SW 2 PHILIPPINE SOCIAL REALITIES AND SOCIAL WELFARE
CHAPTER 1
Social Welfare
- it covers practically everything that men do for the good of society.
Definitions of social welfare:
-Gertrude Wilson-characterizes social welfrae as an organized concern of all people
for all people
Organized concern of all people for all people
-Walter Friedlander- defines social welfare as “the organized system of social
services and institutions, designed to aid individuals and groups to attain satisfying
standards of life and health
-Elizabeth Wickenden- Social Welfare includes those laws, programs, benefits and
services which assure or strengthen provisions for meeting social needs recognized
as basic to the well-being of the population and the better functioning of the social
order. These provisions may be directed toward strengthening existing
arrangements; mitigating the hardships or handicaps of particular individuals and
groups; pioneering new services; stimulting a better adaptation of the social
structure including the creation of new programs as needed; or a combination of all
these approaches to social needs.
- Pre-Conference Working Committee for the XVth International Conference on
Social Welfare-defines social welfare as all the organized social arrangements which
have as their direct and primary objective the well-being of people in a social
context. It includes the broad range of policies and services which are concerned
with various aspects of people’s lives-their income, security, health, housing,
education, recreation, cultural traditions.
One idea of social welfare is…
It encompasses the well-being of all the members of human society, including their
physical, mental, emotional, social, economic and spiritual well-being.
What society has done and continues to do, to respond to the various needs of its
members.
Society responds to unmet needs or problems through the following ways:
1. Individual and group efforts-systematic and voluntary efforts undertaken by
individuals and /or groups in response to the unmet needs of people in a community
2. Major societal institutions which have their designated roles and responsibilities
for meeting human needs-the family, the church, the government, cooperatives and
labor unions are major institutions. Social forces bring about changes which can
affect the effectiveness of these institutions in performing their social welfare
function. Institution-building should therefore be a serious continuing effort because
of its crucial implications for the welfare of human society.
3. Social agency-whether under public or private auspices, a social agency is a major
provision for helping people with their problems. It is an integral part of a
community’s institutionalized network of services for its members. The professional
social worker in the Philippines is usually employed by a social agency.
There are two (2) views or conceptions of social welfare:
Residual and Institutional
Residual formulation conceives of the social welfare structure as temporary, offered
during emergency situations and withdrawn when the regular social system-the
family and the economic system-is again working properly. Social welfare activities
of this kind, because of their residual substitute characteristic, often carry stigma of
“doles”, or “charity”.
Institutional formulation, in contrast sees social welfare as a proper, legitimate
function, in contrast, sees social welfare as a proper, legitimate function of modern
society. That some individuals are not able to meet all their needs is considered a
“normal” condition, and helping agencies are acceoted as “regular” social
institutions, our own Philippine constitution (1987) reflects the institutional view in
the following words:
That the state shall promote a just and dynamic social order that will ensure the
prosperity and independence of the nation and free the people from poverty
through policies that provide adequate social services, promote full employment, a
rising standaard of living, and an improved quality of life for all.
Social welfare programs usually fall under the following categories:
1. Social security-this refers to the whole set of compulsory measures instituted to
protect the individual and his family against the consequences of an unavoidable
interruption or serious diminution of the earned income disposable for the
maintenance of a reasonable standard of living.
2. Personal social service-these refer to service functions whic have major bearing
upon personal problems, individual situations of stress, interpersonal helping or
helping people in need, and the provision of direct services in collaboration with
workers from government and voluntary agencies.
3. Public assistance-this refers to material/concrete aids/supports provided, usually
by government agencies, to people who have no income or means of support for
themselves and their families for reasons such as loss of employment, natural
disasters.
Social services
-it refers to the programs, services and other activities provided under various
auspices, to concretely answer the needs and problems of the members of society.
-these social services may take form of services to individuals and families, services
to groups, services to people with special problems (the handicapped, the mentally
retarded) as well as community services.
-concern for the well-being of the society through actual social services
-there is a need for social services as at all times, everywhere, there are people who
have needs and problems beyond their own capacity for solution
-many problems people face is due to the rapid social change including the adverse
effects of urbanization and industrialization
-reasons for providing social services:
1. Humanitarian and Social Justice Goals
-this goal is rooted in the democratic ideal od social justice, and is based on the
belief that man has the potential to realize himself, except that physical, social,
economic, psychological, and other factors sometimes hinder or prevent him from
realizing his potentials.
2. Social Control
-this goal is based on the recognition that needy, deprived, or disadvantaged groups
may strike out, individually and or collectively, against what they consider to be
alienating or offecding society.
