METODE SLOPE DEFLECTION
Contoh Soal Portal Bidang Tidak Bergoyang (Non-Sway Plane Frame)
Diketahui struktur portal dengan pembebanan seperti gambar berikut :
Penyelesaian :
1. Derajat kebebasan dalam pergoyangan struktur statis tak tentu :
n = 2j – (m + 2f + 2h + r)
dengan :
n = jumlah derajat kebebasan (degree of fredom)
j = jumlah titik simpul, termasuk perletakan (joint)
m = jumlah batang yang dibatasi oleh dua joint (member)
f = jumlah perletakan jepit(fixed)
h = jumlah perletakan sendi (hinged)
r = jumlah perletakan rol (roll)
Cek : n = 2x4 – (3 + 2x2 + 2x0 + 1)
= 8 – 8 = 0 ≤0 →tidak ada pergoyangan
2. MENENTUKAN JUMLAH VARIABEL YANG ADA
A = rol, θA bukan variabel
B = titik simpul, ada variable θB
C = jepit, θC = 0
D = jepit, θD =0
Jadi variabelnya hanya satu, θB
3. PERHITUNGAN MOMEN PRIMER DAN KEKAKUAN BATANG
Momen primer
MF BA = + 3/16 PL = + 3/16 (3) 6 = + 9 tm
MF BC = - 1/8 PL = - 1/8 (2) 4 = - 1 tm
MFCB = + 1/8 PL = + 1/8 (2) 4 = + 2 tm
Kekakuan batang
KBA = 3EI/L = 3(2EI)/6 = 1 EI
KBC = KCB = 4EI/L = 4(EI)/4 = 1 EI
KBD = KDB = 4EI/L = 4(EI)/6 = 0,66 EI
4. PERSAMAAN SLOPE DEFLECTION
MAB = M°AB + 1 EI (2θA + θB) = 0 + 2 EIθA + 1 EIθB (1)
MBA = M°BA + 1 EI (2θB + θA) = +9 + 2 EIθB + 1 EIθA (2)
MBC = M°BC + 1 EI (2θB + θC) = -1 + 2 EIθB + 1 EIθC (3)
MCB = M°CB + 1 EI (2θC + θB) = 1 + 2 EIθC + 1 EIθB (4)
MBD = M°BD + 0,66 EI (2θB + θD) = 0 + 1,33 EIθB + 0,66 EIθD (5)
MDB = M°DB + 0,66 EI (2θD + θB) = + 0 + 1,33 EIθD + 0,66 EIθB (6)
Syarat batas (boundary condition) :
C = jepit, θC = 0
D = jepit, θD = 0
A = rol, MAB = 0
PERSMAAN SLOPE DEFLECTION MENJADI
0 = 2 EIθA + 1 EIθB (1a)
MBA = 9 + 2 EIθB + 1 EIθA (2a)
MBC = -1 + 2 EIθB (3a)
MCB = 1 + 1 EIθB (4a)
MBD = 1,33 EIθB (5a)
MDB = 0,66 EIθB (6a)
5. MENCARI NILAI θ B
Σ Mb = 0
(2a) + (3a) + (5a) = 0
(9 + 2 EIθB + 1 EIθA) +(-1 + 2 EIθB ) + (1,33 EIθB ) = 0
(+8+ 5,33 EI θB + 1EI θA) = 0
1EI θA + 5,33 EI θB = -8 (7)
Eliminasi – substitusi persamaan 1a dengan persamaan 7
1EI θA + 5,33 EI θB = -8 x 2 2EI θA + 10,66EI θB = 16
2EIθA + 1 EIθB = 0 x 1 2 EIθA + 1 EIθB = 0
9,66 EIθB = 16
