‘machine languages, assembler languages, high-level languages, fourth-generation languages, and object oriented languages. Object-oriented languages like Java Tren eens Chapter 4/ Computer Sofroare @ 169 and special-purpose languages like ITTML and XML are being widely used for Web-based business applica tions and services. “These are the key terms and concepts of this chapter. ‘The page number oftheir first explanstion is given in parentheses 1. Application service provider 13, Groupware (141) 27. Presentation grapics ase) 049) 1H. High-level nguage (158) sofware (140) 2. Application sofeware (130) 15. 1TTML.(st) 28, Programming language (157) 3. Assembler language (158) 16. Tostane messaging IM) (137) 29. Software suites (135) 4. CASE tools (168) 17, Integrated package (136) 30, Spreadsheet package (139) 5. Cloud computing (145) 18. Jorn (164) 31, System software (147) 6. COTS sofware (130) 19. Langeage translator (167) 32. User interface (147) 7. Castors software (130) 20, Machine language (157) 33. Uslties (156) 8. Desktop publishing DTP)(139) 34. yfidleware (157) 34, Viresal memory (150) 9. E-mail (137) 22. Multiasking (151) 35, Web browser (136) Fourth-generation language (1% 5. Natural language (159) 36, Web services (165) accion apecic application 24. Object-oriented language (160) x ve estag sare 88) ° 25. Operating system (147) : General-purpose application programs (130) 26, Personal information manager (PIN) (141) Match one ofthe previous key terms and concepts with one of the brief examples or definitions that follow. Try to find the ‘bes fit for answers that seem to fit more than one term or concept. Defend your choices. ‘An approach to computing where tasks are as- signed to a combination of connections, software, and services accessed over a network. Programs that direct the performance ofa specific use of computers. A system of programs that manages the operations lof s computer system, ‘Companies that own, operate, and maintain ap- plication software fora fee asa service over the Internet. Integrated software tool that supports the develop- ‘ment of software applications. Software designed in-house for use by a specific ‘organization or set of users. "The function that provides a means of communi- ‘ation berween end users and an operating system, 8. Acronym meaning commercial off-the-shelf 9, Provides a greater memory capability than a ‘computer’ actual memory capacity —10. —u —n —B. —14. 15. 1 —1. —18 —1. ‘The ability o do several computing tasks concurrently, Converts numeric data into graphic displays, “Translates high-level instructions into machine language instructions Performs housekeeping chores for a computer system, ‘A category of application software that per~ forms common information processing tasks for end users, Software available for the specific applications of tend wsers in business, science, and other fields Helps you surf the Wet. ‘Uses your networked computer to send and receive messages. ‘Creates and displays a worksheet for analysis, Allows you to create and edit documents170 © Module If / Information Technologies —20. — 1. 2. — 3. — 4. —»s. —%. Enables you to produce your own brochures and newsletters Helps you keep track of appoinsments and tasks A program that performs several general-purpose applications A combination of individual general-purpose pplication packages that work easily together. Software to support the collaboration of teams and workgroups ‘Uses instructions in the form of coded strings of ‘ones and zeros. Uses instructions consisting of symbols represent- ing operation codes and storage locations ‘Uses instructions in the form of brief statements or the standard notation of mathematics. 28. Might take the form of query languages and report generators. Languages that tie cogether data and the aetions ‘hac will be performed on the data 30. As easy to use as one’s native tongue. 31 Includes programming editors, debuggers, and — 2. — 3. —™s. code generators. Produces hyperlinked multimedia documents for the Web, A Web document content description language A popular object-oriented language for Web-based applications 35. Windows, Linux, and Mac OS are common — 36. —s. — 38. examples, Software that helps diverse applications work together. Enables you to communicate and collaborate in real time with the online associates in your workgroup. Links business functions within applications for the exchange of data between companies via the Web. PIP What major trends are occurring in software? What capabilities do you expect to sce in fate sofeware packages? How do the different roles of system software and application sofeware affect you as a business end user? How do you see this changing in the furure? Refer to the Real World Case on Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) in the chapter. Do yor think GE would have been better off developing a system specifically custom- ied to their needs, given that GE's supply chain is like nothing else in the world? Why is an operating system necessary? ‘Thats, why can’t an end user just load an application program into 1 computer and start computing? Should a Web browser be integrated into an operating system? Why or why not? Refer to the Real World Case about the US, Department of Defense and its adoption of open-source software in Sr fare the chapter: Would such an approach work for a commercial organization, ori it limited to govern- rent entities? What would be the most important differences in each cae, ifany? Ae software suites, Web browsers, and groupware merging together? What are che implications fora Dbosiness and its end users? How are HTML, XML, and Java affecting business applications on the Web? Do you think Linus will surpass in adoption and wse, other operating systems for network and Web servers? Why oF why not? Which application software packages are the most important for a business end user to know how to use? Explain the reasons for your choices. Complete the following exercises as individual or group projects that apply chapter concepts to real-world business situations L Desktop Application Recognition “Tool Selection ABC Department Stores would like to acquire software to do the following tasks. Identify which software pack- ages they need. a. Surf the Web and their intranets and 'b. Send messages to one another's computer ‘workstations. . Help employees work together in teams