JMJ Marist Brothers

Notre Dame of Marbel University

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

NDMU SHS HONOR STUDENTS’ STRATEGIES IN

DEVELOPING SELF- ESTEEM
___________________________________________

A RESEARCH PAPER

Presented to
The Faculty of the Senior High School
NOTRE DAME OF MARBEL UNIVERSITY

____________________________________

In Partial Fulfilment
of the Requirements for the subject
Practical Research 1
_________________________________

By:

March, 2019
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Chapter:
I. Introduction
A. Background of the Study 1
B. Research Question 2
C. Scope and the Limitation 2
D. Significance of the Study 3
II. Review of Related Literature
A. Self –Esteem 4

B. Dimensions of Self- Esteem 7

C. Self Worth 10
D. Senior Highschool 12
E. Notre Dame of Marbel University 12
F. Honor Student 14
III. Methodology
A. Research Design 16
B. Locale of the Study 17
C. Participants of the Study 18
D. Sampling Design 18
E. Data Sources 18
F. Data Collection 19
G. Data Analysis Technique 19
H. Ethical Protocol 20
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

IV. Results and Discussion

A. Thematic Analysis 21
V. Summary, Findings, Conclusion and Recommendation
A. Summary 27
B. Findings 28
C. Conclusion 28
D. Recommendation 29
References 30
Appendices:
A. Appendix A 32
B. Appendix B 34
C. Appendix C 35
D. Appendix D 40
Abstract
Acknowledgement
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

Chapter I
INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Self-esteem plays a big role in everyone’s life; it allows you to accept your own

self capacity and helps you in building your own confident to socialize with other people

and in valuing your own self. Self-esteem had been a big problem around the world.

Based on the research of Schmitt and Allik (2005) the five countries that have a highest

self-esteem are Serbia, Chile, Israel, Peru, and Estonia. While the countries that having

a low self-esteem problems are Japan, Hong Kong, Bangladesh, Czech Republic, and

Taiwan. This is not just simple problem it can leads you to suicidal tendencies because

according to (Support After Suicide, 2012) several studies shows that men and women

of all ages – from adolescents to seniors – often have suicidal tendencies due to lack

self-esteem.

We choose this study because our school provides a quality education for the

betterment of spiritual, moral and academic formation of students. Even in small ways

teachers try to make their student participate not just in class but also in school

activities. We want to know the perceptions of students about self-esteem and how

does self-esteem affects their academic performance. Also the researchers want to

conduct this study because we want to help and contribute in finding solutions about the

students’ self-esteem problems.

 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

Research Questions

This study aims to describe the NDMU SHS Honor Students’ Strategies in

Developing Self- Esteem specifically, it seeks to answer the following question:

1. What are the common strategies of NDMU SHS honor students in

developing self-esteem?

2. How do these strategies help them in developing self-esteem?

3. If they have low self-esteem, what could be the causes?

Scope and the Limitation

This study is entitled “Ways of NDMU SHS Students’ in Developing their Self-

Esteem” the researchers want to determine and describe the self-esteem of NDMU

SHS students. This study is a descriptive qualitative design. This would be conducted at

the campus of Notre Dame of Marbel University, Koronadal City, South Cotabato. The

participants of our study are the Senior High School Honor Students of NDMU, the

students must have the capacity to answer our questions, must be a bonafied Senior

High School student, willing to be interviewed face to face and showing off that they are

ready to answer the questions. By conducting this study we will use interview guide as

our Research Instrument and by analyzing our data we will use the Data Set Analysis.

The findings of this research are conclusive only to the participants of the study and

cannot be generalized to other people of groups.

 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

Significance of the Study

This study was significant to the following:

The Students will also benefit from the findings of the study because the

information can provide new knowledge on what is the main reason of having a high

self-esteem and what are the strategies to develop self-esteem.

The Parents in a way that they would be aware to help their children in gaining

self-esteem and also in always tell their children to have trust on themselves.

And the Teachers will benefit from the study to provide them information about

student’s self-esteem and activities that will improve students’ self-esteem.

