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Dewpoint and Vapor Pressure Deficit Equations

This document discusses equations for calculating dewpoint temperature and vapor pressure deficit from temperature and relative humidity. It provides the exact equations for saturated vapor pressure using the Tetens formula and for calculating dewpoint temperature. It also defines key terms like saturation vapor pressure, relative humidity, vapor density, and includes some approximations that can be used to estimate saturated vapor pressure and dewpoint temperature for certain ranges.

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suresh
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196 views2 pages

Dewpoint and Vapor Pressure Deficit Equations

This document discusses equations for calculating dewpoint temperature and vapor pressure deficit from temperature and relative humidity. It provides the exact equations for saturated vapor pressure using the Tetens formula and for calculating dewpoint temperature. It also defines key terms like saturation vapor pressure, relative humidity, vapor density, and includes some approximations that can be used to estimate saturated vapor pressure and dewpoint temperature for certain ranges.

Uploaded by

suresh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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    DEWPOINT AND VAPOR PRESSURE DEFICIT EQUATIONS 

 From Tetens Formula, the relation between temperature and the partial pressure of water vapor: 
               e(millibars) = 6.1078 exp( (17.269*T) / (237.3+T) ) 
          where, 
e is saturated vapor pressure in millibars 
T is temperature in degrees C 
          and the equation for relative humidity: 
               Rh=(ea/es)*100 
          where, 
                ea is the actual vapor pressure or vapor pressure at dewpoint temperature 
                es is the saturation vapor pressure or vapor pressure at air temperature 
     it can be shown that: 
  
    Dew point temperature = Tdew = (237.3*X) / (17.269‐X) 
          where X=ln(Rh/100)+((17.269*Tair)/(237.3+Tair)), and 
          Tair is air temperature 
          Tdew is dew point temperature 
     And, 
     Vapor Pressure Deficit = es‐ea = es‐(Rh*es/100) at any instant. 
      
     ******************************** 
      
           DEFINITIONS: 
      
          SATURATION VAPOR PRESSURE: water evaporating and condensing through 
          the air‐water interface yields zero net transport. 
      
          Ideal gas law to sat vap pr: 
                  e = pRT 
             e=vapor pressure in millibars 
             p=vapor density in mass/unit volume  (g/cubic meter) 
             T=absolute temperature (degrees Kelvin) 
             R=vapor gas constant 
      
          If we use the universal gas constant for R, the formula becomes 
                  e = 1.61pRT 
      
          which becomes 
                  p = 0.622e/RT 
      
          This is known as VAPOR DENSITY or ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY of the atmosphere. 
      
          RELATIVE HUMIDITY is the ratio of the vapor density (or pressure) to 
          the saturation vapor density (or pressure) at the same temperature. 
      
          ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ 
      
          APPROXIMATIONS: 
      
          For saturated vapor pressure in temperature range 25‐55 deg Fahrenheit: 
                  e == 6.11 + 0.339(D‐32) 
             e = sat vap pr in millibars 
             D = dew point temperature in Fahrenheit 
      
          For saturated vapor pressure in temperature range 25‐55 deg Fahrenheit: 
                  e == 0.18 + 0.01(D‐32) 
             e = sat vap pr in inches of mercury 
             D = dew point temperature in Fahrenheit 
      
          Relative humidity can be approximated from air and dew point by 
                  rh = 100 ((112 ‐ 0.1T + D) / 112 + 0.9T)**8 
             T = temperature 
             D = dew point 
          (Range of valid temperatures is unknown). 
      
          Dew point can be approximated in temp range ‐40 to 50 deg C by 
                T ‐ D = (14.55+0.114T)*x + ((2.5+0.007T)*x)**3 + ((15.9+0.117T)*x)**14 
             T = temperature 
             D = dewpt 
             x = complement of relative humidity in decimal form, ie. x = 1.0 ‐ (rh/100) 

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