SY 2020-2021

4th Quarter

MUSIC 8
(Part 1/4)

Topic/s: Asian Traditional Theater; Japan, China, Indonesia

Objective/s:
At the end of the lesson, the students should have been able to:
 discuss the Asian traditional theaters (Kabuki, Peking Opera, Wayang kulit);
 listen and describe the music of Asian traditional theaters; and
 reflect on how music affect each the traditional theaters performances.
Concept/Discussion Example

JAPANESE THEATER JAPAN CHINA INDONESIA

Traditional form of popular theater which began at the end of the 16th century Kabuki Peking Opera Wayang Kulit
and soon became the most successful theater entertainment in the red light districts Traditional form of popular Peking opera is a form of Wayangkulit, shadow
of the great cities. Together with Nōh, it is considered the most important Japanese theatre which began at the traditional Chinese theatre puppets prevalent in Java
contribution to World Theater. Both Nōh and kabuki are unique and genuine end of the 16th century and which combines music, and Bali in Indonesia, and
expressions of the Japanese spirit and culture. They mirror, however, taste and soon became the most vocal performance, mime, Kelantan and Terengganu
ideals of different social classes, in profoundly different environments and epochs. successful theatre dance and acrobatics. It in Malaysia are without a
entertainment in the red arose in the late 18th doubt the best known of the
Vocal Pattern and Techniques: light districts of the great century and became fully Indonesian wayang. Kulit
1) Ipponchōshi or the continuous pattern – used in speeches building up to an cities. Together with no, it developed and recognized means skin and refers to the
explosive climax in the aragoto(oversize, supernatural, rough hero) style, it is considered the most by the mid-19th century.The leather construction of the
requires an extraordinary breath-control that only few experts succeed in achieving important Japanese form was extremely popular puppets that are carefully
2) Nori technique – adapted from the chanting of jōruri, implies a very sensitive contribution to World in the Qing Dynasty court chiseled with very fine tools
capacity of riding the rhythms of the shamisen (string instrument), declaiming Theater. Both nō and and has come to be and supported with
each accompaniment. kabuki are unique and regarded as one of the carefully shaped buffalo
3) Yakuharai technique - the subtle delivery of poetical text written in the genuine expressions of the cultural treasures of China. horn handles and control
Japanese metrical form of alternating seven and five syllabus. Japanese spirit and culture. Peking opera is not actually rods.
They mirror, however, taste a monolithic form, but Wayang is an Indonesian

Forbes Academy Inc. – Squared MI Module Page 1

Vocal and Instrumental Features and ideals of different rather a coalescence of and Malay word for theatre.
Dances and movements are accompanied by shamisen music which collected social classes, in many older forms. When the term is used to
and popularized a number of aspects from all previous forms of Japanese music, profoundly different However, the new form refer to kinds of puppet
from gagaku (classic court music imported from China during the 18th century), environments and epochs. also introduced its own theater, sometimes the
kagura (performed in Shinto shrines), nō (chant derives from shōmyō, the innovations. The vocal puppet itself is referred to
sophisticated and rich tradition of Buddhist chanting), down to the folk and requirements for all of the as wayang. "Bayang", the
fashionable song of the day. The most popular shamisen music was called nagauta major roles were greatly Javanese word for shadow
(long song) which reached a golden age in the first half of the 19th century as reduced for Peking opera. or imagination, also
dance music for the henge mono or quick change pieces. The Chou, in particular, connotes "spirit."
rarely has a singing part in Performances of shadow
Naugata music is very flexible, can be performed by one shamisen or by the entire Peking opera, unlike the puppet theater are
orchestra of twenty musicians , of which ten are shamisen players, while other equivalent role in Kunqu accompanied by gamelan in
play flutes (fue taken from the nō) and drums (small drum-kotsuzumi; waist drum- style. The melodies that Java, and by "gender
ōtsuzumi; stick drum-taiko) accompany each play were wayang" in Bali.
also simplified, and are Dalang as a source of
CHINESE THEATER played with different recreation, of humor and
Peking opera is a form of traditional Chinese theatre which combines music, traditional instruments than of popular philosophy
vocal performance, mime, dance and acrobatics. It arose in the late 18th century in earlier forms. Perhaps (essential communication
and became fully developed and recognized by the mid-19th century. The form most noticeably, true between the artist and the
was extremely popular in the Qing Dynasty court and has come to be regarded as acrobatic elements were audience). Shadow play is
one of the cultural treasures of China. introduced with Peking an invention of man which
The vocal requirements for all of the major roles were greatly reduced for opera. The popularity of reflects his experience of
Peking opera. The Chou, in particular, rarely has a singing part in Peking opera, Peking opera has been nature and of his thought.
unlike the equivalent role in Kunqu style. The melodies that accompany each play attributed to the simplicity Puppets are projected by the
were also simplified, and are played with different traditional instruments than in of the form, with only a few lamp on a white screen. The
earlier forms. The popularity of Peking opera has been attributed to the simplicity voices and singing patterns. gamelan orchestra
of the form, with only a few voices and singing patterns. This allowed anyone to This allowed anyone to sing
sing the arias themselves. the arias themselves.
Beijing opera follows other traditional Chinese arts in emphasizing meaning, Beijing opera follows other
rather than accuracy. The highest aim of performers is to put beauty into every traditional Chinese arts in
motion. One skill may take precedence at certain moments during a play, but this emphasizing meaning,
does not mean that other actions should cease. Much attention is paid to tradition rather than accuracy. The
in the art form, and gestures, settings, music, and character types are determined highest aim
by long held convention. of performers is to put
beauty into every motion.
Indeed, performers are