3. Economic Development Goal
The economic development goal places priority on those programs designed to
support increases in the production of goods and services, and other resources that
will contribute to economic development.
Social Work
-Focuses on problem-solving and change
-Refering to acts of charity and philantrophy
-it is the profession which is concerned with man’s adjustment to his environment; a
person or groups in relation to a person’s social situation. This is referred to a
person’s social functioning which results from the performance of his various social
roles in society. E.g.son, father, husband, employer, patient, committee chairperson,
citizen. Some people have difficulties in the performance of any or several even all of
their social roles, and therefore have inadequate or ineffective social functioning.
Social functioning problems are caused by the following:
1. Personal inadequacies or sometimes pathologies which may make it difficult for
man to cope with the demands of his environment
-personal inadequacies may be due to physiological factors like poor physical
condition, wrong attitudes and values, poor or unrealistic perception of reality,
ignorance, and lack of skills
2. Situational inadequacies and other conditions which are beuond man;s coping
capacities
- it referes to lack of resources and opportunities in society, the existence of
resources or opportunities in society, tvhe existence of resources or opportunities
which however are beyond the reach or coping capacities of people (such as the
availability of employment,but only for highly skilles or trained workers) and the
existence of an unjust or exploitive situation such as in the workplace, or in the
community.
3. Both personal and situational inadequacies
CHAPTER 2
The development of Social Welfare in the Philippines
Pre-historic period
-pre-historic filipinos lived in small scattered communities usually located along
mouths of rivers and coastal plains
-these communities are called “barangay”
-social welfare work in those times centered around mutual protection and
economic survival.
The Spanish period
-Pious encomenderos provided aid to indigents together with other residents who
responded to the sick and the poor. To do good to others and for the Salvation of
soul was the motive of helping and that which became the philosophy behind social
welfare activities in the country.
Hospitals
- the first hospital in the country was founded by Don Miguel Lopez de Legazpi in
Cebu in 1565.
its purpose was to attend to the wounded and the victims of diseases due to
long voyage.
It was transferred to Manila in 1571 and called Hospitalito de Santa Ana in 1578
under the supervision of the Franciscans
When the americans arrived it was renamed Strenberg General Hospital (San
Lazaro Hospital founded in 1578 and San Juan De Dios Hospital founded 1596
are both reported to have originated from this hospital)
- other hospitals founded:
San Gabriel 1587
Hospital Real 1612
Nueva Caceres in Naga 1645
Hospital for Convalescents in Bagumbayan 1742
-San Lazaro Hospital stood out.
It became hospital for lepers in 1631
-other hospitals weref ounded due to large numbers of people needing medical
treatment
Hospicio de San Jose
Hospital de Santiago in Manila
Hospital de Aguas Santas in Los Banos Laguna in 1602
Hospital of the Sangleys for the chinese in 1603
Hospital de Zamboanga in 1742
The lepers hospital in Cebu in 1850
The Sta. Cruz Infirmary in Laguna for convalescent missionaries in 1870
Lepers hospital in Naga in 1873
Schools
Parochiaal School of Cebu 1565-the first school established by the spaniards,
founded by the Augustinians friars
Schools for boys
Colegio de San Ignacio 1589
San Ildefonso College 1595
Colegio de San Jose 1601
Colegio de San Felipe 1717
Artillery School 1754
Ateneo de Manila 1859 was opened by the Jesuits
Schools for girls
Santa Isabel 1694
Santa Rosa 1750
Sta. Catalina 1696
-after 1850’s public schools were opened in the country. In 1867 there were 593
primary schools with a total enrollment of 138,990.
The American period
-the americans occupied the country in 1899 and introduced new educational
system, health methods and religious freedom
-in 1902 following the epidemic of bubonic plague, cholera and smallpox, the civil
government created and agency called Insular board to coordinate and supervise
private institutions engaged in welfare work.
-the insular board also provided subsidy to expand the services of certain hospitals
and asylums which were under its supervision, like the women’s hospital of manila,
hospicio de san jose, st. Vincent de paul. St.paul’s hospital, and san juan de dios
hospital.
-the PGH was established in 1908 followed by the university hospital under the
auspices of the protestant episcopal services of america, and mary johnston hospital
under the auspices of the methodist church
-On february 5,1915, the american government created the public welfare board
with the passage of legislative act no.2510 essentially to coordinate the welfare
activities of various existing charitable organizations.
-in january 1917 a government orphanage was set up in Makati, Rizal-the first
government entity to operate welfare agency and an initial step in child welfare
services.
