ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT
SYSTEMS
Colin Gears CMIOSH, MIIRSM, MIIHE, MAPS,
Dip SHEM, Dip Mgt
Environmental Management
Systems
Definition of a Environmental
Management System (EMS)
'Environmental Management Systems are explicit
sets of arrangements and processes designed to
manage environmental issues and ensure that
(an) organisations’ (environmental) performance
goals and objectives are achieved.’ Bragg, S
(1994)
Business & the Environment
ENVIRONMENT
Industrial System
Production
Input Resources Output Resources
• Extraction
• Manufacturing
Space Waste Sinks
Raw materials
• physical • Atmosphere
• Biological Distribution • Water
Energy
• Land
Consumption
Stakeholder Pressure
Government Policy Measures
• regulation
• eco-taxation
Capital Markets Product Markets
• Investors • commercial customers
• Insurers
• final customers
Organisation
General Public
Labour Markets
• the media
• existing employees
• neighbours
• prospective employees
• Pressure/action groups
ENVIRONMENTAL
POLICIES
Top management shall define the
companies environmental policy and
ensure that it:-
is appropriate to the nature, scale and
environmental impacts of it’s activities,
products or services
Is committed to continual improvement
ENVIRONMENTAL
POLICIES
Prevention of pollution.
Comply with legislation.
Setting of objectives and targets (KPI,s).
Documented, implemented, maintained
and communicated to all employees.
Available to the public.
Training to be provided.
ENVIRONMENTAL
POLICIES
Main Parts:
Policy Statement
Management Structure And Responsibilities
Arrangements/Procedures
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT
SYSTEMS
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
All companies within UK are starting to understand the
importance of Implementing an Environmental Management System
(EMS).
This is due to a number of reasons:
• Increasing environmental legislation
• Public pressures/demands (Company Image)
• Increasing financial cost due to accidents
• Insurance premiums (Environmental liability Insurance)
• Loss of contracts (CDM)
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Environmental Management System can be
further defined as;
A framework for implementing, monitoring and controlling
An organisations impact on the environment and will
Provide confidence that this impact is responsibly and
reliably assessed and managed.
managed
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Environmental Management System can be
further defined as;
A framework for implementing, monitoring and controlling
An organisations impact on the environment and will
Provide confidence that this impact is responsibly and reliably
assessed and managed.
managed
Reactive Approach Proactive Approach
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Benefits of an Environmental Management System;
• Reduction of the impact on the environment
• Compliance with legislation
• Improving the effectiveness of current management systems
• Continual improvements (Audits, Benchmarking, KPI’s)
• Training and raising awareness
• More successful in obtaining work/contracts.
Objectives and Targets
Environmental Objective
“an overall environmental goal, arising from the
environmental policy, that an organization sets
itself to achieve, and which is quantified where
practicable.” (eg reduce vehicle emissions)
Environmental Target
“a detailed performance requirement, quantified
where practicable, that arises from the objectives
and that needs to be set and met to achieve those
objectives.”
Objectives and Targets
Guidance – when setting Os and Ts:
Organisations should consider legal and other
requirements, significant aspects, technology,
financial/business/operational requirements and
the views of interested parties.
Objectives and targets must be consistent with the
policy and the commitment to prevent pollution.
Relationships
Environmental Policy Commitments
More
General
Environmental Objectives
More
Specific
Environmental Targets
Environmental Management Programmes
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
All Management Systems work on the same principle;
PLAN DO CHECK ACT or
(IMPLEMENT) REVIEW
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
There are a number of formalised management systems/standards
in operation. These outline the steps needed to followed in order
to put in an effective Environmental Management System in place.