Forbes Academy Inc. – Squared MI Module Page 2

Vocal and Instrumental Features strictly criticized for
Performances are accompanied by music - usually played on three types of lacking beauty during
instrument: wind instruments, string instruments and percussion. The main training. Additionally,
instruments are Chinese in origin: the jinghu, a two-stringed instrument played performers are taught to
with a bow, the yueqin, a four-stringed instrument that is plucked, a sanxian, a create a synthesis between
three-stringed instrument also plucked, the suona horn, Chinese flutes and a the different aspects of
variety of gongs and cymbals. The melodies are rhythmic and graceful. Beijing opera. The four
The melodies played by the accompaniment mainly fall into three broad skills of Beijing opera are
categories. The first is the aria. The arias of Beijing opera can be further divided not separate, but rather
into those of the Erhuang and Xipi varieties. An example of an aria is wawadiao, should be combined in a
an aria in the Xipi style that is sung by a young Sheng to indicate heightened single performance. One
emotion. The second type of melody heard in Beijing opera is the fixed-tune skill may take precedence
melody, or qupai. These are instrumental tunes that serve a wider range of at certain moments during a
purposes than arias. Examples include the "Water Dragon Tune" (shui long yin), play, but this does not mean
which generally denotes the arrival of an important person, and "Triple Thrust"(ji that other actions should
san qiang), which may signal a feast or banquet. The final type of musical cease. Much attention is
accompaniment is the percussion pattern. Such patterns provide context to the paid to tradition in the art
music in ways similar to the fixed-tune melodies. For example, there are as many form, and gestures, settings,
as 48 different percussion patterns that accompany stage entrances. Each one music, and character types
identifies the entering character by his or her individual rank and personality. are determined by long held
Traditionally, the musicians also remain in full view throughout the convention. This includes
performance and are dressed in the same style as the stage assistants. They come conventions of movement,
and go freely and are never considered part of the stage picture. In contemporary which are used to signal
China, the musicians are often seated in an orchestra pit and kept offstage. particular actions to the
Theater musicians learn their parts by rote since Chinese musical notation is audience
very imprecise. Most music used in the Peking Opera has been worked out
collaboratively between actors and musicians; most is borrowed from already
existing sources and recombined according to the requirements of a particular
play. Although they may be classified as string, wind and percussion, the
instruments of the Chinese orchestra have no counterparts in the West. The leader
of the orchestra plays a drum which establishes the time and accentuates the
rhythm. Gongs, cymbals, brass cups, flutes, stringed instruments and more exotic
items complete the orchestra. Songs are accompanied only by flute and strings, but
entrances and exits are signalled by deafening percussion passages. Much of the
onstage action is performed to a musical background.
The actor’s delivery of lines is rigidly controlled by conventions. Each role has

Forbes Academy Inc. – Squared MI Module Page 3

its prescribed vocal timbre and pitch, and syllables are often drawn out regard for
conversational usage in order to maintain the appropriate rhythm. Even spoken
passages are governed by strict rhythms and tempos. Chanted and sung passages
are freely inserted into spoken monologues or dialogues. Thus lines are rendered
in an extremely stylized manner.