-1900 attemots to alleviate the condition of children at the philippine normal school
-1910, a school for the deaf and blind was organized
-1917, the associated charities of manila was founded by a group of civic-spirited
americans and filipinos
-1919-1921-Associated Charities was used with the American Red Cross (Philippine
chapter), but the arrangement caused administrative problems and had to be given
up
Private civis organizations:
-1905-Philippine chapter of the americal=n red cross was established to take charge
of the disaster relief in the country and to administer american red cross funds from
the USA.
-1921-1923-philippine chapter established health centers in provinces and dental
clinics in schools
-1907-La Gota de Leche was established to furnish child-caring institutions with fresh
cow’s milk from a dairy farm in Pasay, Manila supervised by a veterenarian. This later
on became free consultation clinic for mothers
-1910-Philippine Anto-Tuberculosis Society was organized. Its aim is to encourage
research and data collection on tubercolosis and to combat the spread of the
disease. In 1911 a Tubercolosis sanitarium was opened in Santol, QC.
-1913
CHAPTER 2
The Development of Social Welfare in the Philippines
Based from Prof. Thelma Lee Mendoza’s Orange Book
Summarized by: Prof Emmanuel Ryan P. Francisco,RN,LPT,RSW
A.
THE PRE-HISTORIC PERIOD ( MUTUAL PROTECTION & ECONOMIC
SURVIVAL)
Filipinos lived in barangays, small scattered communities often ruled by a
datu, usuallylocated along mouths of rivers and coastal plainsSocial Welfare
work in those times centered on mutual protection and economic survival
B.
THE SPANISH PERIOD
Religious motive; to do good to other for the salvation of their souls - for many
yearswas the underlying philosophy behind all social welfare activities in the
country
HOSPITALS
Spanish missionaries also administered hospitals and orphanages
First hospital was founded by Don Miguel Lopez de Legaspi in Cebu in 1565.
It wastransferred to Manila in 1571 and called the Hospitalito de Santa Ana in
1578 underthe supervision of the Franciscans. It was renamed Sternberg
General Hospitalwhen the Americans arrive.San Lazaro Hospital (1578) and
San Juan de Dios Hospital (1596) are reported tohave originated from this
hospital
Other hospitals: San Gabriel (1587); Hospital Real (1612); Nueva Caceres
in Naga(1645); and the Hospital for Convalescents in Bagumbayan (1742)
San Lazaro hospital stood out and was known to have been built to house
Filipinobeggars; it became hospital for the lepers in 1631
ASYLUMS AND ORPHANAGES
Among these institutions were the ff.: La Real Casa Misericordia (1594),
Venerable ThirdOrder of Sampaloc (1611), Archicofradia de Nuestro Padre
Jesus Nazareno deRecoletos (1655)
SCHOOLS
The first school established was the Parochial School of Cebu in 1565
founded bythe Augustinians friars
Other schools: For boys: Colegio de San Ignacio (1589)
THE AMERICAN PERIOD
Americans introduced a new educational system, new health methods, and
religiousfreedomIn 1902, following an epidemic of bubonic plague, cholera,
and smallpox, InsularBoard was created to coordinate and supervise private
institutions engaged in welfare work
In 1908, the Philippine General Hospital was established followed by the
UniversityHospital and the Mary Johnson HospitalOn February 5, 1915, Public
Welfare Board was created with the passage of LegislativeAct No. 2510
essentially to coordinate the welfare activities of various existing
organizationsIn 1917, the Associated Charities of Manila was founded by
a group of civic-spiritedAmericans and Filipinos, having in mind the concept of
a Community Chest, as it is nowcalled. The initial idea was to centralize the
receipt and distribution of donations to diff.charitable organizations which later
expanded to include the provision of material relief andemployment to the
deserving.Between 1919 and 1921, the Associated Charities was fused with
the American RedCross, but the arrangement caused administrative problems
and had to be given up.In 1905, the Philippine chapter of the American Red
Cross was established to takecharge of disaster relief in the country and
administer funds from the United States.In 1907, the La Gota de Leche was
established to furnish child-caring institutions with
fresh cow’s milk
In 1910, the Philippine Anti-Tuberculosis Society was organized, following the
firstmeeting of the Far Eastern Association of Tropical Medicine in Manila.In
1913, the Associacion de Damas Filipinas was organized by civic-spirited
women tohelp destitute mothers and their childrenIn 1921, the Office of the
Public Welfare Commissioner was created under thesupervision of the
Department of Interior absorbing the functions of the Public Welfare
Board.This new office intensified educational campaigns particularly along
maternal and childhealth, engaged in studies to find out the causes of
high infant mortality, establishedpuericulture centers and maternity houses,
supervised private charitable organizations andconducted conferences and
institutions.In 1922, the Office of the Public Welfare Commissioner prepared
solicitation forms,which required the public to demand of any person
appealing for donations to charities, toprotect the public and organizations
from unscrupulous persons of collecting funds. It washowever not legally
sanctioned until 1933In 1924, the Associated Charities had become an
independent agency under thesupervision of the Public Welfare
Commissioner. In the same year the Philippine LegislativeAct No. 3203 was
passed relating to the care and custody of neglected and delinquentchildren
and providing probation officers for them.The administration of social welfare
in the Philippines was marked by significantdevelopments when
Frank Murphy
became Governor-General in 1933.