These are;
• EMAS (ECO-Management Auditing Scheme)
• ISO 14001 (International Organisation for Standardisation)
• OHSAS 18001 (Occupational Health, Safety Standard)
All Work along The Same Principles
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
POLICY &
COMMITMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
PLANNING
• Environmental Aspects
• Legal Requirements
• Objectives and Targets
POLICY &
COMMITMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
PLANNING
• Environmental Aspects
• Legal Requirements
• Objectives and Targets
POLICY &
COMMITMENT IMPLEMENTATION & OPERATION
• Management Structure and Responsibilities
• Training awareness
• Communication
• Emergency Resources
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
PLANNING
• Environmental Aspects
• Legal Requirements
• Objectives and Targets
POLICY &
COMMITMENT IMPLEMENTATION & OPERATION
• Management Structure and Responsibilities
• Training awareness
• Communication
• Emergency Resources
CHECK, CORRECTIVE ACTION
• Monitoring/Benchmarking
• Corrective and Preventive Action (Non-Conformance)
• Records
• Audits
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
PLANNING
• Environmental Aspects
• Legal Requirements
• Objectives and Targets
POLICY &
COMMITMENT IMPLEMENTATION & OPERATION
• Management Structure and Responsibilities
• Training awareness
• Communication
• Emergency Resources
CONTINUAL IMPROVEMENT
CHECK, CORRECTIVE ACTION
• Monitoring/Benchmarking
• Corrective and Preventive Action (Non-Conformance)
• Records
• Audits
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Policy And Commitment; POLICY &
COMMITMENT
Initial Review –
• A brief study to establish where the company stands in relation to impacts on the
environment.
• Look at current environmental practices/system (If Any)
• Establish the baseline (starting block)
Environmental Policy –
• Document to establish commitment to the environment (culture)
• Written and signed by the head of the establishment
• Comply to Environmental Legislation
• Local Considerations
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
PLANNING
Planning; • Environmental Aspects
• Legal Requirements
• Objectives and Targets
Aspects and Impacts
Establishing a method of recognising environmental issues that organisation
must address and once identified implement
A order of priority.
Legal Requirements
Establishing a procedure to identify all relevant legislation requirements
Objectives and Targets
The organisation must set its self objectives and targets
(KPI’s)
Possible significant aspects?
Resource use
Energy
Consumables etc
Product Packaging
Fuel
Pollution
Local, global, direct and indirect
Water, land, air, light and noise
Waste
Water
Solid waste, incl. Packaging
Transport Depot activities
Office activities and sales
Tank filling/fuel storage
Staff travel on/off site
Fuel issue Land use/site drainage
Goods in & storage,
including own brand. Plus
recycling of packaging
Vehicle wash
Goods out & associated down
transport
Depot aspects (brief overview)
Emissions to air, noise and light
Energy & resource use in
Fuel spillage during
offices. Waste and recycling
filling/tank rupture
Congestion, resource
use, noise etc
Spills from issue Land contamination, water
Energy use in freezers,
pollution
lighting, packaging & other
resource use/recycling
Waste to landfill &
recycling
Use of water and
Product related, transport Discharge to sewer
related resources use, from wash down
noise pollution, influence?
etc
Impacts (brief overview)
Nuisance, depletion of resources Climate change, depletion of
etc resources, increased/decreased
waste to landfill
Water pollution, land Climate change, respiratory
contamination, impacts to problems, nuisance,
flora/fauna etc resource depletion, local air
pollution etc
Water pollution, land CO2 at source and Climate Water pollution, land
contamination, impacts to change, depletion of natural contamination, nuisance etc
flora/fauna, nuisance etc resources etc
Increased/decreased
Water pollution, waste to landfill
Climate change, local air fauna/fauna etc
pollution (NOx, SOx etc)
depletion of natural
resource, nuisance, indirect
impacts? etc
Legal assessment (basic)
EPA 1990, Civil Nuisance, Town
& Country Planning Act 1990
Finance Act 2000
Oil Storage Regs 2001
MOT & Controls on
company cars – road tolls?