INDONESIAN THEATER
Wayangkulit, shadow puppets prevalent in Java and Bali in Indonesia, and
Kelantan and Terengganu in Malaysia are without a doubt the best known of the
Indonesian wayang. Kulit means skin and refers to the leather construction of the
puppets that are carefully chiseled with very fine tools and supported with
carefully shaped buffalo horn handles and control rods.
Kabuki - Japan
Wayang is an Indonesian and Malay word for theatre. When the term is used to See example videos here:
refer to kinds of puppet theater, sometimes the puppet itself is referred to as https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=67-bgSFJiKc
wayang. "Bayang", the Javanese word for shadow or imagination, also connotes Kabuki Performance
"spirit." Performances of shadow puppet theater are accompanied by gamelan in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V9QHX0LTL0w
Java, and by "gender wayang" in Bali.

Dalang as a source of recreation, of humor and of popular philosophy (essential

communication between the artist and the audience). Shadow play is an invention
of man which reflects his experience of nature and of his thought. Puppets are
projected by the lamp on a white screen.

Non-jointed puppets were manipulated by the chief performer, the dalang, who
told a story to the accompaniment of several instruments, including some that are
part of the present day gamelan ensemble.

Wayangkulit was performed in royal court and widely performed in public on

religious occasions so that knowledge of wayang became widespread among all Peking Opera - China
classes in Java. See example videos here:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PnMRIzpO4nU
Peking Opera Performance
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=73_9UvNX920

Forbes Academy Inc. – Squared MI Module Page 4

Vocal and Instrumental Features
Gamelan ensemble is composed mainly by bronze percussion instruments,
augmented by other percussion instruments, strings and flute. A full Javanese
gamelan ensemble consists of:
a. saron - xylophone of heavy bronze bars
b. gender - bronze xylophone with resonance chambers beneath
c. bonang - set of bronze bowls
d. gong and kempul – hanging gongs
e. kenong and ketuk – single inverted bronze bowl
f. gambang – wooden xylophone
g. rebab – two-stringed fiddle
h. suling – flute
i. kendang – horizontal drum beat with the fingers on both ends
j. tjelempung – a zither of thirteen double strings
Wayang Kulit - Indonesia
See example videos here:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pfydro4X2t0
Wayang Kulit Performance
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ra0w-UCxkrU

Reference: Achieve Creative Experiences and Skills in MAPEH 8

Forbes Academy Inc. – Squared MI Module Page 5

 SY 2020-2021
4th Quarter

ARTS 8
(Part 2/4)

Topic/s: Asian Festivals ; China, Japan, Indonesia and Thailand

Objective/s:
At the end of the lesson, the students should have been able to:
 identify the different Asian festivals;
 create a project showcasing the Asian festivals; and
 explain the different culture and respect beliefs of some Asian countries.
Concept/Discussion Example
Chinese Spring: New Year Festival
 Chinese New Year is the longest and the most important festivity in the
Chinese calendar.
 Chinese New Year is known as “Spring Festival” the literal translation of
the Chinese name Chunjie, since the spring season in Chinese calendar
starts with lichun, the first solar term in Chinese calendar year. It marks the
end of the winter season.
 The festival begins on the first day of the first month in the traditional
calendar and ends with the Lantern Festival which is on the 15th day
 Chinese New Year’s Eve, a day where Chinese families gather for their
annual reunion dinner, is known as Chuxi or “Eve of the Passing Year.”
 Because the Chinese calendar is lunar-solar, the Chinese New Year is often
referred to as the “Lunar New Year.”

The following are the China’s customs and traditions concerning the celebration
of the Chinese New Year:
 People will pour out their money to buy presents, decorations, materials,
food, and clothing.
 Houses are thoroughly cleaned in order to sweep away any ill fortune and
to make way for good incoming luck.
Forbes Academy Inc. – Squared MI Module Page 6
  Windows and doors will be decorated with red color paper-cuts and
couplets with popular themes of good fortune or happiness, wealth, and
longevity.
 On the Eve of Chinese New Year, supper is feast with families. Food will
include item such as pork, duck, meat, chicken, sweet delicacies.
 The family will end the night with firecrackers.
 Children greet their parents early in the morning by wishing them a healthy
and a happy new year, and received money in red paper envelopes. The
Chinese New Year tradition is to reconcile, forget all hatred, and
sincerely wish peace and happiness for everyone.