Scholarship grants for professional training in social work in the United States
weremade available
The legislature appropriated funds for the operations of government child
andmaternal health centers
Social health centers (institutions with combined health and social services)
wereestablished in selected communities where health and socio-economic
conditionswere highly unsatisfactory.
Governor Murphy created the first housing committee which undertook a
study ofslums in Manila, resulting in an experimental housing project
He also encouraged the establishment of private colleges and technical
schools
He had the National Economic Protectionism Association (NEPA) organized
topromote home industries
He created the
National Research Council
, the
Unemployment Committee
which inturn recommended the creation of a
National Emergency Relief Board
to coordinateall private and government efforts to reduce unemployment and
relieve distresscaused by unavoidable unemployment. Later, this Board
extended its services toinclude relied to typhoon victims.
He also supported the women suffrage campaign, signing a law enacted by
thePhilippine Legislature enfranchising women in 19333
The economic depression in the 1930s created serious economic problems.
TheAssociated Charities was unable to cope with the number of applicants for
relief andother social services despite appropriations made by the Office of
the Public Welfare.The organization received a boost when Frank Murphy
approved a largeappropriation to the Associated Charities, designating it
as the Insular Relief Agencyto provide material assistance to the needy,
elementary education and handicraftstraining to those who would otherwise
be out of school, and training in social work.These things were done with the
help of
Josefa Jara Martinez
who had obtained adiploma in social work from the New York School of
Social Work in 1921.
The Murphy Administration’s social welfare programs marked the first time the
government assumed full responsibility for the relief of the distressed due to
any cause
THE COMMONWEALTH PERIOD
In the fields of health and welfare, programs were expanded and improved,
and newservices were organized, such as rural charity clinics, a quarantine
service, and home ahome for mentally defective children as well as for the
aged and the infirm in the WelfarevillePresident Manuel L. Quezon,
working for social justice prevailed upon the NationalAssembly to pass the
anti-usury laws, the eight-hour labor law, laws fixing minimum wages,laws
related to insurance, pensions, and women and child labor. He also initiated
housingprojects, making it possible for easy instalment plans. He created
relief boards and otherbodies to undertake relief activities during periods
of natural calamities, economic crisis, andunemploymentIn 1940, the Office
of the Commissioner of Health and Public Welfare was abolishedand replaced
by Department of Health and Public Welfare. In 1941, an
Executive Orderestablished under the Bureau of Public Welfare a Public
Assistance Service which took overthe activities that used to be performed by
the Associated Charities.
THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION
Social Welfare activities during the period consisted mainly of giving medical
care andtreatment, as well as food and clothing, to the wounded soldiers,
prisoners, and civilians.The Bureau of Public Welfare, after being closed when
the war broke out, was reorganizedby the Executive Commission to attend to
the general welfare of residents, and to give foodand comfort to released
prisoners. In 1943, when food shortage became acute in Manila,the Bureau
had to cease operationsRelief work during the occupation was undertaken
primarily by volunteer organizations such
as Philippine Red Cross, the Young Women’s Christian Association
, and the National
Federation of Women’s Leagues
.Se
veral hospitals such as the Philippine General Hospital, the St. Luke’s
Hospital, the Mary
Johnston Hospital, and the North General Hospital continued to provide
medical treatment,food and shelter.After the Liberation, relief work continued
to play an important role
THE POST-WAR YEARS
The Bureau of Public Welfare re-opened in 1946, but lack of funds greatly
limited itsoperations.On October 4, 1947, the Bureau became the Social
Welfare Commission and was placedunder the Office of the President for a
more centralized and better integrated social welfareprogram which signified
formal recognition of social welfare as responsibility by the state.Three (3)
categories of services of Social Welfare Commission:
Child welfare work including probation and parole services and institutional
care forvarious groups
Public assistance in the form of relief and casework services to indigent war
victimsand the physically handicapped and infirm
Coordination and supervision of all public welfare activitiesThe War Relief
Office was placed under the control of the Social Welfare Commission.