The School Administrators to help the students in building a trust to

themselves.
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

Chapter II
REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

This chapter presents the review of related literature that we’re used to analyze

and discuss the emergent themes of the study.

Self-esteem

According to (DiscoveryHealth.com, n.d.) Self-esteem is the way you think about

yourself and what you expect of yourself. According to Burn (1982) self-esteem is the

complex cognitive affective response, which accompanies behavior in accordance with

conscience. According to Corey (1994) that self-esteem is the way one feels about

oneself, including the degree to which one possesses self-respect and self-acceptance.

Self-esteem is the sense of personal worthy and competence that a person associates

with that of self-concept. All of us had been experiencing questioning our capability in

this world. Bhardwaj and Agrawal (2013) states that there was not any gender

differences found in the overall self-esteem in the pre-adolescence period.

Family environment and self-esteem plays important role in development of

hostility among adolescents (Divya & Manikandan, 2012). Parenting must also play an

important role in self-esteem development of children. Students in elementary level who

have high self-esteem have parents who are caring and supportive, who put high

standards for their child and encourage them to voice their opinion in decision making

(Lamborn et al., 1996).

 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

Duari and Pavakar (2012) states that self-esteem is that felling at the center of

your being of self-worth, self-confidence, and self-respect. It is confidence in the

effectiveness of one’s mind, and ability to think by extension, it is confidence in one’s

ability to learn, make appropriate choices and decisions, and respond effectively to

change. It is also the experience that success, accomplishments, fulfillment, and

happiness which are right and natural for people. It is respect or favorable opinion of

oneself and also an unduly high opinion of oneself. Self-esteem reflects a person’s

overall self-appraisal of their personal worth.

According to Department of Psychology (2017) Self-esteem, that is contingent on

success and competence, triggers fundamentally different habitual thought and

behavior patterns than contingent self-esteem that involve seeking compensation from

emotional support and acceptance. These behaviors and attitudes have in recent

studies been linked to distinctive patterns of coping with social threats and differential

health outcomes. Self-esteem is defined as a self-judgment. Early research highlighted

the differences between 'trait' self-esteem, (an individual's inherent level of self-esteem).

As opposed to 'state' self-esteem, which is dependent on the level of success or failure

in a relevant and personal goal (Rosen, 2018).

Having a high self-esteem is considered to be one of the most important factors

in our mental health and a significant driver of behavior across a broad spectrum of

human activities. It related powerfully to the way we emotionally experience life events.
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

For example, it can increase or decrease our positive emotions when experiencing

success or influence our negative emotions following a perceived failure.

Self-esteem is also a highly structured and hierarchical self-concept, with specific

self-esteem attributions given to certain areas within individuals lives. It can be

measured and perceived as a highly valued asset, linked to enhanced initiative and

positive feelings.

According to Karl Perera, having low self-esteem would mean that you do not

respect or value yourself highly. If you feel like this about yourself, you will not feel in

control and negativity may take hold of you. Your confidence maybe low and so you will

not believe in your ability to be successful. You may be more likely to believe other

people's negative comments rather than trust your own opinion.

It is possible to have too much confidence and pride, but not too much

self-esteem. If you do not know your limits and have unrealistic confidence then you

may be heading for a big fall. In the same way, pride can result to large ego and if

things do not go according to on how you expect, you may really get hurt. As with

everything else, you need balance and self-esteem will give you that. (Perera, n.d.)

Confidence alludes to an individual's convictions about their very own value and

esteem. It likewise has to do with the sentiments individuals encounter that pursue from

their feeling of value or disgracefulness. Confidence is vital on the grounds that it

vigorously impacts individuals' decisions and choices. At the end of the day, confidence
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

serves a persuasive capacity by making it pretty much likely that individuals will deal

with themselves and investigate their maximum capacity. Individuals with high

confidence are additionally individuals who are aroused to deal with themselves and to

steadily endeavor towards the satisfaction of individual objectives and desires.

