OBJECTIVES OF THE LECTURE

• To trace the founding and purpose of

Katipunan in the face of Philippine history
• To appreciate the lives of the founding fathers
of the Philippine revolution
• To correct some misconceptions about
Bonifacio
• To be able to grasp the ideals and values that
one can learn from the Katipunan
BONIFACIO?
• Beggar
• Muscle man (Gym tone body)
• Illiterate (others say “bobo”)
• No military strategy
• Hot tempered
• Always wanted violence
KATIPUNAN?
• It literally means an association which is derived from
the root word “tipon” a word which means gather
together
• Kataastaasan, Kagalang-galangan Katipunan ng mga Anak
ng Bayan
• High and Honorable Society of the Children of the
Nation,
• Suprema y Venerable Asociación de los Hijos del Pueblo
Sampung utos ng mga frayle

• Ang mga utos nang Prayle ay sampu:

Ang una: Sambahin mo ang Prayle na lalo sa

lahat.

Ang ikalawa: Huwag kang magpapahamak o

manumba ng ngalang deretsos.

Ang ikatlo: Manalangin ka sa Prayle Linggo man

at piyesta.
• Ang ikapat: Isanla mo ang
katauhan mo sa pagpapalibing sa
ama't ina,

Ang ikalima: Huwag kang

mamamatay kung wala pang
salaping panlibing.

Ang ika-anim: Huwag kang

makiapid sa kanyang asawa.
• Ang ikapito: Huwag kang
makinakaw.

Ang ikawalo: Huwag mo silang

pagbibintangan, kahit ka
masinungalingan.

Ang ikasiyam: Huwag mong

ipagkait ang iyong asawa.
Ang ikapulo: Huwag mong itangi
ang iyong ari.
• Itong sampong utos ng Prayle'y dalawa
ang kinauuwian.

Ang isa: Sambahin mo ang Prayle lalo

sa lahat.

Ang ikalawa: Ihain mo naman sa

kaniya ang puri mo't kayamanan. Siya
nawa.
The Founding of the Katipunan

• On the night of July 7, 1892, when

Rizal was exiled to Dapitan in
Mindanao, Andrés Bonifacio,
Valentin Diaz, Teodoro Plata,
Ladislao Diwa, Deodato Arellano,
and a few others, founded the
Katipunan in a house in Azcarraga
(Claro M. Recto Avenue), near
Elcano Street, Tondo.
A house in Azcarraga

After Before
• The men gathered around a flickering table lamp,
performed the ancient blood compact, and signed
their membership papers with their own blood.
• Any person who wished to join the
Katipunan was subjected to certain
initiation rites, resembling those
of Masonic rites, to test his courage,
patriotism, and loyalty. New recruits
underwent the initiation rite three at a
time so that no member knew more than
two other members of the society.
• The neophyte was first blindfolded and then led
into a dimly-lighted room with black curtains
where his folded cloth was removed from his
eyes. An admonition, in Tagalog, was posted at
the entrance to the room:

• Kung may lakás at tapang, ìkaw'y makatutuloy!

• Kung ang pag-uusisa ang̃ nagdalá sa iyó dito'y

umurong ka.

• Kung di ka marunong pumigil ng̃ iyong

masasamang hilig, umurong ka; kailan man ang
pintuan ng̃
May-kapangyarihan at Kagalanggalang Katipunan
ng̃ mg̃á Anak ng̃ Baya'y bubuksan dahil sa iyó.
The Triangle Method
The Katipunan Objectives

• Political
• working for the separation of the
Philippines from Spain
• Moral
• Teaching of good manners, hygiene,
good morals, and attacking
obscurantism, religious fanaticism, and
weakness of character
• Civic
• Principle of self-help and the defense of
the poor and oppressed
The Structure of the Katipunan

• Three Governing Bodies

–Kataastaasang Sanggunian or the

Supreme Council

–Sangguniang Bayan or Provincial

Council

–Sangguniang Balangay or Popular

Council
The Structure of the Katipunan

• Sangguniang Hukuman or Judicial Council

-Judicial matters affecting the members of
the society were referred to a sort of court.