In August 1948, President Quirino created the President’s Action Committee
on SocialAmelioration (PACSA) which was charged with the “duty of giving
relied assistance to the
hungry, t
he homeless, the sick... to victims of dissident depredation and violation.”
The United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF)
created by the United
Nations General Assembly in 1946 to further maternal and child health in
economicallyunderdeveloped countries, became active in the Philippines after
1948.
THE SOCIAL WELFARE ADMNISTRATION
On January 3, 1951
, the Social Welfare Commission and the President’s Action on Social
Amelioration were fused into one agency called the Social Welfare
Administration.
With the establishment of the Social Welfare Administration, the responsibility
for relief was
placed under the new agency’s Division of Public Assistance. This office had
two programs:
Assistance
–
general assistance to dependent minors, the aged and thehandicapped, and
special assistance to clients with needs and problems of atemporary nature
like the unemployed.
Service
–
rendered in the form of rehabilitation services for employable disabled,
thephysically and mentally handicapped, as well as the occupationally
maladjustedChild Welfare Division
–
another important arm of Social Welfare Administration; servicesincluded
casework and guidance services for children who remained at home ,
supervisionof all child-caring institution in the country, and other services.The
Division of Rural Welfare in the Social Welfare Administration was created
byAdministrative Order No. 7, on September 5, 1951, to deal with mounting
social problems in
the rural areas. “Self
-
help” became the underlying philosophy for the rural communitydevelopment
projects facilitated or stimulated by the SWA’s Rural Welfare Division.
Republic Act No. 4373
–
(“An act to regulate the practice of social work and the op
erational
of social work agencies in the Philippines”);
an important development in the mid-sixties(1965)Generally considered as
the formal recognition of social work as a profession
THE SEVENTIES
-
Pres. Marcos declared martial law and set up a CRISIS government on
September21,1972-
UN called on member nations to focus on developmental efforts aimed at
improvingthe quality of life of the majority of the population suffering from
poverty and itsaccompanying problems.-
(September 8,1976) the Department of Social Welfare became the
Department ofSocial Services and Development shifting emphasis from
institution-based socialwelfare to community-oriented programs and services.-
Programs and services during the 70’s:
a.
Self-Employment Assistanceb.
Practical Skills Development and Job Placementc.
Day Care Centersd.
Supplemental feedinge.
Emergency Assistancef.
Family Planning Information and motivationg.
Special Services for Orphaned, Abandoned, Neglected, Disabled, and
othertypes of special needs.-
Services were delivered
through “ BARANGANIC APPROACH”
-
( June 2,1978) PD 1397 changes the department ( DSWD) was renamed as
Ministry ofSocial Services and Development-
Council of Welfare Agencies of the Philippines and the Community Chest of
GreaterManila were organized
-
The Council of Welfare Agencies was established to:a.
Study and define social welfare problems and human needsb.
To develop a coordinated plan of action to meet these needsc.
To help improve the standards of social servicesd.
To serve as the national committee for the International Conference on
SocialWelfare
THE EIGHTIES
-
Significant Achievements of MSSD during this period:
a.
Launching of the case management system, which involves the use of
MSSD’s
internal and external resources employing the TOTAL FAMILY APPROACH
with set ofsocial welfare indicators (SWI). The latter monitors the level of well-
being of MSSD’s
service users, that is, their progress from survival to subsistence and finally,
self-sufficiency
b.
Primary Health Care related activities were integrated into MS
SD’s services on thebarangay level in support of the Ministry on Health’s
program
c.
Greater cooperation and coordination among non-government organization in
response to MSSD’s technical assistance; consultation, planning and
monitoring
workshops with these NGOs.
d.
Increased participations of Local Governments in social welfare activities
e.
Coordination with NGOs was intensified as a result of its partnership with
138licensed/ accredited NGOs.
f.
Family planning Motivation was integrated into the MSSD’s skills/emp
loyement-related programs; population and sex education and pre-marital
counseling wereprovided to thousands of youth.
g.
Through a strong tie-up with NGOs, local government units and civic-
mindedindividuals. 10,000 Day Care Centers, neighborhood feeding centers,
and food-for-growth centers were established, mainly for disadvantaged
children between 0-6years old.
h.
Priority attention was given to the development of disadvantaged youth
throughthe Integrated Human Resources Development Programs.
