Duhok Polytechnic University
Engineering Technical College
Highway & Bridges Department
Second stage
Concrete Technology
A REPORT ABOUT
Initial and final time of setting of cement
Student Name: Esmat Othman ali
No. of Test: “ 3 “
Date: 014-10-2017 Group: B
Code Name:
Introduction:-
At the first we will weight 400g of cement next we will prepare
amount of water as to that calculated in ( Normal Consistency ) test
after that we will prepare a cement paste than put the cement paste
in the Vicate Conical Ring and record the time when we add the
water in to the cement paste at the final we will penetration the
cement paste with 1mm diameter needle, far than Vicate Conical
Ring at least 1mm and at least 6mm far than another penetration
and do the penetration for each 15min.
Objectives:-
This test covers determination of the time of setting of cement
by means of the Vicat needle.
Principle Apparatus:-
1-Vicat apparatus.
2-Needle with 1mm in diameter.
3-Sensitive Balance.
4-Weighing Device.
5-Graduates Glass that have (200 – 250)ml capacity.
6-Trowel.
7-Container.
8-Cement.
Specification:-
Fresh concrete till be the hardened concrete want the time,
this time is two parts initial and final, initial setting time is above or
equal to the 60min.
𝑰𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝑺𝒆𝒕𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑻𝒊𝒎𝒆 ≥ 𝟔𝟎𝒎𝒊𝒏
And the final setting time is less or equal to 10h.
𝑭𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝑺𝒆𝒕𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑻𝒊𝒎𝒆 ≤ 𝟏𝟎𝒉
Procedure:-
1-Weight 400g of cement.
2-Prepare amount of water as to that calculated in ( Normal
Consistency ) test.
3-Prepare a cement paste like a ( Normal Consistency ) test.
4-Place the cement paste in a Vicate conical ring.
5-We will record the time when we add the water in to the cement
paste.
6-We will determine the penetration of the 1mm needle at every
15min until a penetration of 35mm or less is obtained.
7-To read the penetration , lower the needle of Vicate Apparatus
until it touches the surface of the cement paste, Tighten the screw
and take an initial Reading, release the set screw and allow the
needle to settle for 30 seconds, and then take the reading to
determine the penetration.
8-Ther is no penetration shall be made closer than 6mm from any
previous penetration or no penetration shall be made closer than
9.5mm from the inside of the mold, record the results of all
penetration, then by drawing a curve determine the time when
penetration of 35mm is obtained and it will be an initial setting time.
9-The final setting time is when the needle dose not sinks visible in
to the paste.
10-Draw a graph for penetration time when the time gives us
penetration of 35mm.
Calculation & Results:-
Initial setting time is showing to us when the penetration of
setting time equal to 35mm or less, and final setting time is showing
to us with this base:-
𝑭𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝑺𝒆𝒕𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑻𝒊𝒎𝒆 = 𝟏. 𝟐 × 𝑰𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝑺𝒆𝒕𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑻𝒊𝒎𝒆 + 𝟗𝟎𝒎𝒊𝒏.
𝑰𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝑺𝒆𝒕𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑻𝒊𝒎𝒆 = 𝟐𝟑𝟎𝒎𝒊𝒏
𝑭𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝑺𝒆𝒕𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑻𝒊𝒎𝒆 = 𝟏. 𝟐 × 𝑰𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝑺𝒆𝒕𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑻𝒊𝒎𝒆 + 𝟗𝟎𝒎𝒊𝒏
𝑭𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝑺𝒆𝒕𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑻𝒊𝒎𝒆 = 𝟏. 𝟐 × 𝟏𝟐𝟎 + 𝟗𝟎𝒎𝒊𝒏
𝑭𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝑺𝒆𝒕𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑻𝒊𝒎𝒆 = 𝟐𝟑𝟒𝒎𝒊𝒏
Number Time(min) Penetration(mm)
1 0 0
2 15 0
3 30 0
4 45 0
5 60 0
6 75 0
7 90 0
8 105 0
9 120 6
6
Penetration(mm)
3
Penetration(mm)
Time(mm)
2
1
1
0
0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165 180 195 210 225 240 255
Time(min)
Discussion:-
Setting time test covers determination of the time of setting of
cement by means of the Vicat needle. The factor that affects the
setting time are Cement type, Composition, Fineness of cement,
Atmospheric temperature humidity and amount of water. The
fineness of cement affect the hardness of the cement, the time that
will be hard and the strength of it. The Iraq specification for the
setting time said the initial setting time will be equal or above the
60min and the final setting time will be equal or less than 10h. The
mistakes that made in the setting time test are don’t make the
sample for 4 samples, compressive the sample, cement paste isn’t
on most able permeation plate and the needle isn’t far than Vicate
Conical Ring at least 1mm or the needle isn’t far than another
penetration at least 6mm. To find the final setting time we will
multiple able initial setting time by 1.2 and then plus them to 90
minutes.
𝑭𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝑺𝒆𝒕𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑻𝒊𝒎𝒆 = 𝟏. 𝟐 × 𝑰𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝑺𝒆𝒕𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑻𝒊𝒎𝒆 + 𝟗𝟎𝒎𝒊𝒏
For the initial setting time test we use the needle that is 1mm in
diameter. For normal consistency test we use the needle that is
5mm.
