Assignment 2
Subject Name: Numerical Analysis Subject Code: MA2305
th
Submission Deadline: 10 Sep 2018
1. Solve the system of equations by Newton’s method correct up to four decimal places.
(Perform at least two iterations)
sin x1 x2 x1 x2 0
(a)
x 2 cosx1 x2 1 0
With initial approximation 1,2 .
T
log e ( x1 x 2 ) 1 x 2 0
2
(b)
x1 x1 x 2 0
With initial approximation 2.4,0.6 .
T
2. Calculate the solution of the system of equations by Newton’s method
x 3 y 3 53
2 y 3 z 4 69
3x 5 10 z 2 770
which is close to x 3 , y 3 , z 2 .
3. If f (x) is defined at (n 1) distinct points, then degree of Lagrangian function is
(a) n 1 (b) n (c) n 1 (d) 0
4. Find the Lagrange interpolating polynomial of degree 2 approximating the functio n
y log x defined by the following table of values. Further determine the value of
log( 2.7) .
x 2 2.5 3.0
y log x 0.69315 0.91629 1.09861
5. Construct the divided difference table for the data:
x 0.5 1.5 3.0 5.0 6.5 8.0
f (x) 1.625 5.875 31.0 131.0 282.125 521.0
Hence, find the interpolating polynomial and an approximation to the value of f (7) .
1
6. If f ( x) 2 , find the divided difference f ( x) f [ x1 , x2 , x3 , x4 ] .
x
7. Find the unique polynomial P(x) of degree 2 or less such that P(1) 1 , P(3) 27 ,
P(4) 64 using: (i) Lagrange interpolating formula and (ii) Newton divided differe nce
formula.
8. Given that P(0) 1 , P(1) 3 , P(3) 55 , find the unique polynomial of degree 2 or
less, which fits the given data. Find the bound on the error.
9. The following values of the function f ( x) sin x cos x , are given
x 10 0 20 0 30 0
f (x) 1.1585 1.2817 1.3660
Construct the interpolating polynomial that fits the data. Find f ( / 12) 1 .
10. The following data represents the function f ( x) e x .
x 1 1.5 2.0 2.5
f (x) 2.7183 4.4817 7.3891 12.1825
Estimate the value of f (2.25) using the (i) Newton’s forward difference interpolatio n
and (ii) Newton’s backward difference interpolation. Compare with the exact value.
Obtain the bound on the truncation error.
11. The following data represents the function f ( x) cos( x 1) .
x 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6
f (x) 0.5403 0.3624 0.1700 -0.0292
Estimate the value of f (0.5) using the Newton’s backward difference interpolatio n.
Compare with the exact value.
12. Using the Newton’s backward difference interpolation, construct the interpola ting
polynomial that fits the data
x 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
f (x) 0.108 0.164 0.316 0.612 1.1
Estimate the value of f (x) at x 0.6 and x 1 .
13. Obtain the least squares polynomial approximation of degree one and two for
1
f ( x) x 2 on [0,1].
14. Obtain an approximation in the sense of the principle of least squares in the form of a
1
polynomial of degree 2 to the function f ( x) in the range 1 x 1 .
1 x2
15. In the following problems, obtain the linear and quadratic least square polynomia l
approximation to the given data.
(i)
x 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
f (x) 0.108 0.164 0.316 0.612 1.1
(ii)
x -1.0 -0.5 -0.25 0 0.25 0.5 1
f (x) 1 0.75 0.8125 1 1.3125 1.75 3
c1
16. Use the method of least squares to fit the curve f ( x) c0 x for the following data
x
x 0.2 0.3 0.5 1 2
f (x) 16 14 11 6 3
Further, find the least squares error.
17. Determine the least squares approximation of the type ax 2 bx c , to the function 2 x
at the points xi 0,1,2,3,4 .