Individuals with lower confidence don't will in general view themselves as deserving of

cheerful results or fit for accomplishing them thus will in general let essential things

slide and to be less determined and versatile regarding defeating affliction. They may

have indistinguishable sorts of objectives from individuals with higher confidence,

however they are commonly less spurred to seek after them to their decision.

(Oswalt, n.d)

Dimensions of Self-Esteem

High Self-esteem vs. Low Self-esteem. Self-esteem is thought of as occurring on

a continuum, meaning that it is thought to smoothly vary in amount or magnitude from

low to high across different individuals. Some people have higher self-esteem, while

other people have lower self-esteem. The differences between these people are not

obvious, but instead are apparent only through comparison of their thoughts and

feelings about their worth

Self-esteem is shaped by your thoughts, relationships and experiences. When you have

healthy self-esteem, you feel good about yourself and see yourself as deserving the

respect of others. When you have low self-esteem, you put little value on your opinions

and ideas.
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

The advantages of a sound confidence are many. Kids who have high self-esteem

come to love themselves and consider themselves commendable accomplices and able

issue solvers. They build up a solid parity of enjoying their identity, yet additionally

perceiving that there are ways they can proceed to develop and to create. With a sound

confidence, kids feel that they have constructive qualities and aptitudes they can offer to

other individuals, and they likewise feel they are deserving of being adored and

acknowledged by others including family and companions. They feel in a general sense

meriting a lot of assets like nourishment, protect, love, time, regard, and pride. Kids with

sound confidence are bound to be glad, to make and keep positive companions, and to

continue on in working through troublesome circumstances that happen seeing

someone. They will see testing circumstances as chances to have a go at something

new, regardless of whether they're not totally fruitful. Since they are such as themselves

and trust they are deserving of being thought about by others, they are more uncertain

than are individuals with lower confidence to remain in injurious or exploitive

circumstances. They are likewise bound to deal with themselves physically and

inwardly, and to endure in troublesome and effortful interests, for example, finishing

their training or acing an occupation. (Mayo Clinic Staff n.d)

Low self-esteem is characterized by a lack of confidence and feeling badly about

oneself. People with low self-esteem often feel unlovable, awkward, or incompetent.

According to researchers Morris Rosenberg and Timothy J. Owens, who wrote Low

Self-Esteem People: A Collective Portrait, people with low self-esteem tend to be

 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

hypersensitive. They have a fragile sense of self that can easily be wounded by others.

Furthermore, people with low self-esteem are “hypervigilant and hyperalert to signs of

rejection, inadequacy, and rebuff,” write Rosenberg and Owens. Often, individuals

lacking self-esteem see rejection and disapproval even when there isn’t any. “The

danger always lurks that [they] will make a mistake, use poor judgement, do something

embarrassing, expose [themselves] to ridicule, behave immorally or contemptibly. Life,

in all its variety, poses on ongoing threat to the self-esteem.” (Firestone, n.d)

According to Angela Oswalt, just as self-esteem can be too high or "overly-

inflated" in proportion to a person's accomplishments and actions, it can also be too low,

or "under-inflated" as well. In many cases people who end up having poor self-esteem

actually have met adversity and challenges and treated others well, and do have a basis

for feeling good about themselves. However, for various reasons, including a tendency

towards depression, anxiety or obsessive perfectionism, a habit of engaging in cognitive

distortions, or because they have been abused or exploited they may not recognize

these accomplishments and actions as meaningful. They perceive themselves as failing

to meet an internalized and unreasonably high standard of goodness and thus display

very low self-esteem and corresponding emotional distress when they cannot meet that

internal standard. However, an outside observer would see them as worthy based on

accomplishments and actions and have difficulty understanding why exactly they feel so

badly about themselves.

 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

Some of the most relevant causes of having low self-esteem includes;

unsupportive parents, or others that play an influential role in your life, friends who are

bad influences, stressful life events such as divorce or moving houses, trauma or

abuse, poor performance at school or unrealistic goals, mood disorders such as

depression, anxiety, bullying or loneliness and ongoing medical issues.