-
January 30,1987 President Aquino reorganized MSSD through EO 123 and
renamed itDepartment of Social Welfare and Development.-
EO 123 probided the creation of the Bureau of Women’s welfare
THE NINETIES/EARLY 2008
-
DSWD gave priority to Low Income Municipalities (LIM) and other socially-
depressedbarangays.-
DSWD was greatly involved in disaster management during and after the
eruption ofMT. Pinatubo-
RA 7160 also known as Local Government Code was enacted
NON-GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS (NGOs)
Definition
Private, non-profit, voluntary organizations that are committed to the task
ofsocioeconomic development and established primarily for service. (NEDA)
Classified accdg. To their levels of operations:
P
rimary NGOs (also called people’s organizations and self
-help groups),
Secondary/Intermediate NGOs
–
agencies composed of different professionproviding services to the
beneficiaries (e.g., the Catholic Charities and thePhilippine Rural
Reconstruction Movement)
Tertiary NGOs
–
network of NGOs established for mutual assistance or for specialpurposes
(e.g. the National Council on Social Development Foundation)
A generic, all-encompassing term of not-for-profit groups, civic organizations,
community groups, people’s organizations, social development agencies,
foundations, and charitable institutions
In February 1999, the country’s NGO networks launched the Philippine
Council for NGO
Certification (PCNC)
R.A. 4373 (The Social Work Law, 1965) provides that “no social work agency
shall operate
and be accredited unless it shall first have registered
with the Social Welfare administration”
OTHER SOCIAL WELFARE POLICIES AND PROGRAMSSELECTED
SOCIAL LEGISLATIONA. Children
P.D. 603(June 10, 1975)
“
The Child and Youth Welfare Code
”
The Code defines “child” and “youth” and their rights and
entitlements including services that should be provided for theirwholesome
developmentR.A. 6972(Sept. 14, 1990)
“
Barangay-Level Total Development and Protection of Children Act
”
An act establishing a Day-Care center in every barangayR.A. 7610(Feb. 7,
1992)
“Special Protection of Children Against Child Abuse, Exploitationand
Discrimination Act”
An act providing for stronger deterrence and special protectionagainst child
abuse, exploitation and discrimination, providingpenalties for its violationR.A.
7658(Nov. 9, 1993)An act prohibiting the employment of children below 15
years ofage in public and private undertakingsR.A. 8043(June 2, 1995)
“Inter
-
Country Adoption Act of 1995”
An act establishing the rules to govern inter-country adoption ofFilipino
childrenR.A. 8044(June 2, 1995)
“Youth in Nation
-
Building Act”
An act creating he National Youth Commission, establishing anational
comprehensive program on youth developmentE.O. 340(Jan. 22,
1997)Executive Order directing national government agencies
andgovernment-owned and controlled corporations to provide daycare
services for their employee
s’ children under five(5) years of age
R.A. 8552(Feb. 25, 1998)
“Domestic Adoption Act of 1998”
An act establishing the rules and policies on the domestic adoptionof Filipino
childrenR.A. 8980(Dec. 5, 2000)
“The Early Childhood Care and Development Act”
An act promulgating a comprehensive policy and a national systemfor early
childhood care and developmentR.A. 9231(Oct. 14, 2003 &Oct. 13, 2003)An
act providing for the elimination of the worst forms of child laborand affording
stronger protection for the working child, amendingfor this purpose R.A. 7610,
as amended, otherwise known as the
“Special Protection of Children Against Child Abuse, Exploitation,and
Discrimination Act”
R.A. 9255(Jan. 21, 2004 &Feb. 4, 2004)An act allowing illegitimate children
to use the surname of theirfather, amending for the purpose Art. 176 of
Executive Order No. 209
(“Family Code of the Philippines”)
R.A. 9344(Mar. 22, 2006)
“Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act of 2006”
An act establishing a comprehensive juvenile and welfare system,creating
the Juvenile Justice and Welfare Council under theDepartment of Justice
B. Women
R.A. 6525(April 27, 1989)An act strengthening the prohibition
on discrimination againstwomen with respect to terms and conditions of
employmentR.A. 6955(May 15, 1990)An act unlawful the practice of matching
Filipino women formarriage to foreign nationals on a mail-order basis and
other similarpracticesR.A. 7192(Dec. 11, 1992)
“Women in Nation
-
Building Act of 1992”
An act promoting the integration of women as full and equalpartners of men
in development and nation-buildingR.A. 7877(Feb. 14, 1995)
“Anti
-
Sexual Harassment Act of 1995”
An act declaring sexual harassment unlawful in the employment,education or
training environmentR.A. 8353(Sept. 3, 1997)
“Anti
-
Rape Law of 1997”
An act expanding the definition of the crime of rape, reclassifyingthe same as
a crime against persons, amending R.A 3815 (RevisedPenal Code)R.A.
