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GUIDE QUESTIONS 1
1. What is National Building Code of the Philippines?
The National Building Code of the Philippines also known to be PD 1096 was made as a revision
of then RA 6541 to embody up-to-date and modern technical knowledge on building design,
construction, use, occupancy and maintenance. From Section 102. Declaration of Policy, it is
stated that, its purpose is to provide for all buildings and structures, a framework of minimum
standards and requirements to regulate and control their location, site, design, quality of
materials, construction, use, occupancy, and maintenance.
2. State the General Building Requirements.
Under Section 104, the General Building Requirements are as follows:
a) All buildings or structures as well as accessory facilities thereto shall conform in all
respects to the principles of safe construction and must be suited to the purpose for
which they are designed.
b) Buildings or structures intended to be used for the manufacture and/or production of
any kind of article or product shall observe adequate environmental safeguards.
c) Buildings or structures and all parts thereof as well as facilities found therein shall be
maintained in safe, sanitary and good working condition.
3. Who is the Building Official? What are his duties?
To become a Building Official, one must possess the following qualifications
a) A Filipino citizen of good moral character.
b) A Duly registered architect or civil engineer.
c) A member of good standing of a duly accredited organization of his profession for not
less than two years.
d) Has at least five years of diversified and professional experience in building design and
construction.
The Duties of a Building Official are:
a) In his respective territorial jurisdiction, the Building Official shall be primarily
responsible for the enforcement of the provisions of this Code as well as the
implementing rules and regulations issued thereof. He is the official charged
with the duties of issuing building permits.
b) Inspect and determine compliance of buildings with the requirements of this
Code, and the terms and conditions provided for in the building permit as
issued.
c) Order the work to be stopped and prescribe the terms and conditions when
work is allowed; order the discontinuance of the occupancy or use of any
building or structure or portion thereof found to be occupied or used contrary
to the provisions of this Code.
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4. What is a Building Permit? What is contained in the Building Permit?
A Building Permit is a legal document obtained from the Building Official that precedes any
activities to be made on a building or structure.
In the application for the permit, at least the following information are needed:
1) A description of work to be covered by the permit applied for;
2) Description and ownership of the lot on which the proposed work is to
be done as evidenced by TCT and/or copy of the contract of lease over
the lot if applicant is not the registered owner;
3) The use or occupancy for which the proposed work is intended;
4) Estimated cost of the proposed work
To be submitted together with such application are at least five sets of corresponding plans and
specifications prepared, signed and sealed by a duly licensed architect or civil engineer in case of
architectural and structural plans.
5. What does the Code say about Inspection and Supervision of Work?
The owner of the building who is issued or granted a building permit under this Code shall
engage the services of a duly licensed architect or civil engineer to undertake the full inspection
and supervision of the construction work.
Such architect or civil engineer may or may not be the same architect or civil engineer who is
responsible for the design of the building.
It is understood however that in either case, the designing architect or civil engineer is not
precluded from conducting inspection of the construction work to check and determine
compliance with the plans and specifications of the building as submitted.
There shall be kept at the jobsites at all times a logbook wherein the actual progress of
construction including tests conducted, weather conditions and other pertinent data are to be
recorded.
Upon completion of the construction, the said licensed architect or civil engineer shall submit
the logbook, duly signed and sealed, to the Building Official. He shall also prepare and submit a
Certificate of Completion of the project stating that the construction of building conforms to the
provisions of this Code as well as with the approved plans and specifications.
To summarize, it gives emphasis to having the services of a licensed architect or civil
engineer in the inspection and supervision during construction, making sure it conforms
not only to the Code but as well as with the approved plans and specifications. Progress
of the job being done must also be recorded and submitted during the completion of the
projects.
6. What is Certificate of Occupancy?
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A Certificate of Occupancy shall be issued by the Building Official within thirty days if after the
final inspection and submittal of a Certificate of Completion, it is found that the building or
structure complies with the provisions of this Code.