Self- Worth

Your self-esteem is a component of how you esteem yourself. To construct your

self-esteem you should initially find your qualities and after that make up your own

meaning of progress. Your qualities are simply what you esteem throughout everyday

life. You presumably definitely realize that society places extreme incentive on the

outward appearances of accomplishment, for example, cash, material belongings,

physical appearance, conjugal status, profession, etc. Conversely, little thought is ever

given to the loftier estimations of an individual, for example, love, uprightness,

graciousness, enthusiastic knowledge, pardoning and internal equalization, when

characterizing one's prosperity. This implies we have a distorted meaning of progress

dependent on outward appearances, which truly results in a twisted feeling of self-

esteem.

Find How You Value Yourself: You are probably going to locate that particular

outward appearances naturally trigger a need inside you to contrast yourself with

others, regardless of whether it is how much cash another person has or is making, how

physically appealing they are, their relationship status or what material belongings they
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

possess, etc. Burrow somewhat more profound and you will find that you have

accidentally put an undue incentive on these outward appearances and are utilizing

them to decide your own self-esteem. As it were, how much cash you have, how

alluring you are, etc, have turned into the deciding capacity of your self-esteem, and

ordinarily in disengagement of all your different characteristics and accomplishments.

Such explicit correlations abandon you incidentally feeling either better or more terrible

about yourself, contingent upon where you positioned yourself on society's size of

achievement.

The Relative Nature of Outward Appearances: Take a minute and make a

rundown of each one of those outward appearances that you have incidentally made

the measuring stick of your internal identity worth. Perceive how every one of these

things on your rundown really expect you to contrast yourself with others or to look for

outside endorsement so as to decide your self-esteem or "how well you are getting

along". At the end of the day, you can never truly check how much cash you have in the

event that you don't contrast it with another person's ledger, or how alluring you are on

the off chance that you don't contrast yourself with another person's looks. The

diversion in Daniel Gilbert's meaning of satisfaction (Harvard brain research educator

and the creator of Stumbling on Happiness) says everything: "Bliss is corresponding to

your compensation isolated by your brother by marriage pay."

The Changeability of Outward Appearances: Outward appearances are very

subject to change. A multi-mogul can wind up bankrupt medium-term and the poor
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

person can get himself a tycoon. There are no absolutes in outward appearances. The

issue with this is, on the off chance that you are utilizing such alterable things to

characterize your self-esteem, you are left going for a continually moving target on the

grounds that there will dependably be somebody more extravagant, progressively

appealing, more substantially effective than you. It very well may be no other path in the

physical universe of the relatives. (Kotsos, n.d.).

Senior High School

The Senior High School department consists of two grade levels namely Grade

11 and Grade 12. The new high school curriculum includes core classes and

specialization classes based on student choice of specialization. Students may choose

a specialization based on aptitude, interests, and school capacity. This includes

Humanities and Social Science (HUMSS), Science, Technology and Engeneering and

Mathematics (STEM), and Accountancy, Business Management (ABM) (“Senior High

School”, 2017).

Notre Dame of Marbel University

The Notre Dame of Marbel University (NDMU) is a sectarian institution situated in

the culturally pluralistic province of South Cotabato, in the island of Mindanao,

Philippines. It started as Notre Dame of Marbel (NDM), a secondary level educational

institution founded by the Oblates of Mary Immaculate (OMI) with the Religious of Virgin
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

Mary (RVM) Sisters in 1946. It is the first high school to open in South Cotabato and

Koronadal Valley.

Notre Dame of Marbel university has the vision to promote spiritual, moral and

academic formation to men and women who is competent and responsible. They are

inspired by St. Marcellin Champagnat in completing their vision for this institution. Also,

NDMU has the mission to let their students build character and to develop competence.

Thus leading them to a motto of “Character, competence and culture in harmony”.

Objectives of Notre Dame of Marbel University that are relevant to the purpose

of the study which revolves around character, competence and culture in harmony. First

is to uphold educational excellence and spiritual/moral formation. Then there is to train

competent individuals imbued with a sense of nationalism and social responsibility.

Lastly, students should develop innovative programs that contribute to the enhancement

of peace and development.

