctions like and, but, or, nor; subordinating conjunctions which introduce dependent clauses; correlative conjunctions used in pairs like either/or; and conjunctive adverbs which link ideas and show logical relationships. Coordinating conjunctions join words, phrases and independent clauses. Subordinating conjunctions are placed at the front of dependent clauses. Correlative conjunctions denote equality and show relationships between ideas. Conjunctive adverbs link clauses, sentences or paragraphs and show logical connections.

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77 views3 pages

Grammar - Conjunctions

This document discusses different types of conjunctions: coordinating conjunctions like and, but, or, nor; subordinating conjunctions which introduce dependent clauses; correlative conjunctions used in pairs like either/or; and conjunctive adverbs which link ideas and show logical relationships. Coordinating conjunctions join words, phrases and independent clauses. Subordinating conjunctions are placed at the front of dependent clauses. Correlative conjunctions denote equality and show relationships between ideas. Conjunctive adverbs link clauses, sentences or paragraphs and show logical connections.

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Conjunctions

Coordinating Conjunctions

Comes usually in the middle of a sentence, and a comma is used before the conjunction (unless both
clauses are very short). They join individual words, phrases, and independent clauses.
Whereas coordinating conjunctions join parts of a 'sentence', the purpose of transitional words and
phrases usually is to join two 'sentences'.
The purpose of most computer languages is to lengthen your resume by a word and a comma. [Larry
Wall]

And, but, for, nor, or, so, and yet — are the seven coordinating conjunctions. To remember them, the
acronym FANBOYS can be used.
 F = for
 A = and
 N = nor
 B = but
 O = or
 Y = yet
 S = so

Subordinating Conjunctions

Also called subordinators, introduce a dependent clause. These adverbs that act like conjunctions are
placed at the front of the clause - and a comma is needed at the end of the adverbial phrase when it
precedes the main clause.

 Conjunctions Concession o assuming that


o though o even if
o although o in case (that)
o even though o lest
o while  Conjunctions Comparison
 Conjunctions Condition o than
o if o rather than
o only if o whether
o unless o as much as
o until o whereas
o provided that
Conjunctions

o why
 Relative Adjective
 Conjunctions Time o that
o after o what
o as long as o whatever
o as soon as o which
o before o whichever
o by the time  Relative Pronoun
o now that o who
o once o whoever
o since o whom
o till o whomever
o until o whose
o when  Conjunctions Manner
o whenever o how
o while o as though
 Conjunctions Reason o as if
o because  Conjunctions Place
o since o where
o so that o wherever 
o in order (that)

Correlative Conjunctions

They are always used in pairs and denote equality; and show the relationship between ideas expressed
in different parts of a sentence - and thus make the joining tighter and more emphatic. When joining
singular and plural subjects, the subject closest to the verb determines whether the verb is singular or
plural.
 as . . . as  if . . . then
 just as . . . so  not . . . but
 both . . . and  what with . . . and
 hardly . . . when  whether . . . or
 scarcely . . . when  not only . . . but also
 either . . . or  no sooner . . . than
 neither . . . nor  rather . . . than 
Conjunctions

Conjunctive Adverbs

They are often used as a linking device between ideas. They show logical relationships expressed in
clauses, sentences or paragraphs. Conjunctive adverbs are very emphatic, so they should be used
sparingly.

 Similar to And
o also
 Similar to So
o besides
o accordingly
o furthermore
o consequently
o likewise
o hence
o moreover
o meanwhile
 Similar to But
o then
o however
o therefore
o nevertheless
o thus
o nonetheless
o still
o conversely
o instead
o otherwise
o rather

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