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Journal of 9

This document summarizes a lecture on writing scientific papers. It discusses the key components of the IMRAD structure: Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion. The introduction should state the research question and convince readers of the study's importance without reviewing past literature. The methods section should describe the study design and analysis in enough detail to allow replication. Key details on measurements, statistical analysis, and randomization should be provided. The conclusion emphasizes keeping introductions short and focused on the research question and importance.

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Viktor's L. Çukaj
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49 views2 pages

Journal of 9

This document summarizes a lecture on writing scientific papers. It discusses the key components of the IMRAD structure: Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion. The introduction should state the research question and convince readers of the study's importance without reviewing past literature. The methods section should describe the study design and analysis in enough detail to allow replication. Key details on measurements, statistical analysis, and randomization should be provided. The conclusion emphasizes keeping introductions short and focused on the research question and importance.

Uploaded by

Viktor's L. Çukaj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Journal of (31.06.

2021) lecture
Viktor Çukaj

Today we started our lecture with a great motivational video. It was a 6


minutes video which was titled “Dream”. Then professor Isa told us about APA
(American Psychological Association). After this we continued with the lesson.
There were 5 letters which represented 4 words:
IMRAD
 I - Introduction (What question was asked?)
 M – Methods (How was it studied?)
 R – Results (What was found?)
 D – Discussion (What do the finding means?)

Introduction part should be brief and must state clearly the question that you
tried to answer in the study. It is very important that the introduction does not
include a review of the literature. The introduction usually is written before the
work is started, but it can be published even while the work is in progress. This
is done by more patient literature publishers. An example is the newspaper,
which it’s goal is to attract readers by just one line.
Professor emphasised to us that you should not be taking a study or writing a
paper unless you are confident that it adds importantly to what has gone before.
Usually, it is not so easy to make clear how your study is better than previous
ones, and this is done by “Keeping It Short”. The readers tend to be bored if
something is written again and again, so this is why you have to keep it short.
Another thing is that you have to be aware of the earlier studies. Every time
before beginning a study you should make these things:
1. Seek for the helping of a librarian.
2. Make contact with the experts of the field.
3. Find the latest review of the subject.
Another to do thing is that you should be sure your readers are convinced of
the importance of your question, but don’t overdo it. A common mistake is the
repetition of the material.
An important thing is that you should give the study’s design but not the
conclusion. The introduction must not give the final conclusion
So the conclusion to write an effective introduction is:
1. You must know your audience.
2. Keep it short.
3. Tell readers why you have done the study.
4. Explain why it’s important.
5. Convince them that it is better than what has gone before.
6. Try as hard as you can to hook them in the first line.

Another thing is Methods. The main purposes of the methods section


are to describe, and sometimes defend, the experimental design and to
provide enough detail that a competent worker could repeat the study.
To ensure reproducible data, authors should:
1. Give complete details of any new methods used.
2. Give the precision of the measurements undertaken.
3. Sensibly use statistical analysis.
4. You must describe, in logical sequence, how your study was designed
and executed, and how you analysed the data.

You need to include some things in the method selection. You have to keep
the selection brief. Say how randomization was done. Use name to identify
groups.
In the end professor Isa taught a lot of things to us in this lesson. But all the
above were the most important things of the day.

Since it is the last journal we write, I wish professor all the best and own
him a BIG THANK YOU for a great semester.
All the best
Professor Isa!

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