There are core values which NMDU wishes to attain. There are few which are

related and useful in formulating this research paper. One is the Marian wherein we set

our mission in attaining our goal. Then NDMU has the want for the value of Quality

education. It leads students “to learn, to know, to be competent, to live together and

most especially, to grow as persons.” Quality education is characterized as holistic

where students are progressively initiated into their life-long challenge of harmonizing

faith, culture and life.

 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

It provides educational programs, curriculum contents, and teaching

methods that meet the aspirations of students, parents and the community with regard

to subject choices, career possibilities and educational needs of the community. Then

there is Integrity of creation this promotes the mission of being stewards of God’s

creation which the earth is being taken care of.

Honor Students

Honors students tend to be more eager, exploratory, and experienced than their

non-honors counterparts. Honors students are expected to be highly motivated, self-

directed learners (Aydelotte, 1925; Austin, 1986; Cohen, 1966b). Long and Lange

(2002) use the term “strong academic focus” to describe them; Younger (2004) calls

them “exceptional.” This eagerness may also be expressed through high expectations

of themselves and their collegiate experience. Long and Lange’s (2002) study of 360

undergraduate students (142 honors and 214 non-honors) is one of the most

comprehensive studies to date on this subject. They note that the honors students in

their study were more likely than non-honors students to prepare for class, ask

questions in class, rewrite a paper, or discuss academic ideas with a professor outside

of class. Shushok’s (2002) study supports these results as well, more for males than

females and for minority students than non-minority students enrolled in honors.

Honors students also tend to be more experienced than their non-honors

counterparts. This is largely a function of their more extensive extra-curricular or co-

curricular activities. Long and Lange (2002) reported that the honors students in their
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

study were significantly more likely to work for pay on campus, participate in co-

curricular activities, and complete volunteer committee service, and they were less likely

to watch television, attend social parties, or exercise than non-honors students. Many

honors students start their collegiate studies with a well developed international

perspective, commitment to any number of causes, leadership aspirations, and/or a

strong public service orientation. These values have long been a part of honors

education (Cohen, 1966a) and are amply demonstrated in examples by Digby (2002). In

terms of exploration, and referring again to Long and Lange (2002), their honors

students were more likely to attend a guest lecture or participate in an art activity than

non-honors students. Astin (1993) also noted a greater disposition toward artistic

interests. (Achterberg, 2005)

 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

Chapter III
METHODOLOGY

This chapter includes the methods used and the research design, that includes

the locale of the study, the participants, research instruments, data collection procedure,

and data analysis technique.

Research Design

Descriptive qualitative research design was used in this study with is qualitative

study which seeks to understand deeply the participants situation (Wonburge, 2009) It

enter the world of the participants (Seegle, 2007) It focuses on the central aspects of a

situation (Grey, 2010) it also emphasizes the importance of personal and interpretation

perspective (Jane, 2011). This design and approach is then most appropriate in our

study.

Development NDMU SHS

of Self- Honor Student
Esteem

Figure 1. Literature Map

 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

Locale of the Study

This study focuses on Notre Dame of Marbel University which can found at

Alunan Avenue, City of Koronadal, South Cotabato.

Notre Dame of Marbel University (NDMU) is a sectarian institution situated in the

culturally pluralistic province of South Cotabato, in the island of Mindanao, Philippines. It

started as Notre Dame of Marbel (NDM), a secondary level educational institution was

founded by the Oblates of Mary Immaculate (OMI) with the Religious of Virgin Mary

(RVM) Sisters in 1946. It is the first high school to open in South Cotabato and

Koronadal Valley

South Cotabato

Koronadal

Notre Dame of Marbel University

Figure 2. Map of the Locale

 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

Participants of the Study

The participants of the study are the Senior High School students of NDMU.

They were selected based on a set of inclusion criteria or characteristics such as;

He/She must be a bonafied student of NDMU and must be in Senior High School,

He/She must be a grade 11 honor student, He/She must have the capacity to answer all

the questions, and he/she must be willing to participate in the study by giving consent to

be interviewed one-on-one.

