Circuit diagram of inverter (Using Pulse Generator)
The circuit diagram of three phase inverter given below. The circuit consists of six switching
devices like MOSFET
Figure 3.1 Circuit diagram of three phase inverter (using pulse generator)
3.6 Phase to neutral voltage (1800 mode)
Mode 1 Operation
0 t
3
Figure 3.2 Parallel circuit mode
R 3R
Req = R+ = (3.1)
2 2
3(100 Ω)
Req= =150 Ω
2
2Vs 2(12 v)
i1 = = =0.12 Amp. (3.2)
3R 3 (100)
Vs 12
Van = Vcn = =¿ =4 V (3.3)
3 3
−2Vs −2(12)
Vbn = = = 8V (3.4)
3 3
π 2π
Mode 2 Operation ( ≤ wt ≤ )
3 3
Figure 3.3 Parallel circuit mode (2)
R 3R
Req = R+ = (3.5)
2 2
3 ( 33 Ω)
Req = ¿ =49.5 Ω
2
2Vs 2(12)
i1 = = = 0.24 Amp. (3.6)
3R 3(33)
Vs 12
Vbn = Vcn = = = 4V (3.7)
3 3
2Vs 12
Van = = 2 =8V (3.8)
3 3
−Vs −12
Vbn = Vcn = = = -4 V
3 3
4.1 Single Phase Converter
This is the output wave form of single-phase bridge converter. The wave form shows that the
output is not pure dc therefore there are some ripples in this output
Volt
Time (Sec)
Figure 4.9 Output waveform of full wave converter
Performance parameters
Vdc=(2 Vm)/ R (4.9)
2Vm
Idc = (4.10)
πR
Vrms = 0.707Vm (4.11)
PIV= Vm (4.12)
Efficiency = output/input (4.13)
The output waveform of single-phase bridge converter is given below. By using the filter, we
obtain the pure dc output
Time (Sec)
Figure 4.10 Output wave form of full bridge inverter
4.2 Conduction mode of inverter
Let we generate 50 Hz:
f=50 Hz
Total Time period=1/50 =0.02sec
Used transistors=6
For each transistor time period =0.02/6 =3.33ms
Table 4.1: Conduction mode of inverter
Transistor Conduction angel Time delay (sec)
T1 00 0.01m
T2 600 3.33m
T3 1200 6.66m
T4 1800 9.99m
T5 2400 13.25m
T6 3000 16.65m
According to this table there are six transistors that used to convert dc supply into three phase Ac
supply.
4.3 Output waveform of inverter (Using Pulse Generator)
Each transistor conducts for a period of 1800. Three of the transistors remain on at any instant of
time. When T1is switched on, terminal a is connected to positive terminal of DC input voltage.
When T2- is switched on, terminal is brought to negative terminal of dc input. There are six
modes of operation in a cycle and duration of each mode is 600.
The load can be connected in either star or delta. Switches of any leg of the inverter cannot be
switched on at the same time since this would result in a short circuit across the dc link voltage
supply. Similarly, to avoid undefined states and thus undefined ac output line voltage, the
switches of any leg of the inverter may not be switched off simultaneously since this can result in
voltages that depend on respective line current polarity.
The output of a three-phase inverter is given below
Volt
Time (Sec)
Figure 4.11 Three phase inverter output (using pulse generator)
4.4 Output waveform of inverter (Using Microcontroller)
The output of a three-phase inverter is given below.
Volt
Time (Sec)
Figure 4.12 Three phase inverter output using Arduino
4.5 Derivation of Line-To-Line Voltage
For 00-600
g1, g5, g6 on
g1, g5= Vac=0
Vca =0
g1, g6= Vab =Vs
g5, g6= Vcb = Vs
Vbc = -Vs
So, result is that Vab = Vs, Vbc = -Vs, Vca =0
For 600-1200
g1, g2, g6 on
g1, g2 = Vca = -Vs
g1, g6 = Vab = Vs
g2, g6 = Vbc = 0
So, result is that Vab = Vs, Vbc = 0, Vca = -Vs
For 1200-1800
g1, g2, g3 on
g1, g2 =Vca = -Vs
g2, g3 = Vbc = Vs
g1, g3 = 0 = Vab
So, result is that Vab = 0, Vbc = Vs, Vca = - Vs
For 1800-2400
g2, g3, g4 on
g2, g3 = Vbc = Vs
g2, g4 = Vca = 0
g3, g4 = Vab = -Vs
So, result is that Vab = -Vs, Vbc = Vs, Vca = 0
For 2400-3000
g3, g4, g5 on
g3, g4 = Vab = -Vs
g4, g5 = Vca = Vs
g3, g5 = Vbc = 0
So, result is that Vab = -Vs, Vbc = 0, Vca = Vs
For 3000-3600
g4, g5, g6 on
g4, g5 = Vca = Vs
g5, g6 = Vbc = -Vs
g4, g6=0
So, result is that Vab = 0, Vbc = -Vs, Vca = Vs
4.6 States of Inverter
Transistor’s Conduction Voltage (Vab) Voltage (Vbc) Voltage (Vca)
state state
g1, g5, g6 on 00-600 Vab = Vs Vbc = 0 Vca = -Vs
g1, g2, g6 on 600-1200 Vab = Vs Vbc = 0 Vca = -Vs
g2, g3, g 4 on 1200-1800 Vab = 0 Vbc = Vs Vca = - Vs
g2, g3, g 4 on 1800-2400 Vab = -Vs Vbc = Vs, Vca = 0
g3, g4, g5 on 2400-3000 Vab = -Vs Vbc = 0 Vca = Vs
g4, g5, g6 on 3000-3600 Vab = 0 Vbc = -Vs Vca = Vs
Table 4.2: Three phase inverter conduction