• It sat as a court of justice to pass

judgment on any member who
violated the rules of the society
• Mediate between quarrelling
brethren or factions.
Kinds of Membership

• First grade (Katipon)

password: Anak ng Bayan

• Second grade (Kawal)

password: GOMBURZA

• Third grade (Bayani)

password: Rizal
The Structure of the Katipunan

• The Katipon could graduate

to the Kawal class if he had
brought several members into
the society, while the Kawal
could become a Bayani upon
being elected as an officer of
the society.
The First Supremo of the
Katipunan

DEODATO ARELLANO
FLAGS OF THE KATIPUNAN
The first official flag
Bonifacio’s
of the society
personal flag
General Mariano Llanera’s
banner
General Pio del
Pilar’s Flag
Flag of the Magdalo Faction

Flag of the Magdiwang faction

An early version of the
Katipunan Flag. It has
the 3 Ks arranged in Flag with only one “K” at the
an equilateral traingle center. All version had a red
background to denote the
revolutionary character of the
Katipunan
The first official revision of the flag took
place after the 1897 Naic conference
presided by Aguinaldo.
Gregorio Del Pilar’s Flag. The
design was patterned after the
flag of Cuba, then in revolt
against Spain.
Andres Bonifacio and Emilio
Jacinto
Andres D. Bonifacio
• Born on November 30, 1863

• He had three brothers and two sisters:

Ciriaco, Procopio, Espiridiona, Troadio
and Maxima.

• Member of Rizal’s La Liga Filipina

• One of the founders of Katipunan

Andres D. Bonifacio

• He read Rizal’s two novels

• Hugo’s Les Miserables
• Eugene Sue’s The Wandering Jew
• The lives of the Presidents of the
United States
• International law, the Penal and
Civil Codes and book on the French
Revolution
Emilio D. Jacinto
• “Brains of the Katipunan”
• Born in Tondo on December 15, 1875
• The son of Mariano Jacinto and Josefa
Dizon
• He joined the Katipunan at the age of
18
• He was the trusted friend and adviser of
Bonifacio
• He wrote the Kartilla/Kartilya which
embodies the teachings of the
• He was the editor of the Kalayaan, the
newspaper of katipunan
• He also wrote
• Liwanag at Dilim
• Pahayag
• Sa mga Kababayan
• Ang Kasalanan ni Cain
• Pagkatatag ng Pamahalaan sa Hukuman
ng Silangan
• Samahan ng Bayan sa Pangangalakal
KATIPUNAN’S KARTILYA

“Ang buhay na hindi ginugugol sa

isang malaki at banal na
kadahilanan ay kahoy na walang
lilim, kundi (man) damong
makamandag."

(A life that is not dedicated to a

noble cause is like a tree without a
shade but a poisonous weed.)
 "Sa taong may hiya, salita'y panunumpa."
(To a [person] of honor, his/her word is a
pledge.)

“Huwag mong sayangin ang panahon; ang ya-

mang nawala'y mangyayaring magbalik; ngunit
panahong nagdaan na'y di na muli pang magda-
daan."
(Don't waste time; lost wealth can be retrireved,
but time lost is lost forever.)
 "Ang taong matalino'y ang may pag-iingat
sa bawat sasabihin; matutong ipaglihim
ang dapat ipaglihim."
(The wise man is careful in all he has to say
and is discreet about things that need to
be kept secret.)
"Ang babae ay huwag mong tingnang isang
bagay na libangan lamang, kundi isang
katuwang at karamay (ng lalaki) sa mga
kahirapan nitong buhay; gamitin mo nang
buong pagpipitagan ang kanyang (pisikal na)
kahinaan, at alalahanin ang inang
pinagbuhatan at nag-iwi sa iyong kasang-
gulan.”

(Never regard a woman as an object for you to

trifle with; rather you should consider her as a
partner and helpmate. Give proper
considerations to a woman's frailty and never
forget that your own mother, who brought you
forth and nurtured you from infancy, is herself
such a person.)
Teachings of the Katipunan

• Jacinto’s Kartilla /Kartilya

• A word adopted from the Spanish cartilla
• Consisted of “teachings” of the katipunan

• Bonifacio’s Katungkulang Gawain ng

mga Z. Ll. B.
• Is also considered to be a reference of the
teachings of the katipuneros
ANDRES BONIFACIO, Dekalogo ng
Katipunan

• "ANG KASIPAGAN SA PAGHAHANAP

BUHAY AY PAGMAMAHAL DIN SA SARILI,
SA ASAWA, ANAK AT KAPATID O
KABABAYAN."