Sampling Design

The sample will be chosen from the classes in the Senior High School department

specifically, grade 11 honor students. The participants will be picked randomly and they

must pass the criteria given. Thus, accuracy in getting information regarding the

students’ behavior was ensured (Polit et. al., 2001)

Data Sources

The sources of data in this study were from interviews conducted with the use of

interview schedule. The participants were allowed to speak in any language or dialect

so that they could express themselves when being interviewed. An interview is a

formal at which someone is asked questions in order to find out if they are suitable for a

job or a course of study. An interview schedule is basically a list containing a set of

structured questions that have been prepared, to serve as a guide for interviewers,

researchers and investigators in collecting information or data about a specific topic or

 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

issue. The schedule will be used by the interviewer, who will fill in the questions with the

answers received during the actual interview.

Data Collection

In gathering the data the researchers made a letter permission to conduct the

study signed by our adviser and principal of Notre Dame of Marbel University Senior

High School. The researchers conducted the interview guide in a form of face-to-face

with in-depth interview to for the participants, and if the gathered data reach the

saturation point the researchers will stop gathering the same information. The

participants are those who are willing and qualified for our research title. After

conducting the interview the researchers analyze and organize the gathered information

about the self-esteem of NDMU SHS students.

Data Analysis Technique

The researchers used data set analysis which a type of analysis that emphasizes

examining, pinpointing, and recording patterns or motif within data. Themes are patterns

across data sets that are important to the description of a phenomenon and are

associated to a specific research question to analyze the data that we gathered during

our research.

First we familiarize the data one-by-one by reading and analyzing it then second

we will use initial keywords we will identifying keywords in the data that are meaningful

to our research then we will be searching for a motif for our data by doing an

interpretative analysis for the data we gathered after that we will review our motif by
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

finding mistakes then we will be defining and name our motif of the data gathered and

then we will be producing our report by transcribing our data.

Ethical Protocol

We followed an interview protocol before conducting the interviews. Hence,

uninformed consent was sought from each participant of the study with a letter

containing the rights of the participants to accept or refuse to be interviewed. It also

expressed that their identity will be kept in private and all responses that will be used for

academic purpose only shall be treated with utmost confidentiality. A cover letter to

conduct the individual interviews was approved and signed by the research

teacher/adviser and principal of the Senior High School Department of NDMU was

attached.
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

Chapter IV

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This chapter presents the results gathered from the investigations done by the

researchers. Moreover, the collected data are discussed, compared and contrasted with

reviewed literature and studies and are analyzed to answer the research questions as

stated in Chapter 1.

Thematic Analysis

Table 1:

Research Question Significant Statement Formulated Themes

Self – Actualization
Believe in yourself. You have
What are the common to know kung ano ang kaya mo, Self – Concept
you have to know the things that
you can do and you have to
strategies of NDMU SHS Self – Understanding
identify your strengths and
weaknesses And the other
honor students in developing strategy is that you need to seek Socializing
help, you need to ask for
self-esteem? guidance from your friends,
family and to those people who Time Management
believe in you kasi sila yung mas
nakakakilala sa’yo. Seeking for Help and
Believe in yourself and you
have to know the things that you Guidance
can do and you have to identify
your strengths and weaknesses.
And the other strategy is that you
need to seek help, you need to
ask for guidance from your
friends, family and to those
people who believe in you.
-P1
Just know the people
surrounds you and know your
limits
Just know the people surround
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

you and know your limits.

-P2
Like acceptance, and knowing
yourself even more, like that.
Acceptance and knowing
yourself even more.
-P3
Time management siguro
dayun tama tama nga tulog kag
tama tama man nga study.
Time management and
enough study and sleep.
-P4
Be friends with the people I’m
okay with kay siyempre the more
I get close to other people the
more I am confident to act.
Be friends with the people I’m
comfortable with.
-P5
Makipaghalobilo sa iban.
Interacting with other people
-P6
Priority management kag time
management sa akon nga mga
requirements
Priority management and time
management in doing
requirements
-P8

Base on the analysis as shown in the table 1, the strategies oh honor student’s

include Self – Actualization, Self – Concept, Self – Understanding, Socializing, Time

Management, Seeking for Help and Guidance. According to Department of Psychology

(2017) Self-esteem, that is contingent on success and competence involves seeking

compensation from emotional support and acceptance. Kotsos,(n.d.) states that our

self-esteem is a component of how we esteem ourself. To construct our self-esteem we

should initially find our qualities and after that make up our own meaning of progress.

