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Acids and Bases.: Unreacted Marble Chips Water Evaporates Off

This document discusses acids and bases. It states that bases can neutralize acids and bases that dissolve in water are called alkalis. When an acid and base react, they form a salt and water. For example, when sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid react, they form sodium chloride (table salt) and water. Carbonates are bases that contain carbon and oxygen, and they react with acids to form a salt, carbon dioxide gas, and water. The reaction between calcium carbonate (marble chips) and hydrochloric acid is used as an example.

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90 views2 pages

Acids and Bases.: Unreacted Marble Chips Water Evaporates Off

This document discusses acids and bases. It states that bases can neutralize acids and bases that dissolve in water are called alkalis. When an acid and base react, they form a salt and water. For example, when sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid react, they form sodium chloride (table salt) and water. Carbonates are bases that contain carbon and oxygen, and they react with acids to form a salt, carbon dioxide gas, and water. The reaction between calcium carbonate (marble chips) and hydrochloric acid is used as an example.

Uploaded by

KUOK
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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W.S.61. Acids and bases.

Name

Bases can neutralise (cancel out) acids. Bases that dissolve in water are called alkalis.
A base reacts with an acid to form a salt and water :

ACID + BASE SALT + WATER

For example, if sodium hydroxide, which is a very strong alkali, is reacted with
hydrochloric acid then sodium chloride (common salt) is formed.

Reaction with carbonates.


Carbonates are bases that contain the elements carbon and oxygen. They react with
acids to form a salt, carbon dioxide gas and water. The reaction is fizzy due to the
carbon dioxide gas given off :

ACID + CARBONATE SALT + CARBON DIOXIDE + WATER

The experiment below shows the reaction between calcium carbonate (marble chips)
and hydrochloric acid.
unreacted
marble chips water evaporates off

hydrochloric acid
salt
carbon dioxide
marble chips heat

1) The marble chips 2) A solution of calcium 3) Calcium chloride


react with the acid. chloride has formed. salt is left behind.

calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid calcium chloride + carbon dioxide + water

Exercise Complete the missing words in the sentences and e uations below.

1) A B _ _ _ is a chemical that can neutralise an acid.

2) Bases that dissolve in water are called A _ _ _ _ _ _

3) ACID + BASE ________ + WATER

4) Sodium C _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is common salt.

5) Carbonates contain the elements carbon and O _ _ _ _ _

6) Carbonates react with acids to produce C _ _ _ _ _ D _ _ _ _ _ _

7) Marble chips will F _ _ _ in acid until it has all been neutralised.

KS3 Science Revision Worksheets Special Edition P. Hill, Beaver Educational Resources 2000. Registered to Hampton Community College. TW12 3HB.
W.S.62. Neutralisation. Name

Sometimes we need to NEUTRALISE (cancel out) acids or alkalis. Acids


and alkalis can be used to neutralise each other. The diagrams below
show some examples of this.

Acid indigestion Insect stings


Stomach contains
hydrochloric acid.
Too much acid
causes indigestion.
Sting injects
poison.

Indigestion tablets WASP STING - alkaline so treat it


contain a weak alkali with a weak acid such as vinegar.
to neutralise the acid. BEE STING acidic so treat it with a
weak alkali such as sodium bicarbonate.

Acid soils and lakes


Powdered limestone
is spread onto soil
Acid rain falling onto soils and to neutralise acids.
lakes can make them too acidic.

Blocks of limestone are added


to neutralise acid.

Exercise Fill in the missing words in the passage below.

The stomach contains acid. If there is too much acid in


the stomach it causes Tablets can be taken that contain a
weak to neutralise the acid. A bee sting is and
must be treated with a weak alkali such as sodium A wasp
sting is alkaline and must be treated with a weak acid such as
Soils and lakes can become too acidic in areas that are polluted with acid
Blocks of can be added to lakes to neutralise the
acid and limestone can be spread onto fields.

powdered vinegar hydrochloric acidic limestone rain


alkali bicarbonate indigestion

KS3 Science Revision Worksheets Special Edition P. Hill, Beaver Educational Resources 2000. Registered to Hampton Community College. TW12 3HB.

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