 The Dragon Dance is a form of traditional dance and performance in

Chinese culture; like the lion dance it is most often seen in festive
celebrations. Many Chinese people often use the term “Descendants of the
Dragon,’” (long de chuan ren) as a sign of ethnic identity. The emperor of
China usually used the dragon as a symbol of his imperial power and
strength.
 The Dragon dance is a highlight of Chinese New Year celebrations. The
dragon symbolizes power, strength, and good luck. The dance team mimics
the supposed movements of this river spirit in a flowing, rise and fall
manner. The movements in a performance traditionally symbolize
historical roles of dragons demonstrating power and dignity.
 The main objective of wearing Chinese costumes is to maintain the sanctity
of their tradition. They get haircuts and makeovers so that they are fully
ready to welcome the New Year in a brand new style.
 Traditionally women wear the cheongsams and qipaos while the men wear
the mandarin collared shirts with the Chinese dragon symbols, and
traditionally kung fu suits and coats. Kung Fu suits Cheongsams and
qipaos

Forbes Academy Inc. – Squared MI Module Page 7

 Taiko Drum Festival of Japan
 A good example of a professional taiko drumming troupe is the Kodo.
 The name Kodo conveys two meaning:
 Heartbeat the primal source of all rhythm and, read in a different
way.
 Children of the drum, a reflection of Kodo’s desire to play their
drums simply, with the heart of a child.
 The main focus of the performance includes the following:
 Uchite, the taiko drummer
 Different drums
 Other traditional Japanese musical instruments such as fue and
shamisen make an appearance on stage
 Traditional dance and vocal performance are part of the
performance.
Uchite Kodo troupe
 Include pieces based on the traditional rhythms of regional Japan, pieces
composed for Kodo by contemporary songwriters, and pieces written by
Kodo members themselves.
 Performances normally last for about one hour and forty minutes.

History
 Drums were used in ancient times to signify the boundaries of a village.
Peasant events such as rice harvests or dance festivals were celebrated with
drums.
 Drums were used to pray for rain and other religious ceremonies.
 Drums lead warriors into battles in order to scare the enemy.

Costumes and Props

 Happi – coats over black with white calligraphy. A baggy-sleeved short
cotton jacket, tied with a sash (obi) around the waist. It is usually a plain
color, typically blue or black, with a symbol printed on the lapels and on
the back.
 Hachimaki – white headband Tabi – shoes with big toe separated Odaiko
(big drum); Jozuke (medium); Chime (small)

Forbes Academy Inc. – Squared MI Module Page 8

 Balinese Dance Festival of Indonesia
 Balinese dances are a very ancient dance tradition that is a part of the
religious and artistic expression among the Balinese people.
 General Description
 In Hinduism, dance is an accompaniment to the perpetual
dissolving and reforming of the world. The creative and
reproductive balance is often personified as Shiva’s wife, Durga,
sometimes called Uma, Parvati, or Kali. This has significance in
Balinese Hinduism, since the common figure of Rangda is similar
in many ways to Durga.
 Shiva and Durga
 Variations In Bali there are various categories of dance, including epic
performances such as the universal Mahabharata and Ramayana. Certain
ceremonies at village temples features a special performance of a dance-
drama, a battle between the mythical characters Rangda, the witch
representing the evil and Barong, the lion or dragon, representing good.

Forbes Academy Inc. – Squared MI Module Page 9

  Variations
♫ Among the dance traditions in Bali, these terms deserve special mention:
♫ Barong, the Lion; Legong, a refined refined dance form characterized by
intricate finger movements, complicated foot work, and expressive gestures
and facial expressions; and
♫ Among the dance traditions in Bali, these terms deserve special mention:
♫ Kecak, (a monkey dance) a form of Balinese dance and music drama, it
originated in the 1930’s in Bali and is performed primarily by men.

