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It Is Also Called Extranuclear/ Maternal Inheritance: Nucleus

This document discusses cytoplasmic inheritance, also known as extranuclear or maternal inheritance. It describes how cytoplasmic genes located in cell organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts can be passed from the female gamete to the zygote, leading to maternal inheritance patterns. Examples provided include mitochondrial inheritance influencing male sterility in maize and plastid genes determining branch color in Mirabilis jalapa, the first case of cytoplasmic inheritance discovered. The mechanisms of cytoplasmic inheritance through maternal inheritance of cytoplasmic genes are explained.

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102 views9 pages

It Is Also Called Extranuclear/ Maternal Inheritance: Nucleus

This document discusses cytoplasmic inheritance, also known as extranuclear or maternal inheritance. It describes how cytoplasmic genes located in cell organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts can be passed from the female gamete to the zygote, leading to maternal inheritance patterns. Examples provided include mitochondrial inheritance influencing male sterility in maize and plastid genes determining branch color in Mirabilis jalapa, the first case of cytoplasmic inheritance discovered. The mechanisms of cytoplasmic inheritance through maternal inheritance of cytoplasmic genes are explained.

Uploaded by

Ayush bhadani
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CYTOPLASMIC INHERITANCE

 It is also called extranuclear/ maternal inheritance


Nucleus
Cytoplasmic Gene

Cytoplasmic Gene 1 1
2 2
Plasmon Cytoplasmic
Gene Mitochondria 3 3
. .
. .
Cytoplasmic X . Y .
Gene
Chloroplast
CYTOPLASMIC INHERITANCE
Gamete
+ Gamete

N+ N
C
C+
X
Cytoplasmic
N
inheritance:-
C+ N+ Zygote(Next Generation)
Shown by only
female.
CYTOPLASMIC INHERITANCE
 Discovered by Carl Correns in Mirabilis jalapa.
 Inheritance of those characters which are controlled by
cytoplasmic genes is called cytoplasmic inheritance.
 Gene present in cytoplasm is called cytogene/
extranuclear gene.
 Cytogenes are present in cell organelles like
mitochondria (mitogene) and plastid (plastogene).
 Sum total of all the cytogenes present in a cell is called
Plasmon.
 Since zygote receives most of the cytoplasm from female
gamete, so cytoplasmic inheritance is also called as
maternal inheritance.
CYTOPLASMIC INHERITANCE
 Example of mitochondrial inheritance :-
 Male sterility in maize plant
 Example of plastid inheritance :-

a) Albinism in certain plants


 Gene for albinism is found in chloroplast.
 Gene for albinism in corn/ maize is lethal.
b) Branch colour/ leaf colour in Mirabilis jalapa
 First case of cytoplasmic inheritance to be
discovered by Carl Correns.
CYTOPLASMIC INHERITANCE
Branch colour in Mirabilis jalapa

Green Pale Variegated


Due to presence Due to presence Due to presence of both
of chloroplast of leucoplast chloroplast and leucoplast.

N N N
C L C L

Chloroplast Leucoplast
CYTOPLASMIC INHERITANCE

+ Pale / Green + Green / Pale


Green Pale
/ Variegated / Variegated

N N N
N
C L C
L

NN NN

C L
Pale
Green
CYTOPLASMIC INHERITANCE

+ Pale / Green
Variegated
/ Variegated

N
C L

Variegated
/Pale / Green
CHROMOSOMAL THEORY OF INHERITANCE
 Proposed by Sutton and Boveri in 1902.
 Sutton united the knowledge of Mendel’s principle
(factor)With chromosomal behavior during the
meiosis and gave Chromosomal theory of inheritance.
 According to this theory the behavior of gene(factor) is
similar(parallel) to behavior of chromosomes.
CHROMOSOMAL THEORY OF INHERITANCE
A B
Occur in pairs Occur in pairs
Segregate at the time of Segregate at gamete
gamete formation such formation and only one
that only one of each of each pair is
pair is transmitted to a transmitted to a
gamete. gamete.
Independent One pair segregates
pairs segregate independently of
independently of another pair
each other

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