Name: Arshad Khan

Roll number# 18270

Department : Bs English
Semester: 2nd
Subject: English Communication
Assignment topic: Child LABOUR
Child labour
Child labour is defined as the use of children in industry or business,
especially when illegal or considered inhumane.

The work that these children do is often harmful to their health, interferes with their
education, or inhibits their physical mental, spiritual, moral or social development.

Approximately 4.3 million children work in forced labour, which

includes children in situations of debt bondage, slavery and commercial sexual
exploitation.

A child’s age, the type of work and the hours of work

performed are determining factors in whether a particular form of work can be
classified as child labour..

Causes of child labour:

1. Poverty
like so many other issues in the world, the root cause of child labour is 
poverty Unemployment and the need to survive often lead families to make
desperate decisions. Lack of education can also impact children – since their
parents may not understand or see the short and long-term value of their child
receiving an education instead of working.

2. Crisis
Natural disasters or the death of one of both parents can force children in to
hazardous work in order to help their family survive day-to-day.

3. Chronic emergencies
Things like repeat drought or famine can leave families in dire circumstances
where working to survive is one of the few options.
4. Conflict
 War or government corruption can turn the lives of children upside down,
forcing them to abandon schooling and regular routines to earn a living

5. Demands
The demand for low prices and cheap obedient labour can trap children in hazardous
work.

6. Right for workers

Workers’ abilities to organize unions affect the international protection of core
labor standards, including child labor. Attacks on workers’ abilities to organize
make it more difficult to improve labor standards and living standards in order
to eliminate child labor. For example, in 2010, 5,000 workers were fired and
2,500 workers were arrested as a result of their union activity, according to
the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions..Economy.

7. Economy
As multinational corporations expand across borders, countries often compete
for jobs, investment, and industry. This competition sometimes slows child
labor reform by encouraging corporations and governments to seek low labor
costs by resisting international standards. Some U.S. legislation has begun to
include labor standards and child labor as criteria for preferential trade and
federal contracts. However, international free trade rules may prohibit
consideration of child labor or workers’ rights.

8. Uneducation
We know that poverty often pushes children to work, yet when children leave
school early to enter the labor force they are more likely to end up in
occupations that limit their chances of breaking out of poverty.
Effects of child labour :

 In Agriculture
Children may be exposed to toxic pesticides or fertilizers. They work with
dangerous blades and tools and carry heavy loads. 

 In mining
Children may use poisonous chemicals, face the risk of mine collapse,
and sometimes work with explosives. 

 In construction
Children may carry heavy loads, work at heights without safety
equipment, and risk injury from dangerous machinery. 

 In manufacturing
Children may use toxic solvents, perform repetitive tasks in painful
positions, and risk injury from sharp tools. In domestic work, children
risk abuse, work

 In domestic work
Children risk abuse, work long hours, and often live in isolation from
their families and friends. 

 Mental health
This can result in extreme bodily and mental harm, and even death. It
can lead to slavery and sexual or economic exploitation. And in nearly
every case, it cuts children off from schooling and health care,
restricting their fundamental rights and threatening their health.

 Negative effects
The difficulty of tasks and harsh working conditions create a number of problems
such as premature ageing, malnutrition, depression, drug dependency etc. From
disadvantaged backgrounds, minority groups, or abducted from their families,
these children have no protection.
 Tips for eliminating child labour
1. Take responsibility
Children do not work because they want to,
and parents would ideally much rather see their children receive an
education. Child labour is socially accepted when people see no other
option but to send their children to work. Governments must abide by
internationally accepted agreements, companies must employ adults
instead of children and – importantly – consumers must not buy goods
produced by child labour.

2. Work on education
children from child labour does not mean that
they will automatically attend school. Schooling can be
expensive, or of very poor quality, and so some parents think
sending their children to work is the obvious alternative. Both
large and smaller businesses can make their contribution by
raising awareness about the importance of education in their
workplaces, communities, industries or sectors .

3. Provide support

Children are also at greater health and safety

risk in the workplace for a number of reasons:

 Lack work experience – children are less able to make informed judgments.
 Want to perform well – children are willing to go the “extra mile” without
realising the risks.
 Learn unsafe health and safety behaviour from adults.Might not be carefully
trained and balanced

4. Improve economic growth

 As many as 7.8 million Indian children are forced
to earn a livelihood even if they also attend school. Many of
these children drift away from the path of education completely
and get end up in child labour. This means a country has a lack
of formally educated adults who can contribute to the process of
nation-building and to the country’s economic growth

5. Engage with development goals

We know that the 17 Sustainable Development

Goals (SDGs), adopted in 2015, will only succeed if we work
towards the goals together. The sub-Saharan African region is
among those affected by situations of extreme poverty, state
fragility and crisis, and by natural disasters and population
displacements associated with global climate change, which in
turn are known to heighten the risk of child labour.