Training of Bali Dance

 Bali dancers learn the craft from their mothers as soon as they are
born. In the womb, they are played the Balinese music and are
taught to dance with their hands before they can walk.
 Official training as a Bali dancers starts as young as seven. In
Balinese dance the movement is closely associated with the
rhythms produced by the gamelan.
Movements
 Multiple levels of articulations in the face, eyes, hands, arms, hips, and feet
are coordinated to reflect layers of percussive sounds.
 The number of codified hand positions and gestures, the mudras, is higher
in India than in Java or Bali.
Costumes of Balinese Dancers Most Female dancers wear:
 Various colors of makeup
 a crown
 both real and golden flowers in their hair
 Sarong and wrap a long sash from their hips to their breasts as well as
many gold decorations
 Crown and decorations are made from cowhide
Costumes of Balinese Dancers Most Male dancers wear:
 makeup (use more red color for their eyes and cheeks and their eyebrows
are colored to enhanced masculinity)
 a mask when they dance the topeng dance
 a crown
 a cloak or many pieces of these clothes around their body

Forbes Academy Inc. – Squared MI Module Page

10
 Lantern Festivals of Thailand
Sky Lantern Festival (Yi Peng) Festival
 This event is about the launching of lanterns which are actually small hot
air balloons.
 Each release of a sky lantern is a petition, small prayer, or good wishes of
the person who released the lantern.
 This event is held on the full moon of the 12th month in the traditional
Thai lunar calendar. In the western calendar this usually falls in November.
 The Chiang Mai area has been the scene of mass sky lantern release. Some
of the meaning of releasing the sky lanterns are:  it sends a person’s bad
luck and misfortune away into the air, especially if it disappears from view
before the fire goes out.  people say a short prayer before launching the
lantern. Sometimes they will also write their address in the lantern. Anyone
who later finds the lantern can then claim money from the sender. In this
way, the good fortune is shared.
 It is considered good luck. Many Thai’s believe these sky lanterns are
symbols of problems and worries floating away.
 It can act as veneration to Pra Ged Kaew Ju La Mannee (The crystal Chedi
in heaven in which Buddha’s hair is kept.)

Forbes Academy Inc. – Squared MI Module Page

11
 Loy Krathong Festival
 This takes place on the evening of the full moon of the 12th month in the
traditional Thai lunar calendar. In western calendar this usually falls in
November.
 Loy / Loi literally means “to float.” while Krathong refers to the “lotus-
shaped receptacle” which can float on water. Originally, the Krathong was
made of banana leaves or the layers of the trunk of a banana tree or a
spider lily plant.
 The festival is believed to originate in an ancient practice of paying respect
to the spirit of waters. A krathong will be decorated with elaborately-
folded banana leaves, flowers, candles, and incense sticks. A low value
coin is sometimes included as an offering to the river spirits. During the
night of the full moon, Thais will float their krathong on a river, canal, or
on a pond lake.
 The tradition is said to have begun in the 13th century when a young queen
made a small boat adorned with candles and sent it down the river
 It is a ritual honoring Pra Mae Kongka, the goddess of water. The
construction of the colorful boats was a way of not only giving thanks for
the abundance of water, but also a way to seek forgiveness for oversue and
pollution. Today, Loy Krathong is a way for people to make wishes and
look toward the future.

Reference: Achieve Creative Experiences and Skills in MAPEH 8

Forbes Academy Inc. – Squared MI Module Page

12
 SY 2020-2021
4th Quarter

PHYSICAL EDUCATION 8
(Part 3/4)

Topic/s: Regional and National Dances with Asian Influence

Objective/s:
At the end of the lesson, the students should have been able to:
 discuss the origin and location of folk dance through its costume and music;
 watch and describe the elements of some Philippine national dances with Asian influence; and
 promote folk dancing as a physical activity for the family .
Concept/Discussion Example

Philippine folk dances speak so much about the heartbeat of our people for
they tell about our customs, ideas, beliefs, superstitions, and events of daily living
in a certain community. Just by looking at the costumes, props, and implements of
a certain group or tribe would tell you of the origin of the dance. The kind of
music being used readily also tell about the influences brought about by trade and
settlement of our neighboring countries such as China, Malaysia, Indonesia,
Burma, Cambodia, Thailand and Japan to name a few. Truly evident is the effect
of acculturation in the country as manifested by the kinds of costumes, props,
music, and dance steps that are used and integrated in to some of our regional and
national folk dances. The use of gongs, kulintangs and the incorporation of
pentatonic scale to our musical compositions are just concrete proofs of
acculturation in the country. These are the reasons why Philippine folk dances
contribute to the very rich culture of the country.