8505(Feb. 5, 1998)
“Rape Victims Assistance and Protection Act of 1998”
An act providing assistance and protection for rape victims,establishing for
the purpose a Rape Crisis Center in every provinceand cityR.A. 9208(May 12,
2003)
“Anti
-
Trafficking in Person Act of 2003”
An act to institute policies to eliminate trafficking in personsespecially women
and children, establishing the necessaryinstitutional mechanisms for
protection and support, providingpenalties for its violation and for other
purposesR.A. 9262
“Anti
-
Violence Against Women and their Children Act of 2004”
(Jan. 29, 2004
&Feb. 2, 2004) An act defining violence against women and their children,pro
viding for protective measures for victims, prescribing penaltiestherefore, and
other purposes
C. Older Persons/Persons with Disabilities
R.A. 344(Feb. 25, 1983)
“Accessibility Law”
An act to enhance the mobility of disabled persons by requiringcertain
buildings, institutions, establishments, and public utilities toinstall facilities and
other devicesR.A. 7277(Jan. 22, 1992)
‘Magna Carta of Disabled Persons”
An act providing for the rehabilitation, self-development and self-reliance of
disabled persons and their integration into themainstream of societyR.A.
7432(Feb. 7, 1992)
“Senior Citizens Act of 1992”
An act to maximize the contribution of senior citizens to nation-building, grant
benefits and special privileges, and for otherpurposesR.A. 7876(Jan. 31,
1995)An act establishing a Senior Citizen Center in all cities
andmunicipalitiesR.A. 9257(Dec.16, 2003)
“Expanded Senior Citizen Act of 2003”
An act granting addtl. benefits and privileges to senior citizensamending for
the purpose R.A. 7432
D. Family
E.O. 209(Aug. 4, 1988)
“Family Code of the Philippines”
The law revises provisions in the Civil Code of the Philippinespertaining to
marriage and family relations to bring them closer toFilipino customs, values,
and ideals and reflect contemporary trendsand conditionsR.A. 8187(June 8,
1996)An act granting paternity leave of seven (7) days with full pay to
allmarried male employees in the private and public sectors for the firstfour (4)
deliveries of the legitimate spouse with whom he iscohabitingR.A. 8369(Oct.
28, 1997)
“Family Courts Act of 1997”
An act establishing family courts, granting them exclusive original jurisdiction
over child and family cases, amending Bata PambansaBlg. 129 (Judiciary
Reorganization Act of 1980)R.A. 8972(Nov. 7, 2000)
“Solo Parents Welfare Act of 2000”
An act providing for benefits and privileges to solo parents and theirchildren
E. Health
R.A. 7875(Feb. 7, 1995)An act instituting a National Health Insurance
Program for all Filipinosand establishing the Philippine Health Insurance
Corporation for thepurposeR.A. 7883(Feb. 20, 1995)An act granting benefits
and incentives to accredited barangayhealth workersR.A. 8344(Aug. 25,
1997)An act penalizing the refusal of hospitals and medical clinics
toadminister appropriate initial medical treatment and support inemergency or
serious cases, amending for the purpose bataPambansa Blg. 702
(“An act prohibiting the demand of deposits orn
advance payments for the confinement of patients in hospitals and
medical clinics in certain cases”)
R,A. 924(Oct. 15, 2003 &Oct. 14, 2003)An act amending R.A. 7875
F. Labor/Employment
P.D. 442(Nov. 1, 1974)
“Labor Code of the Philippines”
An act which revises and consolidates all previous labor and sociallaws
based on the principal of social justiceR.A. 7655(June 4, 1993)An act
increasing the minimum wage of househelpers, amendingArticle 143 of
Presidential Decree No. 442, as amendedR.A. 7877(Feb. 3, 1995)An act
declaring sexual harassment unlawful in the employment,education, or
training environmentR.A. 8042(June 5, 1995)
“Migrant Workers Benefits and Incentives Act of 1995”
An act to institute the policies of overseas employment and establisha higher
standard of protection and promotion of the welfare ofmigrant workers and
their families and overseas Filipinos in distressR.A. 8282(April 30, 1997)An
act further strengthening the Social Security Program amendingR.A. 1161
(The Social Security Law) which provides coveredemployees and their
families protection against the hazards ofdisability, sickness, old, age, and
deathR,A, 8291May 29, 1997)An act amending Presidential Decree No, 1146
expanding andincreasing the coverage and benefits of the Government
ServiceInsurance System
G. Others
R.A. 7160(Oct. 10, 1991)The Local Government Code of 1991
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or
interruptions!