(Diligence in the work that gives

sustenance to thee is the true basis of
love -- love for thine own self, for thine
wife and children, for thine brothers
and countrymen.)
The Women’s Chapter of the
Katipunan
• It is limited to the wives, daughters, and sisters
of the male members
• Its their duty to take in new members; to see to
it that the meetings of the male members were
not disturbed by authorities
• Acted as a front for the clandestine goings-on of
the Katipuneros.
The Women’s Chapter of the
Katipunan

JOSEFA RIZAL GREGORIA DE JESUS

PRESIDENT VICE PRESIDENT
Bonifacio to Oriang

• "In case I fall in battle, re-

marry so you will be
protected, but choose a
man who will have the
same love and affection
which I have for you."
Ang mga aral ni Oriang
1. Igalang at mahalin ang magulang
pagka’t ito ang pangalawang Dios
sa lupa.

2. Alalahanin tuwina ang mga

banal na aral ng mga bayani na
nasawi dahil sa pag-ibig sa bayan.

3. Huwag magaksaya ng panahon

ng di pamarisan.
4. Pagsikapang magkaroon ng anomang
karunungan na tumutugon sa kanyang hilig
upang paki-nabangan ng bayan.

5. Ang kabaitan ay alalahaning isang

malaking kayamanan.

6. Igalang ang mga gurong nagpapamulat

ng isip pagka’t kung utang sa magulang
ang pagiging tao ay utang naman sa
nagturo ang pagpapakatao.
7. Iligtas ang api sa panganib.

8. Matakot sa kasaysayan pagka’t walang

lihim na di nahahayag.

9. Kapag napagingatan ang kasamaan ay

doon manggagaling ang malaking
karangalan.

10. Sikapin ang ikapagkakaisa ng lahat at

ika uunlad ng bayan upang huwag
magkaroon ng sagabal ang kasarinlan."
PAG-IBIG SA TINUBUANG LUPA
(ANDRES BONIFACIO)

“Aling pag-ibig pa ang hihigit

kaya
sa pagkadalisay at pagkadakila
Gaya ng pag-ibig sa tinubuang
lupa? Aling pag-ibig pa? Wala
na nga, wala.”
FACTIONS OF KATIPUNAN
in CAVITE

MARIANO ALVAREZ BALDOMERO AGUINALDO

MAGDIWANG FACTION MAGDALO FACTION
Some famous members of the
Katipunan

Dr. Pio Valenzuela

Rescue attempts of Katipunan on Dr. Jose
Rizal in Dapitan and Rizal’s advice to the
Katipunan

• Get the support of the wealthy

people

• Seek the help of Antonio Luna

Some famous members of the
Katipunan
Some famous members of the
Katipunan
How the Katipunan
discovered?
DISCOVERY OF THE
KATIPUNAN
• In August 1896, two katipuneros who
were working at Diario De Manila had a
quarrel. They are Apolinio Dela Cruz and
Teodoro Patiño
• Patiño, being a weakling told his sister
Honoria about the existence of a secret
society that has an intention of
overthrowing the Spanish government in
the Philippines
DISCOVERY OF THE
KATIPUNAN
• Honoria told the same to the
Spanish friar Mariano Gil who then
reported it to Spanish authorities
• The lockers and documents of the
Katipunan were then discovered
• Several persons were arrested
including innocent civilians
suspected as members of the
organization
DISCOVERY OF THE
KATIPUNAN
• Although the revolution was pre-
mature, Bonifacio proceeded to fight
the Spanirads
• He called for a meeting and the
Katipuneros in a symbolic act of disgust
tore their cedulas in the so called Cry
of Pugadlawin (Hawk’s nest) to show
that they separated from Spain
• Rebels then started to attack several
places as the start of the revolution
CRY OF BALINTAWAK
GOVERNOR-GENERAL RAMON
BLANCO DECLARES MARTIAL LAW
Dr. Jose Rizal said:

“Why independence, if
the slaves of today will
be the tyrants of
tomorrow?”
Dr. Jose Rizal said:

“It is a useless life that

is not consecrated to a
great ideal. It is like a
stone wasted in the
field without becoming
part of an edifice.”