Forbes Academy Inc. – Squared MI Module Page

13
 The following historical backgrounds and context of the dance literatures of
Binislakan, Sakuting, Sua-ku-Sua and Pangalay would give you a clear picture
of the nature and background of these regional and national folk dances. This will
help you understand its significance and cultural value, including the beauty and
complexity of the people’s lives living in those places.
Study these dances carefully and imbibe in you their importance to the
development of cultural value.

Background:
Lingayen in Pangasinan means having to look backward and upward. It
was derived from “Li-King-Tung”, a Chinese word given to the name Lingayen,
the capital of Pangasinan, by the Chinese settlers of this place a long time ago. The
barrio folks who lived at Almazin, a small place between barrio Pangasinan
(Pulong) and Maniboc danced this to commemorate the stay of Limahong, a
Chinese pirate who built his kingdom here. BINISLAKAN (Lingayen)
The dancers look backward or upward in some of the movements; hence, Dance Researcher : Francisca Reyes
the name Lingayen. They also use two sticks to produce rhythms imitating the Meaning : With the use of sticks
chopsticks used by the Chinese in eating, so the dance is also called Binislakan, Dance Culture : Christian Lowland
which in Pangasinan means, with the use of sticks. Place of Origin : Pangasinan
Country of Influence : China
Dance Properties: Ethno-linguistic Group : Pangasinense
Costume Classification : Social Dance
Female: Siesgo and kimono with loose and long
sleeves and soft panuelo See example video here:
Male : Camisa de Chino and red pants Tutorial: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M6a5ACJnzNg
Performance: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uyHld_X5WVM
Music : 2/4 composed of two parts: A and B

Count : One, two, one and two, and one and two and

Formation : Partners stand about six feet apart. One or more pairs in a
set can take part in the dance, in any formation desired.

Forbes Academy Inc. – Squared MI Module Page

14
Background/Context:
The Tausug of Sulu, Southern Philippines, though known as fearsome
warriors are also better known as sturdy seafarers and hardy farmers. Extensive
orchards are planted with coconuts and pomelos and fields with staples like rice
and root crops.
At harvest time, pomelo fruits are gathered in big baskets before they are
sent away. The Tausugs depend strongly on the income the pomelo bring them and
this relationship is romanticized by comparing the sua’s gentle leaves, slender
branches, attractive fruits and fragrant flowers to the virtues of a lady. Put to
music, it is this song that is sang by couples while flapping two white fans each
resembling leaves rustling in the wind in the Sua-Ku-Sua Dance.
Sua-ku-sua performers, some men but especially women come to the
festivities with face thickly covered with finely ground rice powder and their
eyebrows and sideburns enhanced with soot- all for beauty’s sake.

Movements/Steps Particular to Dance:

SUA-KU-SUA
Creative imagery: Fans transform into tiny sails, face mirrors, butterflies, Dance Researcher : Ramon A. Obusan
shields and leaves. Tausug traditional steps with Chinese influence. Meaning : My Pomelo Tree
Dance Culture : Lowland Muslim (Coastal)
Place of Origin : Jolo, Sulu
Country of Influence : China, Malaysia and Indonesia
Ethno-linguistic Group : Tausug
Classification : Courtship Dance

See example video here:

Tutorial: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sQCKYPSluVU
Performance: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_TGctrB9oiY

Forbes Academy Inc. – Squared MI Module Page

15
Background/Context:

Pangalay (also known as Daling-Daling or Mengalai in Sabah is the traditional

“fingernail” dance of the Tausūg people of the Sulu Archipelago and Sabah.[1] This
dance is the most distinctively Asian of all the Southern Philippine dances because
dancers must have dexterity and flexibility of the shoulders, elbows, and wrists[2] –
movements that strongly resemble those of “kontaw silat,” a martial art common
in the Malay Archipelago. The Pangalay is performed mainly during weddings or
other festive events [1]. The male equivalent of the Pangalay is the Pangasik and
features more martial movements, while a pangalay that features both a male and
female dancer is called Pangiluk.
The original concept of the Pangalay is based on the pre-Islamic Buddhist concept
of male and female celestial angels (Sanskrit: Vidhyadhari, Bahasa
Sūg: Biddadari) common as characters in other Southeast Asian dances.