Our qualities are simply what we esteem throughout everyday life.

 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

Table 2:

Research Question Significant Statement Formulated Themes

I easily consider especially the Being Considerate
environment, the group of people
How do these strategies I easily consider the
environment, the group of
Interactive
people.
help them in developing self- -P1 Acceptance
Helps me in a way that I can gain
esteem? friends and I can burst out my Gain Confidence
problem to them.
I can gain friends and I can burst
out my problem to them. Became Responsible and
-P2
Very helpful siya, kasi if you Understanding
know your personality then, you
can nurture that personality and
can develop that in your own way
and to, aso learn to accept
yourself, nakaka-develop ka ng
confidence na magagamit mo in
your everyday life.
It help me in knowing my
personality and I can nurture this
personality and can develop it in
my own way, also I learn to
accept myself and it can develop
confidence.
-P3
Helpful siya kay kung ibutang mo
ko sa crowd ng mahambal ko
nga kaya ko nga makipag
interact with other people.
Helpful in a way that I can easily
blend and interact in the crowd
and with other people.
-P5
Maka gain sang confidence kung
mag kwan ka sa ano diba daw
hindi ka na mahuya
Helpful in gaining confidence
-P6
It helps me in a way that I can
talk to a lot of people.
It is helpful in a way that I can
talk to a lot of people.
-P7
Mas naging responsible ko, mas
naging critical thinker ako kag
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

mas dali ko lang ma-understand

ang isa ka bagay-bagay.
Helpful in a way that I became
more responsible, critical thinker
and I can easily understanding
things.
-P8

Base on the analysis as shown in the table 2 their strategies are helpful to them in a

way that they became considerate, more interactive, can easily accept and understand

things, they’ve gain confidence and they became responsible and understanding whorn

a situation is given. Aydelotte et al (n,d) states that honors students tend to be more

eager, exploratory, and experienced than their non-honors counterparts. Honors

students are expected to be highly motivated and self-directed learners. According to .

Mayo Clinic Staff (n.d) kids who have high self-esteem come to love themselves and

consider themselves commendable accomplices and able issue solvers. They build up

a solid parity of enjoying their identity, yet additionally perceiving that there are ways

they can proceed to develop and to create,

Table 3:

Research Question Significant Statement Formulated Themes

In our life there’s this point na Negative Thinking
If they have low self- maiisip talaga natin, ano bang
esteem, what could be the kuwenta natin sa mundo? Being Judge
Because of the people that are
causes? pulling us down Being Intimidated
When we think about our value
here on earth and also when
Unbelongingness/
people try to pull us down. Uncomfortable
-P1
Gina-down ta man aton sarili Being a Failure
kung kis-a kag kung kis-a ang
iban man mga tao ang ga-down
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

sa aton.
When we question our self and
sometimes other people
questions us to.
-P2
When people judge you and of
course as a person, we are very
sensitive enough when some
people do not accept you as who
you are.
When people judge you.
-P3
Ma-intimidate ko sa mga lain nga
honor student
Being intimidated with other
honor students.
-P4
Nang pag feeling ko hindi ko
belong sa amo sina kanang daw
hindi ko ma sure yung sarili ko
ba.
When we feel that we don’t
belong in the crowd and we are
doubting ourselves.
-P5
Kung hindi mo ma meet ang
expectation sang isa ka tao.
Not being able to meet the other
peoples expectation
-P6
This situation that I need to
answer something and I forgot to
answer so yes, I lose my self-
esteem
When we are about to answer
but has forgotten the answer.
-P7

Base on the analysis as shown in the table 3 they lose their self-esteem or

when their self- esteem became low when they experience or when they loses

confidence about themselves such as being negative thinker, scared of being judge,

being intimidated, the feeling of unbelongingness or being uncomfortable with the

situation and lastly scared of being a failure. Accordint to Firestone (n,d) low self-
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

esteem is characterized by a lack of confidence and feeling badly about oneself.

