13 collocation
a. What is collocation?
If you want to use a word naturally, you need to learn the other words that often go with word
partners. These can be very different from language to language. For eg:
- I missed the bus
- She made a mistake
- A heavy smoker
- It was a serious illness
b. Verb + noun
The meaning of many of these examples may be clear, but did you know these verbs and nouns
go together? Is it the same or different in your language?
- Start the car
- Tell a story
- Tell a joke
- Get on a bus
- Miss a person
- Miss a lesson
- Start a family
- Tell the truth
- Run a shop/company
- Get into a car
c. Adjective + noun
Common adjectives often combine with a wide range of nouns.
- A soft drink
- Dry wine
- Strong coffee
- Hard work
- Heavy traffic
- A soft voice
- Dry weather
- A strong accent
- A great success
- Heavy rain
Look at some of these phrases in examples sentences.
- I can’t understand his English because he has such a strong accent.
- It was hard work organizing the conference, but I think it was a great success.
- You always get heavy traffic during the rush hour
d. Adverb + adjective
In these examples, all the adverbs mean very, but we choose to use them with certain
adjectives.
- I was terribly sorry to hear about your accident
- He’s highly unlikely to come now
- She is fully aware of the problem
It is vitally important that you make a note of common collocations in your notebook
e. Collocation in dictionary
All good dictionaries now include examples of common collocations but they do it in different
ways; sometimes they are in bold print after the definition; sometimes in it is after the
definition; and sometimes in the definition and examples.