Stainless Steel

■■ About stainless steel ■■ Chemical components and mechanical properties of various stainless steel materials
Stainless steel refers to alloy steel containing chrome As the primary raw materials are Cr and Ni, they are ●● Austenitic
(Cr) and nickel (Ni) in addition to the 6 iron elements classified into 2 major categories: Cr and Cr-Ni. They Chemical components (%) Mechanical property
whose Cr content is approximately above 11%. are also classified into categories of martensitic, Classification Tensile Brinell
code Extension
Basically stainless steel should be Fe-Cr alloy containing ferrite and austenitic in terms of metal composition. C Si Mn P S Ni Cr Mo Others strength hardness
2 (%)
(N/mm ) (HB)
Cr for about 11% and Ni, Mo, Cu, Al and/or Si, etc. Also, there are other stainless steel materials such
0.15 or 1.00 or 2.00 or 0.045 0.03 or 520 or 40 or 187 or
are added to improve corrosion resistance, mechanical as austenitic/ferrite stainless steel and precipitation- SUS302 8.00 - 10.00 17.00 - 19.00 - -
less less less or less less above above less
properties, processing properties and other properties. hardened stainless steel, etc. 0.15 or 1.00 or 2.00 or 0.20 or 0.15 or 0.60 or 520 or 40 or 187 or
SUS303 8.00 - 10.00 17.00 - 19.00 -
less less less less above less above above less
●● Stainless steel categories 0.08 or 1.00 or 2.00 or 0.045 0.03 or 520 or 40 or 187 or
SUS304 8.00 - 10.50 18.00 - 20.00 - -
Categories Cr Cr-Ni less less less or less less above above less
Metal composition Martensitic Ferrite Austenitic 0.03 or 1.00 or 2.00 or 0.045 0.03 or 480 or 40 or 187 or
SUS304L 9.00 - 13.00 18.00 - 20.00 - -
Hardening Quenching hardening Non-quenching hardening Processing hardening less less less or less less above above less
0.08 or 1.50 or 2.00 or 0.045 0.03 or 520 or 40 or 187 or
SUS310S 19.00 - 22.00 24.00 - 26.00 - -
●● Effects of each element on performance less less less or less less above above less
Element Performance improvement 0.08 or 1.00 or 2.00 or 0.045 0.03 or 520 or 40 or 187 or
SUS316 10.00 - 14.00 16.00 - 18.00 2.00 - 3.00 -
Corrosion resistance (resistance less less less or less less above above less
Low carbon
C to grain boundary corrosivity) 0.03 or 1.00 or 2.00 or 0.045 0.03 or 480 or 40 or 187 or
SUS316L 12.00 - 15.00 16.00 - 18.00 2.00 - 3.00 -
High carbon Strength and hardness less less less or less less above above less
Corrosion resistance (resistance 0.08 or 1.00 or 2.00 or 0.045 0.03 or 480 or 40 or 187 or
Mo SUSXM7 8.50 - 10.50 17.00 - 19.00 - Cu：3.00 - 4.00
to porous corrosion) less less less or less less above above less
Cu Acid resistance
Corrosion resistance (resistance ●● Ferrite
Ti・Nb
to grain boundary corrosivity)
Chemical components (%) Mechanical property
Si・Al Oxidation resistance
Classification Tensile Brinell
S・Se Machinability code Extension
C Si Mn P S Ni Cr Mo Others strength hardness
(%)
(N/mm2) (HB)
0.12 or 0.75 or 1.00 or 0.04 or 0.03 or 0.60 or 450 or 22 or 183 or

■■ Types and features of stainless steel

SUS430 16.00 - 18.00 - -
less less less less less less above above less
0.12 or 1.00 or 1.00 or 0.04 or 0.03 or 0.60 or 450 or 22 or 183 or
SUS434 16.00 - 18.00 0.75 - 1.25 -
less less less less less less above above less
Classification
Features
code ●● Martensitic
Standard type 18Cr-8Ni steel. SUS303 and SUS304 are both improved variants of SUS302. Addition of Ni improves corrosion
SUS302 Chemical components (%) Mechanical property
resistance and mechanical properties.
Classification Tensile Brinell
Machinability is improved by addition of S and P to SUS302. However, its corrosion resistance are relatively low. Mo is added Extension
SUS303 code C Si Mn P S Ni Cr Mo Others strength hardness
to improve the corrosion resistance. (%)
2
(N/mm ) (HB)
This is an improved variant of SUS302 and features smaller amount of carbon and is superior in corrosion resistance and
SUS304 0.15 or 1.00 or 1.00 or 0.04 or 0.03 or 540 or 25 or 159 or
weldability. This is the most standard product among austenitic stainless steel. SUS410
SUS304L 0.60 or less 11.50 - 13.50 - -
SUS304L has carbon content lower than that of SUS304 and the resistance to grain boundary corrosion and weldability are improved. less less less less less above above above
This has good corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance as well as excellent high-temperature properties due to addition 0.15 or 1.00 or 1.25 or 0.06 or 0.15 or 0.60 or 540 or 17 or 159 or
SUS416 0.60 or less 12.00 - 14.00 -
of Ni and Cr and is used as heat resistant steel. less less less less above less above above above
SUS310S
This reduces the processing hardening by cold processing while weakening its magnetic property, so it is used as low 0.95 - 1.00 or 1.00 or 0.04 or 0.03 or 0.75 or 780 or 15 or 56HRC or
process hardening steel and nonmagnetic steel. SUS440C 0.60 or less 16.00 - 18.00 -
1.20 less less less less less above less above
This has good corrosion resistance and acid resistance as well as high-temperature strength due to addition of Mo and is
SUS316 ●● Values in chart are for reference only. They are not guaranteed values.
used as heat resistant steel.
SUS316L
SUS316L has carbon content lower than that of SUS316 and the resistance to grain boundary corrosion and weldability are improved.
SUSXM7 Cu is added to SUS304 to suppress the processing hardening in cold processing.
This is a standard type of 18Cr steel, having a good cold processing property and corrosion resistance. Because of its
SUS430
inexpensive price, it is widely used in many applications.
SUS434 Mo is added to SUS430 to improve the corrosion resistance.
SUS410 Representative martensitic stainless steel This has excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance after heat treatment.
Corrosion resistance and toughness after heat treatment are improved with Si and Cr composition range narrowed down.
SUS403
This is used for valves, pump shafts, edges, bolts, nuts, steam turbine blades and jet engine components, etc.
SUS416 Machinability of 13Cr steel is improved by addition of S and P. Its corrosion resistance are relatively lower than the standard type.
Toughness and corrosion resistance are improved by addition of Ni and Cr, respectively and its corrosion resistance is the
SUS431 best among martensitic materials that endure heat treatment. This is used for papermaking machines, marine shafts and
aerospace components, etc.
This has the highest hardness among stainless steel materials and excellent abrasion resistance, so this is used for dice and
SUS440C
ball bearings, etc.
This is precipitation-hardened stainless steel with the highest heat resistance among JIS steel types and used for thin plates
SUS631J1
and wire springs.

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