EPA 1990, WIA 1991, Finance Act 2000, Packaging EPA 1990, WRA 1991, WIA
WRA 1991, Groundwater & Essential Requirements 1991
Regulations 1998 Regulations
EPA 1990, Hazardous
WRA 1991 or WIA 1991 Waste Regulations
2005
MOT, Packaging
Regulations, EPA 1990
Risk assessment
Stakeholder, business, pollution,
poss. Law, local/global
environmental Business, law, environmental
issue
Law, stakeholder, local
environmental impact, Stakeholder, business,
business global and local
environmental issue
Law, stakeholder, local Some law, influence, Law, local environmental,
environmental impact, business, poss. stakeholder, poss. business
business Environmental issue
Business, law,
Law, stakeholder local environmental issue
Stakeholder, business, wider environmental, some
environmental, poss. law business
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
IMPLEMENTATION & OPERATION
Implementation and Operation; • Management Structure and Responsibilities
• Training awareness
• Communication
• Emergency Resources
Structure and Responsibilities -
Any organisation implementing an EMS must define roles, responsibilities
and authorities to make it work effectively. All responsibilities should be recorded
in an Environmental Policy
Training, Awareness and Competence –
Each member of staff with an environmental role must be trained and
competent. All Members of staff should undergo environmental awareness training.
Communication –
Communication is vital for any EMS to be successful.
Emergency Resources –
Systems will need to be in place and resources be made available
EMS Core Procedures
Identification of Environmental Aspects
Identify Legal Requirements
Training and Awareness
Communication
Operational
Document Control
Control
Compliance Evaluation
Procedures
Emergency Preparedness
Monitoring and Measurement
Non-conformance
Records
EMS Audit
Management Review
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
CHECK, CORRECTIVE ACTION
Check, Corrective Action; • Monitoring/Benchmarking
• Corrective and Preventive Action (Non-Conformance)
• Records
Monitoring; • Audits
Without monitoring there
Cannot be effective control of a management system. There is a need to monitor
And measure key characteristics. (KPI’s)
Corrective and Preventive Action;
• Investigating non-conformance.
• Taking action to mitigate any impacts caused by non-conformance.
• Initiating and completing corrective and preventive action.
Records;
Records are the physical evidence that an organisation has implemented an
EMS.
Audits;
Audits are carried to ensure compliance and conformity to the EMS.
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
CONTINUAL IMPROVEMENT
Continual Improvement;
Management Review – at intervals the organisation should review the EMS
to ensure its continuing suitability, adequacy and effectiveness. This
evaluation should be based on the information collected in the auditing stage
of the process.
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
ISO 14001 Assessment Criteria
General Requirements
(pass or fail)
? Has the organisation established an Environmental Management System
? Has the organisation an Environmental Policy
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
ISO 14001 Assessment Criteria
Environmental Aspects
? Has the organisation identified and recorded the environment aspects and
impacts of its activities
? Has the organisation have a process for identifying legal requirements
Objectives and Targets
? Has the organisation defined and recorded objectives and targets for
Reducing the environmental impacts of its activities
? Is there a programme in place to achieve objectives
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
ISO 14001 Assessment Criteria
Structure and Responsibility
? Has the organisation defined roles , responsibilities and authorities in order
to facilitate effective environmental management
? Has the organisation allocated resources reqired in order to facilitate
effective environmental management
? Has the organisation appointed an Environmental Manager
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
ISO 14001 Assessment Criteria
Training, Awareness and Competence
? Does the organisation identify environmental training requirements
? Does the organisation keep records of its environmental training
Communication
? Has the organisation established lines of communication
? Does the organisation contact and communicate with the enforcing authorities
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
ISO 14001 Assessment Criteria
Document Control;
• Legislation Discharge Consent
Waste Management Licence
• Materials Safety Data Sheets
Storage records
• Waste Transfer Notes (2 years)
Consignment Notes
Waste Data Records
Waste Carriers Licence