7. What are the types of construction?
1) Type I buildings shall be of word construction. The structural elements may be any of the
materials permitted by this Code.
2) Type II buildings shall be of wood construction with protective fire-resistant materials and one-
hour fire resistive throughout; Except, that permanent non-bearing partitions may use fire-
retardant treated wood within the framing assembly.
3) Type III buildings shall be of masonry and wood construction. Structural elements may be any of
the materials permitted by this Code: Provided, that the building shall be one-hour fire resistive
throughout. Exterior walls shall be of incombustible fire-resistive construction.
4) Type IV buildings shall be of steel, iron, concrete, or masonry construction. Walls, ceilings, and
permanent partitions shall be of incombustible fire-resistive construction: Except, that
permanent non-bearing partitions of one-hour fire-resistive construction may use fire-retardant
treated wood within the framing assembly.
5) Type V buildings shall be fire resistive. The structural elements shall be of steel, iron, concrete,
or masonry construction. Walls, ceilings and permanent partitions shall be of incombustible fire-
resistive construction.
8. What are the classification and general requirements of all buildings by use or occupancy?
1) Group A – Residential Dwellings; Group A Occupancies shall be dwellings.
2) Group B – Residentials, Hotels and Apartments; Occupancies shall be multiple dwelling
units including boarding or lodging houses, hotels, apartment buildings, row houses,
convents, monasteries and other similar building each of which accommodates more
than 10 persons.
3) Group C – Education and Recreation; Group C Occupancies shall be buildings used for
school or day-care purposes, involving assemblage for instruction, education, or
recreation, and not classified in Group I or in Division 1 and 2 or Group H Occupancies.
4) Group D – Institutional
Group D Occupancies shall include:
Division 1 - Mental hospitals, mental sanitaria, jails, prisons, reformatories, and
buildings were personal liberties of inmates are similarly restrained.
Division 2 - Nurseries for full-time care of children under kindergarten age,
hospitals, sanitaria, nursing homes with non-ambulatory patients, and similar
buildings each accommodating more than five persons.
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Division 3 - Nursing homes for ambulatory patients, homes for children of
kindergarten age or over, each accommodating more than five persons:
Provided, that Group D Occupancies shall not include buildings used only for
private or family group dwelling purposes.
5) Group E – Business and Mercantile
Group E shall include:
Division 1 - Gasoline filling and service stations, storage garages and boat
storage structures where no work is done except exchange of parts and
maintenance requiring no open flame, welding, or the use of highly flammable
liquids.
Division 2 - Wholesale and retail stores, office buildings, drinking and dining
establishments having an occupant load of less than one hundred persons,
printing plants, police and fire stations, factories and workshops using not highly
flammable or combustible materials and paint stores without bulk handlings.
Division 3 - Aircraft hangars and open parking garages where no repair work is
done except exchange of parts and maintenance requiring no open flame,
welding or the use of highly flammable liquids.
6) Group F – Industrial
Group F Occupancies shall include: ice plants, power plants, pumping plants,
cold storage, and creameries, factories and workshops using incombustible and
non-explosive materials, and storage and sales rooms for incombustible and
non-explosive materials.
7) Group G – Storage and Hazardous
Groups G Occupancies shall include:
Division 1 - Storage and handling of hazardous and highly flammable material.
Division 2 - Storage and handling of flammable materials, dry cleaning plants
using flammable liquids; paint stores with bulk handling, paint shops and spray-
painting rooms.
Division 3 - Wood working establishments, planning mills and box factories,
shops, factories where loose combustible fibers or dust are manufactured,
processed or generated; warehouses where highly combustible materials is
stored.
Division 4 - Repair garages.
Division 5 - Aircraft repair hangars.
8) Group H – Assembly Other Than Group I
Group H Occupancies shall include:
Division 1 - Any assembly building with a stage and an occupant load of less than
1000 in the building.