Dance Properties:

Costume : Dancer wears a typical Joloana costume

Accessories : Expert and professional dancers use janggay,
extended metal finger nails in each finger. The rich people have janggay made of PANGALAY
solid gold or silver. Dance Researcher : Francisca Reyes-Aquino
Suggested Footwear : dancers are in barefoot. Meaning : Finger nail
Music : Played as many times as necessary. Dance Culture : Lowland Muslim (Coastal)
Count one, two or one, and, two and to a measure. Place of Origin : Sulu
Country of Influence : Thailand, Malaysia, Burma, Cambodia and
Indonesia
Movements/Steps Particular to Dance: Ethno-linguistic Group : Tausug
Classification : Social Dance
There are no definite directions, sequence of figures, number and kinds of steps,
hand movements and positions used when performed by the natives. For teaching See example video here:
purposes the figures of this dance may be created and dancers may form their own Tutorial: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PyB39R_pQio
combinations. Performance: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=72zzGe1iLBQ

Forbes Academy Inc. – Squared MI Module Page

16
Background/Context:

This is a dance of the ethnic people living in the western side of the
Cordilleras way back before the coming of the Americans to our country. During
the Christmas, young boys and girls accompanied by their elders would go to the
lowlands, especially in Abra and Ilocos Norte to dance in front of the houses and
ask for gifts. These young children hold sticks, one on each hand and strike them
together to make their dance more lively. The homes would give them money,
homemade delicacies and other things.
These dancing groups later reached as far as the coastal towns of Ilocos
region as years went by. The rhythmic sounds produced by the stick attracted other
children and also adults and they also learned the dance.

“Sakuting“ is an ethnic term which refer to the rhythmic sticks producing

the accompaniment for the dance.

Dance Properties: SAKUTING

Dance Researcher : Francisca Reyes Aquino
Costume : Girl – Native Ilocano kimono style with sleeves of elbow length; Meaning : Refers to rhythmic sticks producing the
skirt of bright-colored plaids shirred at the waist of ankle-length. accompaniment for the dance.
Boy – Camisa de chino and red trousers, and a native hat. Place of Origin : Abra and Ilocos Norte
Country of Influence : China
Music : 2/4 and ¾ rhythms and composed of 9 parts : A, B, C, D, E, F, G, Classification : Recreatinal and Social Dance
H and
I. See example video here:
Formation : Audience Tutorial: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4YJY9pLIKXU
Performance: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b8VCCsGS-sA
X O
O X
X O
O X

Forbes Academy Inc. – Squared MI Module Page

17
 One set of dancers

Reference: Achieve Creative Experiences and Skills in MAPEH 8

SY 2020-2021
4th Quarter

HEALTH 8
(Part 4/4)

Topic/s: Gateway drugs; Cigarette and Alcohol

Objective/s:
At the end of the lesson, the students should have been able to:
 discuss the nature of gateway drugs;
 make a simple campaign to prevent the use of gateway drugs; and
 analyze the importance of healthy lifestyle.
Concept/Discussion Concept/Discussion

