Chem 214 Homework #2
Due February 22, 2021 by 11:59 pm on Moodle.
1. (5 points) For the set of numbers: 2.35, 2.37, 2.44, 2.26, 2.34, 2.41, 2.39
a) Calculate the mean and standard deviation.
b) Calculate the standard deviation of the mean.
c) Calculate the 90% and 99% confidence intervals.
2. (10 points) An atomic absorption method for the determination of Cu in fuels yielded
a pooled standard deviation from many replicate analyses of s → = 0.32 g Cu/mL
(this is the population standard deviation, or the standard deviation with infinite
degrees of freedom). The analysis of the oil from a reciprocating aircraft engine
using this method showed a Cu content of 8.53 g/mL. Calculate the 95% and 99%
confidence interval if the result was based on:
a) a single analysis
b) the mean of 4 analyses
c) the mean of 16 analyses
3. (10 points) Many careful measurements from multiple laboratories have determined
that a certain material contains 0.137% Mg. Your new procedure gives values of
0.129, 0.133, 0.130, 0.130, 0.128, and 0.131% when measuring the same material.
Do your values differ from the expected values at the 95% confidence level?
4. (10 points) An enzymatic method for determining alcohol content in wine is
evaluated by comparison with a gas chromatography method. The same sample is
analyzed several times by both methods with the following averaged results (%
ethanol). Does the enzymatic method give the same value as the GC method at the
95% confidence level?
Enzymatic method: 13.1, 12.7, 12.6, 13.3, 13.3
GC method: 13.5, 13.3, 13.0, 12.9
5. (10 points) One method for determining the weight percent of Na2CO3 in soda ash is
to use an acid-base titration. When two analysts analyze the same sample of soda ash
they obtain the results below. Do the results from the two analysts agree at the 95%
confidence level?
Analyst A: 86.82, 87.04, 86.93, 87.01, 86.20, 87.00
Analyst B: 81.01, 86.15, 81.73, 83.19, 80.27, 83.93
6. (10 points) Nine different samples of illicit heroin preparations were analyzed using
gas chromatography in two different labs. The following data were obtained:
Sample % heroin Lab 1 % heroin Lab 2
1 2.24 2.27
2 8.4 8.7
3 7.6 7.5
4 11.9 12.6
5 4.3 4.2
6 1.07 1.02
7 14.4 14.8
8 21.9 21.1
9 8.8 8.4
Are the results obtained from this analysis consistent or significantly different (at the
95% confidence level) using the two gas chromatographs? (Show all calculated
values.)
Suggested problems: 4-1, 4-4, 4-9, 4-12, 4-19, 4-22, 4-23, 4-29, 4-35