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
ISO 14001 Assessment Criteria
Document Control;
• Emissions Discharge Consent
Site Drainage Plans
Maintenance of Equipment
• Nuisance Issues Records of Complaints
Correspondence with local Authorities
Notices served
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
ISO 14001 Assessment Criteria
Operational Control
? Does the Organisation have a process for controlling achievement of its
Environmental objectives (KPI’s)
Emergency Response
? Has the organisation identified potential for emergency response
? Are the emergency response procedures tested
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
ISO 14001 Assessment Criteria
Monitoring and Measurement
? Does the organisation have documented procedures for monitoring
And measuring its performance
? Does the organisation have procedures in place for inspecting and
calibrating its equipment (Records kept)
Non-Conformance/Corrective and Preventive action
? Does the organisation control incidences of non-conformance
? Records to confirm all preventive action and retraining if required
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
SYSTEMS
ISO 14001 Assessment Criteria
Management Review
? Does the organisation carry out reviews of its EMS with a defined frequency
ASSESSORS RECOMMENDATION
Unqualified pass
Pass with rectification
Pass with rectification and re-inspection
Marginal fail (improvements)
Fail
GENERAL AUDIT PROCESS
Basic Steps
Pre-audit Audit Post-audit
Select audit team Review background Confirm audit
Information findings
Set scope and aims
Inspect site/factory Issue draft report
Design audit facilities
Consider feedback
Liaise with Conduct interviews
Site/factory Issue final report
Examine records
Issue pre-audit De-brief management
questionnaire Check scope and
Aims covered
Action Plan
GENERAL AUDIT PROCESS
(Planning)
Assemble an Audit Team;
• In-house personnel with a mix of skills and knowledge
• External consultants to advice and possibly fill any knowledge gaps
Clarify the Scope and Aims of the Audit;
• Activities to be included
• Purpose and nature of the audit
• Manner of reporting the findings
Design the format of the report;
• Schedule audit activities (meetings, inspections)
• Assign responsibilities
• Develop audit questionnaires
• Identify interviews if appropriate
GENERAL AUDIT PROCESS
(Planning)
Liaison with sites/factories to be audited;
• Timely liaisons on meetings interviews
• Making sure all personnel are aware of the aims and objectives off the audit
• Encourage feedback and participation
Issue pre-audit questionnaire;
• Information gathered prior to the site/factory visit
• Help direct site/factory inspection
GENERAL AUDIT PROCESS
(Conducting)
Conduct Opening Meeting;
• Introduce the audit team to management
• Review the scope and objectives of the audit
• Raise any issues at the outset and agree a process for dealing with possible
difficult issues
• Ensure the audit team are inducted and fully aware of all safety issues on
site/factory
Collection off information;
• Site/factory inspection record
• Formal interviews
• Existing environmental controls
• Factual evidence to support any important issues
• Ensure all areas have been covered and objectives fulfilled
GENERAL AUDIT PROCESS
(Audit Reporting)
Draft Report;
• allow feedback from management management
• Audit team to assess feedback prior to final report submitted
• To allow any further comments or exclusions to be made
Format off final report;
• Document structure, content and size
• Audience and distribution list
• Highlighting critical areas
• Presentations to support findings
Environmental Policies
ENVIRONMENTAL
POLICIES
Top management shall define the
companies environmental policy and
ensure that it:-
is appropriate to the nature, scale and
environmental impacts of it’s activities,
products or services
a commitment to continual improvement
ENVIRONMENTAL
POLICIES
Prevention of pollution.
Comply with legislation.
Setting of objectives and targets (KPI,s).
Documented, implemented, maintained
and communicated to all employees.
Available to the public.
Training to be provided.
ENVIRONMENTAL
POLICIES
Main Parts:
Policy Statement
Management Structure And Responsibilities
Arrangements/Procedures
EMS Certification
Adds credibility
All certification bodies follow similar stages in
assessing an EMS
EMS must be running for at least 3 months
before certification
Costs vary from one body to another
Certification Process
Initial information request
Certification Proposal
Documentation review (Gap Analysis)
Initial assessment (pre-audit) on site
Main assessment (certification audit) on site
Certification or referral
Regular surveillance visits (normally 6 monthly) and
re-audits (3 yearly)