THE DANGERS OF CIGARETTE SMOKING THE DANGERS OF ALCOHOL

Gateway drugs such as cigarettes and alcohol are legal drugs that a non-drug Alcohol is a colorless, bitter-tasting substance that humans have been consuming since
user might try, which can lead him/her to more dangerous drugs such as the ancient times, comes from plants that underwent fermentation.
FERMENTATION
marijuana and shabu.
 is the process of extracting alcohol from a plant or a fruit Example: beer and wine
SMOKING  A beer is extracted from grains.
 is a practice in which a substance is burned and the resulting smoke  Wines are from grapes and other fruits.
breathed in to be tasted and absorbed into the bloodstream  Most Types of alcohol
commonly the substance is the dried leaves of the tobacco plant which  Isopropyl
have been rolled into a small square of rice paper to create a small,  Methanol
round cylinder called a "cigarette".  Ethanol }are used in laboratories and are poisonous and fatal if taken is also called
beverage alcohol which comes from fruits and grains – When humans consume
TOBACCO
ethanol alcohol in unregulated amount, it may result to intoxication and alteration of
Forbes Academy Inc. – Squared MI Module Page
18
  is a tall, leafy plant, originally grown in south and central America, but the nervous system.
now cultivated throughout the world. Why is alcohol considered a drug?
CIGARETTE  Alcohol changes a person’s PHYSICAL and EMOTIONAL state.
 Alcohol slows down the body systems so it is a DEPRESSANT.
 a thin cylinder of finely-cut tobacco rolled in paper for smoking
TYPES OF DRUGS Depressant
Dangers of cigarette smoking  a drug that suppresses the central nervous system, slows down body function
 HIGHBLOOD PRESSURE - too much exertion of blood against the Stimulant
arteries causing damage.  a drug which temporarily quickens the central nervous system
 HEART DISEASE - involves the cardiovascular system
 BODY ODOR - effect of cigarette smoke to your body scent EFFECTS OF ALCHOL DRINKING
 BAD BREATH - foul smell exhaled from the mouth  irritates the mouth, throat, esophagus, and stomach
 makes the heart work harder
 BRONCHITIS - inflammation of the airways from the trachea into the
 makes the body lose heat
lungs  causes the liver to work harder
 EMPHYSEMA - damaged air sacs in the lungs  causes dehydration
 PNEUMONIA - infection of the lungs  loss of balance and coordination
 ASTHMA - a chronic disease which affects the airways  impaired speech, hearing, and vision
 CANCER - a group of diseases which makes body cells grow  lightheaded and very elated feeling
uncontrollably  intoxication, hangover, nausea
Three smokes produced by cigarette smoking
What is intoxication and when does it begin?
 MAINSTREAM SMOKE - refers specially to the smoke that a smoker INTOXICATION Definition: Physical and mental changes that the body is experiencing
directly inhales upon consuming alcohol
 SIDESTREAM SMOKE - the smoke that comes out of the lighted end  With the first drink of alcohol, it begins to affect your brain.
of a cigarette or pipe, also called second-hand smoke (SHS) or HANGOVER Definition: Physical effects that give discomfort to humans who heavily
environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is more dangerous than consumed alcohol
 It takes place when an alcohol drinker feels uncomfortable effects after drinking
mainstream smoke
 You get a hangover because the ethanol in the drink caused increase urine
 THIRD-HAND SMOKE - smoke left for a long time on sofa, beddings, production, leading to dehydration. Dehydration causes headaches, fatigue, and dry
pillow and other objects, also called residual tobacco smoke (RTS), mouth.
settles along with dust and can last for months, still contains harmful NAUSEA
chemicals and carcinogens.  Alcohol also irritates the stomach lining, which can lead to nausea. Nausea 
Why do young people start smoking? SOME REASONS: vomiting; motion sickness
 Young people are attracted to the image BLOOD-ALCOHOL CONCENTRATION Definition: (BAC) is the amount of alcohol that
has entered a person’s bloodstream at certain duration
 Because their friends and family are smokers
 also called blood alcohol level (BAL)
Forbes Academy Inc. – Squared MI Module Page
19
  Cultural influences  It is measured in percentages For instance: Having a BAC of 0.05% means there is
What are in cigarettes? Do you know? 5 parts of alcohol per 10,000 parts of blood in the body. 0.3 – 0.5% BAC could lead
 Over 4000 Chemicals!!!! (60 of which are carcinogenic) to coma, brain damages, and death
ALCOHOLISM Definition: a condition when a person heavily consumes alcohol
consistently which results to numerous body damages and malfunctions
BRAIN STROKE - a non-communicable disease which affects the arteries which carries
blood to the brain resulting to brain damage
 also called brain stroke or plainly stroke
CANCER - any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell
division which may spread to other parts of the body through lymphatic system or the
blood stream
CARCINOGEN - any substance that causes cancer
CIRRHOSIS - condition when the liver is “scarred” due to heavy alcohol consumption
CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD)
 a disease of smokers which worsens over time - characterized by severe coughing,
shortness of breath wheezing, and tightening of the chest
DEPENDENCE - condition when a person needs a drug-like alcohol and cigarette in order
for the body to function normally
EMPHYSEMA - lung disease which worsens in time, characterized by shortness of breath,
rapid breathing, and expanded chest activity
FATTY LIVER - condition when the liver is being stored with fat from alcohol
MULTIPLIER EFFECT - condition when alcohol is consumed simultaneously with any
drug or medicine, causing impairments in the physical and mental functioning of the body
TOLERANCE - condition when a person needs more alcohol to feel its original effects

Forbes Academy Inc. – Squared MI Module Page

20
Reference: Achieve Creative Experiences and Skills in MAPEH 8

Forbes Academy Inc. – Squared MI Module Page

21