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Chapter 1: Introduction to Scientific Investigation
1. Things in Laboratory
- Apparatus’ Drawing and Naming
- Hazardous Symbols
2. Physical Quantities
- Definition
- S.I Unit and their Measuring Instruments
- Conversion of Unit
- Vernier Calipers and Micrometer Screw Gauge
3. Accuracy, Consistency, Sensitivity and Errors
- Overview and Comparisons
a. Accuracy, Consistency and Sensitivity
b. Errors
- Estimations
4. Density
- Definition, Formula and Unit
- Density in daily life
5. Scientific Investigation
- Steps to memorise
- Period of pendulum
6. Chapter Review
- Mind Map
- Definitions
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1. Things in Laboratory
- Apparatus’ Drawing and Naming
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1. Add acid into alkaline in the conical flask using a burette
2. Heat strongly the calcium carbonate in a crucible.
3. Filter the mixture.
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- Hazardous Symbols
1. Poison/Toxic 有毒
2. Corrosive
3. Explosive
4. Flammable 易燃
5. Irritant 刺激
6. Radioactive
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2. Physical Quantities
- Definition
Quantities that can be ____________.
- S.I Unit and their Measuring Instruments
Base quantity S.I. Unit Symbol Measuring Instruments and Some
“Fun” Facts about it.
Length 1. Height of a human
2. Thickness of a book
3. Thickness of a thumbnail
Mass
mass vs weight
Definition of mass
Definition of weight
Time
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Temperature
Different-different units existing…
And their “usefulness”
Electric Current
Amount of mole mol
substance
Luminous Intensity candela cd
Measuring volume of water***
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- Conversion of Units
Prefix 字首 Actual Value Standard Form Symbol
Tera
Giga
Mega
Kilo
Deci
Centi
Milli
Micro
Nano
Pico
Exercise
Convert!
10 Ms = __________s 730 km = _________ Gm
9.9 kmol = __________mol 57200 mA = __________ nA
245 GK = __________ MK 89oC = _______ K
18000 mg = _________ kg 0K = _______oC
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-Vernier Calipers and Micrometer Screw Gauge
(Here comes the nightmare if you don’t get the technique)
Vernier caliper (1 L!!)
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- Micrometer Screw Gauge (-ER)
MSG Reading
Vernier Caliper Micrometer Screw Gauge
Accuracy /
Sensitivity
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3. Accuracy, Consistency, Sensitivity and Errors.
- Overview and Comparisons
a. Accuracy, Consistency, Sensitivity
Accuracy 准确性 Consistency 一致性 Sensitivity
Definition
Bull eyes nil
representation
A value is said to be accurate if it is closed to its actual/ true manufactured value.
A set of readings of data is said to be accurate if every readings are close to its
actual/true value
A value is said to be consistent if it is close to the repeated values.
A set of readings of data is said to be consistent if every readings are close to the
average value.
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b. Errors
Random Errors Systematic Errors
Definitions
Graphical
Representations
Examples
Ways to overcome
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- Estimations
Estimation of area of irregular shape object can be done by using a
_______________. And its unit is ____.
Estimation of volume of irregular shape object can be done by using
_______________________. And its unit is _____.
Apparatus needed:
4. Density
- Definition, Formula and Unit
Definition
Formula and Unit
- Density in Daily Life
The xxx is less/more dense than yyy.
Thus, xxx float/sink on/in yyy.
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5. Scientific Investigation
- Steps to remember
问题是什么
假设。。 what if…. 简单来说 “瞎猜”
变数性。。你要控制的东西
先讨论怎么做
才开始做
等什么？收集 data 啦
然后研究你的 data
来个总结
写报告
One complete oscillation
Period – time taken for the pendulum to complete one oscillation.
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Chapter Review
Definitions
Physical Quantities
Mass
Accuracy
Consistency
Sensitivity
Systematic Errors
Random Errors
Density
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