Start Free Trial
Cancel Anytime.
An act that developed implementing functions and programs ofnational
agencies to local governments, including social welfareservices that used to
be administered by the Department of SocialWelfare and DevelopmentR,A,
8371(Oct. 22,1997)
“Indigenous Peoples’ Rights Act of 1997”
An act to recognize, protect, and promote the rights of indigenouscultural
communities/indigenous peoples, creating a NationalCommission on
Indigenous Peoples, establishing implementingmechanisms and appropriating
funds for the purposeR,A, 8425(Dec. 0, 1997)
“Social Reform and Poverty Alleviation Act of 1997”
An act institutionalizing the Social Reform and Poverty AlleviationProgram,
creating for the purpose the National Anti-PovertyCommission and defining its
powers and functions
SOME GOVERNMENT AGENCIES/ORGANIZATIONSA. The Overseas
Workers Welfare Administration
An agency attached to the Department of Labor and Employment.
Began operations in 1982
Two-fold mandate: (1) to provide welfare assistance to registered overseas
workersand their dependents, and (2) ensure the viability of the Overseas
Workers WelfareFund
Offers both local as well as overseas programs and services for Filipino
contractworkers and their dependents
B. The National Housing Authority
Created under Presidential Decree No. 757 in 1975
Agency’s mandate: develop and implement a comprehensive and integrated
housing program in the country
Efforts are focused on providing housing assistance to the lowest 30% of
the urbanpopulation
Resettlement programs, the Community Mortgage program, the Sites and
ServicesDevelopment Program
Also provides technical and other forms of assistance to local government
units inimplementing their urban development and housing programs
C. Public Attorney’s Office
Under the Department of Justice and
used to be known as the Citizen’s Legal
Assistance Office
It represents indigent persons or the immediate members of their families, in
all civic,administrative, and criminal cases where, after due investigation, the
interest of justicewill be served
It has offices in each of the administrative regions of the country and offers
mainlylegal assistance and counselling to indigent persons
SOME PRIVATE SOCIAL WELFARE AGENCIES AND NON-
GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONSA. The Philippine Business for Social
Progress
Private, non-profit organization established on December 16, 1970 to serve as
private
enterprises’ implementing arm for social development.
Starting with 50 it now has 154 member-companies which contribute funds
that arechannelled to self-help community projects nationwide
Its programs include institutional building, enterprise development
promotions,community organization and empowerment, technology
development, and womenin development
B. The SOS Children’s Village
A private child caring agency founded by Dr. Hermann Gmeiner in Austria
after WorldWar II
Six (6) “villages” today in the cities of: Lipa, Tacloban, Calbayog, Cebu,
Davao, and
Greater Manila
Outside of adoption, it is the only agency which implements Alternative
Parental Care
C. The Women’s
Crisis Center
Established for the purpose of helping eliminate all forms of violence against
women
Major programs: crisis intervention, feminist counselling, medical assistance
and
advocacy, temporary shelter, survivors’ support group, education and
advocacy,training, and education, research, documentation and publication,
and consultancyservices
It operates HAVEN, hospital-based crisis center for women survivors of a
violentenvironment and also coordinates with NGOs
D. The Center for the Prevention and treatment of Child Sexual Abuse
Established to help children and their families, who are victims of sexual
abuse
It offers protective services, prevention and treatment services, training and
otherservices
E. The Cribs Philippines, Inc.
Serves as a Receiving Home for abandoned, neglected, surrendered infants,
andabused female minors.
F. The Norfil Foundation, Inc.
Services abandoned, neglected, and dependent children; unwed pregnant
womenand girls; mentally retarded/physically handicapped children and
youth; needy anddisadvantage families
G. The Tribal Development Foundation in the Philippines
Addresses the needs of tribal communities in different parts of the country
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOCIAL WORK PROFESSION IN THE
PHILIPPINE
The Associated
Charities (1917) is generally considered as the “mother”
THE PHILIPPINE ASSOCIATION OF SOCIAL WORKERS (PASWI)
It is the national organization for professional social workers in the
country.Objectives:
Promote and maintain a professional standard of social work practice
Strengthen the competence of members through the provision of opportunities
fortheir continuing professional growth and development
Work for better understanding, acceptance, and recognition of social work as
aprofession
Initiate and work for social legislation in social welfare and development
througheffective action
Expand professional activities of the organization of local chapters and
developmentof linkages with international organizations devoted to human
service
THE SCHOOLS OF SOCIAL WORK ASSOCIATION OF THE PHILIPPINES
(NATIONAL ASSOCIATIONFOR SOCIAL WORK EDUCATION, INC.)