EIθB =1,553
Substitusi EIθB ke persamaan 1a
2 EIθA + 1 EIθB = 0
2 EIθA + 1( 1,553 )= 0
2 EIθA + 1,553 = 0
EIθA = -0,776
6. MOMEN UJUNG
MAB = 2(-0,776) + 1( 1,553 )= -1,553 + 1,553 = 0 tm (1b)
MBA = +9 + 2 (1,553) + 1 (-0,776) = 9+ 3,106 -0,776 = 11 ,33 tm (2b)
MBC = -1 + 2 (1,553) = 2,106 tm (3b)
MCB = 1 + 1 (1,553) = 2,553 tm (4b)
MBD = 1,33 (1,553) =2,065 tm (5b)
MDB = 0,66 (1,553) =1,024 tm (6b)
7. URAIAN FREEBODY
• Batang AB
ΣMB = 0
RA.6 – P1.3 + MBA = 0
RA.6 – 3.3 + 11 ,33 = 0
6RA – 9 + 11 ,33 = 0
6RA + 2,33 = 0
RA = -0,388
ΣV= 0
RA - P1 + RB = 0
-0,388 - 3 + RB = 0
-3,388 + RB= 0
RB = 3,388
• Batang BC
ΣMB = 0
RC.4 + P2.2 – MCB - MBC = 0
RC.4 + 2 .2 – 2,553 – 2,106 = 0
4 RC + 4 – 4,639= 0
4 RC - 0,639 = 0
RC = 0,159
ΣV= 0
RB1 – P2 + RC = 0
RB1 – 2 + 0,159 = 0
0,159- 2+ RB1= 0
RB1 = 1,841
• Batang BD
ΣMB = 0 ΣV= 0 RB3 + RD = 0
RD.6– MDB - MBD = 0 RB3 + 0,514 = 0
RD.6– 1,024 - 2,065 = 0 RB3 = 0,514
6RD – 1,024 - 2,065 = 0
6RD – 3,089= 0 DV =RB + RB1
RD= 3,089/6
DV =3,388+ 1,841
RD = 0,514
DV = 5,229
• Freebody Superposisi
8. KONTROL STRUKTUR
• ΣMA = 0
(P1 x 2) – (VD x 4) + (HD x 4) + (P2 x 5) – (VC x 6) + MCB + MDB = 0
(3 X 2 ) – (5,229 X 4 ) + (0,514 x 4) +(2 X 5 )– (0,159 X 6 ) + 2,553 + 1,024 = 0
6 – 20,916 + 2,056 + 10 -0,954 + 2,553 + 1,024 = 0
0=0
• ΣV = 0
VA – P1 + VD – P2 + VC = 0
-0,388 – 3 + 5,229 – 2 + 0,159 = 0
0=0
• ΣH = 0
HC – HD = 0
0,514 – 0,514 = 0
0=0
9. MENGHITUNG BIDANG M & D
• Bidang M
- Batang AB
Diagram momen (M)
Momen di x = 3
0 + Ra . x
0 + (-0,388) . 3
-1,164 tm
- Batang BC
Diagram momen (M)
Momen di x = 2
2,106 + Rb . x
2,106 + 1,841 . 2
5,788 tm
• Bidang D
- Batang AB
Gaya lintangdari x = 0 sd x= 6
Dx = 0 , Ra = -0,388 ton
Dx = 3 , Ra – P1 = -0,388 - 6 = -6,388 ton
Dx = 6 , Ra – P1+Rb =-0,388 – 6 +6,388 = 0
- Batang BC
Gaya lintangdari x = 0 sd x= 4
Dx = 0 ,Rb= 1,841 ton
Dx = 2 ,Rb – P2 = 1,841 – 4 = -2,159 ton
Dx = 4 ,Rb – P2+Rc = 1,841 – 4 + 2,159 = 0
- Batang BD
10. Menghitung Bidang N
Batang BD
N BD = Rb + Rb1
= 3,388 + 1,841
= 5,229
11. Diagram Superposisi Bidang M, D, N
- Bidang M
- Bidang D
- Bidang N