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Division 2 - Any assembly building without stage and having an occupant load of
300 or more in the building.
Division 3 - Any assembly building without a stage and having an occupant load
of less than 300 in the building.
Division 4 - Stadia, reviewing stands, amusement park structures not included
within Group I or in Division 1, 2, and 3 of this Group.
9) Group I – Assembly Occupant Load 1000 or More
Group I Occupancies shall be any assembly building with a stage and an
occupant load of 1000 or more in the building.
10) Group J – Accessory
Group J Occupancies shall include:
Division 1 - Agricultural structures.
Division 2 - Private garages, carports, fences over 1.80 meters high, tanks,
swimming pools and towers.
Division 3 - Stages, platforms, pelota, tennis, badminton or basketball courts,
tombs, mausoleums, niches, aviaries, aquariums, zoo
structures, banks and record vaults
Other subgroupings or divisions within Groups A to J may be determined by the
Secretary. Any other occupancy not mentioned specifically in this Section, or
about which there is any question, shall be included in the Group which it most
nearly resembles based on the existing or proposed life and fire hazard.
9. What are the minimum requirements for Group A dwellings?
1) Dwelling Location and Lot Occupancy
The dwelling shall occupy not more than 90% of a corner lot and 80% of an inside lot, and subject
to the provisions on Easements of Light and View of the Civil Code of Philippines, shall be at least
2.00 meters from the property line.
2) Light and Ventilation
Every dwelling shall be so constructed and arranged as to provide adequate light and ventilation
as provided under Section 805 to Section 811 of the Code.
3) Sanitation
Every dwelling shall be provided with at least one sanitary toilet and adequate washing and
drainage facilities.
4) Foundation
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Footings shall be of sufficient size and strength to support the load of the dwelling and shall be at
least 250 millimeters thick and 600 millimeters below the surface of the ground.
5) Post
The dimensions of wooden posts shall be those found in Table VII.5. Dimensions of Wooden
Posts. Each post shall be anchored to such footing by straps and bolts of adequate size.
6) Floor
The live load of the first floor shall be at least 200 kilograms per sq. meter and for the second
floor, at least 150 kilograms per sq. meter.
7) Roof
The wind load for roofs shall be at least 120 kilograms per sq. meter for vertical projection.
8) Stairs
Stairs shall be at least 750 millimeters in clear width, with a rise of 200 millimeters and a
minimum run of 200 millimeters.
9) Entrance and Exit
There shall be at least one entrance and another one for exit. 10. Electrical Requirements All
electrical installations shall conform to the requirements of the Philippine Electrical Code.
10) Electrical Requirements
All electrical installations shall conform to the requirements of the Philippine Electrical Code.
11) Mechanical Requirements
Mechanical systems and/or equipment installations shall be subject to the requirements of the
Philippine Mechanical Engineering Code.
10. What are the minimum size and dimensions of rooms?
1) Rooms for Human Habitations – 6.00 sq.m with a least dimension of 2.00 meters;
2) Kitchens – 3.00 square meters with at least dimension of 1.50 meters;
3) Bath and Toilet- 1.20 sq.m with a least dimension of 0.90 meter.
11. What are the air space requirements in determining the size of rooms?
Minimum air space shall be provided as follows:
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a. School Rooms – 3.00 cu. meters with 1.00 sq. meter of floor area per person;
b. Workshop, Factories, and Offices – 12.00 cu. meters of air space per person; and
c. Habitable Rooms – 14.00 cu. meters of air space per person.
12. What is the general requirement for sanitation?
Subject to the provisions of Book II of the Civil Code of the Philippines on Property, Ownership,
and its Modification, all buildings hereafter erected, altered, remodeled, relocated or repaired
for human habitation shall be provided with adequate and potable water supply, plumbing
installation, and suitable wastewater treatment or disposal system, storm water drainage, pest
and vermin control, noise abatement device, and such other measures required for the
protection and promotion of health of persons occupying the premises and others living nearby.