People with low self-esteem often feel unlovable, awkward, or incompetent. Some of

the most relevant causes of having low self-esteem includes; unsupportive parents, or

others that play an influential role in your life, friends who are bad influences, stressful

life events such as divorce or moving houses, trauma or abuse, poor performance at

school or unrealistic goals, mood disorders such as depression, anxiety, bullying or

loneliness and ongoing medical issues.

Chapter V
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter contains a brief restatement of the components of the study, a

statement of the findings gathered from the investigation, a conclusion of the insights

drawn from the findings, and the recommendations to be given after concluding the

insights.

Summary

The purpose of this study is to identify the strategies of NDMU SHS honor

students in developing self-esteem through these study’s key points; strategies of

students; effectiveness of the strategies; and the reasons of having low self-esteem of

students.

The gathering of data was done through interviews from eight participants since

this is a qualitative research. The data sources are the senior high school honor

students of NDMU and analysis was done through coding and comparing and

contrasting.

From the data gathered from the interview, the following statements were brought into

a saturation point; self-awareness is what helps them to develop their self-esteem; they

were able to have a good relationship with other people; and other peoples’

expectations is what causes them to lose or have low self- esteem.

Findings
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

Based on the results gathered from the investigation, the following findings were

obtained:

1.)The self-awareness is what helps them developing their self-esteem.

2.)The students were able to have a good relationship with other people.

3.)The other peoples’ expectations is what causes them to lose or to have low self-

esteem.

Looking at the qualitative descriptions of the participants in terms of developing

self-esteem, the strategies are effective in attaining the desired level of confidence of

the students; self-awareness; and bringing back the loss confidence. This denotes that

the strategies had successfully helped the senior high school honor students of Notre

Dame of Marbel University in developing self-esteem.

Conclusion

Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions were drawn:

The self-esteem of the students were developed by their own strategies. The way

they identify their capacity, strengths and weaknesses helped them to know and

acknowledge one self.

The strategies of honor students helped them in a way that they were able to

connect with other people and have a good relationship with them. It helped them to
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

develop and nurture their personality and thought them to be considerate and accept

and respect other peoples’ opinions.

The honor students tend to lose their self-esteem when they were not able to

reach the expectations and standards of other people. Also, their are times that they

question their value and they were intimidated by the potentials of other people.

Recommendations

With the above mentioned conclusion, the researchers hereby recommend the

following:

1.)The self-awareness of honor students should be a way for them not to be confused.

2.)The honor students should maintain good relationship with other people.

3.)The other peoples’ expectations should not be the basis of the students’ capacity.

ABSTRACT
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

The purpose of this study is to identify the strategies of NDMU SHS students in

developing self-esteem through this study’s key points; strategies of students; efficacy

of the strategies; and the reasons of having low self-esteem of students. The gathering

of data was done through interviews from seven participants since this is a qualitative

research. The data sources are the senior high school students of NDMU and analysis

was done through coding and comparing and contrasting. From the data gathered from

the interview, the following statements were brought into a saturation point; self-

awareness is what helps them to develop their self-esteem; they were able to have a

good relationship with other people; and other people’s expectations causes them to

lose low-esteem. In conclusion, we can say that the honor students tend to know

themselves. They recognize their own ability and capacity as well as their strengths and

weaknesses. It helped them in motivating themselves to interact with other people as

well as cope up with their loss confidence, given by some instances such as not being

able to reach someone’s expectations.

 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to express their gratitude and appreciation to those

people who extended their valuable assistance, understanding and support to make this

study possible and successful.

Their very patient and understanding Practical Research Teacher, Ms. Juliet C.

Arellano, for her helpful and valuable suggestions that motivated and encouraged the

researcher to finish this paper.

To the eight participating Grade 11 Honor Students of NDMU SHS Department,

who unselfishly and willingly accept the interview and answered the question precisely.