GINGOOG CITY COLLEGES, INC MODULE WEEK NO.
2
Paz Village Sub., Brgy. 24A, Gingoog City
University Logo
College of Education
Music in Kto12 Curriculum: Primary and Intermediate Music (K-6)
Semester of A.Y. 2020-2021
Introduction
To study music is to study the basics. Music is a comprehensive art – within its study students
come into contact with other basic areas of the curriculum: math, science, social studies,
languages and physical education. While music is a subject with its own body of
knowledge, and is inherently worth knowing, its comprehensive nature serves as a
foundation for a unified and comprehensive educational setting.
Rationale
Music is both an aural and a temporal art. All its elements, when interwoven in the
highest artistic order, are likened into a -- tapestry moving in time. The global weavings of
this tapestry in historical and cultural contexts are diverse -- having spurred a continued
metamorphosis to include a full range of purposes, functions, and identities, from the
utilitarian to aesthetic.
Like the other arts, music is a creative avenue for man’s individual quest for self-
expression and fulfillment. On these basic characteristics are founded the rationale of
music study. A keen sensitivity to environmental and musical sounds needs to be
developed. The student must learn to ―hear, ―speak, and ―think in the medium of music.
Simultaneously, growth and development in the skills that enable the application of the
1 | Page
MODULE WEEK NO.2
learner’s knowledge should be encouraged, through active involvement in the various
musical processes.
Intended Learning Outcomes
● Students will be able to identify the basic concepts and elements of music;
● Students can recognize the essence of fundamental processes of music; and
● Students create a musical analysis of the elements of music to af certain songs.
Activity
Direction: Watch the documentary video of Music and answer the following questions
Video Link: https://www.netflix.com/search?q=explained%20music
● What is music?
● What is the basis of music?
● How can music affect the way we think, see or feel?
Discussion
Primary and Intermediate Music
What is Music?
Music is an art form, and cultural activity, whose medium is sound. General definitions
of music include common elements such as pitch (which governs melody and harmony),
rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness
and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed
the "color" of a musical sound). Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-
2 | Page
MODULE WEEK NO.2
emphasize or omit some of these elements.
Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from
singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs
without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.
Music is one of the most wonderful parts of our lives. Few things give as much
immediate satisfaction as does the hearing of a familiar, enjoyable piece of music.
Something is deeply felt, something inner is touched. It’s like eating a favorite meal without
the calories.
Elements of Music
Rhythm
Rhythm is all about the timing of sounds. Listen to some instruments and clap along. You’ll
learn how to combine different sounds to create a rhythm. It is music pattern in time
● Sounds
A song is made up of a series of sounds. Sound is anything that can be heard through the
ears. It is produced by vibrating objects. Sounds can be heard everywhere - at home, in
school in church, in the park, at the mail, and in many other places. These sounds may
come from animals, nature, vehicles or objects.
● Notes
Notes represent the varying duration and pitch of sounds. Notes are the basic musical
symbols.
Notes Names Time Values
whole note 4 beats
half note 2 beats
quarter note 1 beat
eight note ½ beat
3 | Page
MODULE WEEK NO.2
sixteenth note ¼ beat
● Rest
Musical rest means silence. In singing, rest signs give the singer time to breathe and pause.
Rests Names Time Values
whole rest 4 beats
half rest 2 beats
quarter rest 1 beat
eight rest ½ beat
sixteenth rest ¼ beat
Melody
Melody, also a tune, a voice or a line, is a linear succession of musical tones that the
listeners perceive as a single entity. In its most literal sense, a melody is a combination of
pitch and rhythm.
● Musical Staff
The musical staff is where notations are placed. A musical staff is made up of 5 parallel
lines and 4 spaces between the 5 lines. The musical staff is where notes, rests and other
4 | Page
MODULE WEEK NO.2
symbols of musical pieces are placed.
Musical Staff
● Clef
Clef is a sign placed at the beginning of the staff. A treble clef or G clef ( 𝄞) indicates the
pitches of the notes are above middle C. It is called G clef because it starts on the G line.
● Ledger Line
Ledger lime is a short line below or above the staff for notes beyond the range on the staff.
● Bar lines and Measure
Bar lines divide the notes and rests in the staff into measures. A measure is the distance
between two bar lines. Measures are made up of rhythmic notations grouped by beats or
time values. The measures are grouped by time values following the time signature
( 2/4,¾,4/4,etc.) of the musical piece.
5 | Page
MODULE WEEK NO.2
● Sofa Syllables
So-fa syllables are the seven musical tones going up or down the musical scale. Notes
have so-fa syllable names: do-re-mi-fa-so-la-ti. Each pitch name has a corresponding so-
fa syllable.
Harmony
Harmony is when two or more notes are played together. It is a series of tones sounding
together. Chores are a form of harmony. Harmony can be played by a lot of instruments
such as guitar, piano and vocals. Vocals being the most popular.
● Major (happy sounding)
6 | Page
MODULE WEEK NO.2
● Minor (sad sounding)
Probably the most famous example in history, is the song “Bohemian Rhapsody” by
Queen. The song consists of vocals from Freddie Mercury, Brian May, and Roger Taylor.
They all recorded 180 vocals which consisted of the harmony for the operatic section. And
this went down as the best song in history
Timbre (tone color)
Another word for timbre is tone. Timbre is the distinguishing characteristics that
differentiate one sound from another, despite the fact that they might be playing the
same frequency with the same amplitude. When we are describing a sound’s timbre, we
use the words like sharp, round, reedy, brassy, or bright to describe them.
Let us correlate timbre to flavor, think of apples. They’re a type of fruit that has typical
shape, color, and flavor. but inside the category of apples, they’re a huge amount of
variation. Some apples are very sweet, while others are more sour. Some are red, while
others are green. They’re all still apples, but each one with distinctive characteristics. Same
goes to sound sources.
One category of timbre we use quite often is strings. Inside of the string family:
● violin
● guitar
● bass
● cello
● banduria
They are similar timbres and tones in some ways, but each one is distinct. They play the
same notes but they sound completely different.
Dynamics
Dynamics refers to the volume of a sound or note. Dynamics is the range of loudness
and softness of the sounds in music. No song sounds the same from the start to end. A song
7 | Page
MODULE WEEK NO.2
has a different tone throughout the piece. Some parts are loud and other parts are soft.
In music, dynamics is the range of softness and loudness of sounds. it is an element that
puts variations and contrasts in the tones of a song. Dynamics is the differences in volume
that you can hear. Some sounds can be “soft” and “quiet”. Other sounds can be very
“loud”.In music, we use special Italian words to describe how loud or soft a sound is. The
changes in dynamics are marked by signs or marks above the staff.
● A very soft sound is called pianissimo (pp). It is very quiet.
● A sound that is a little bit louder, but still soft, is called piano (p).
● A loud sound is called forte (f)
● An extremely loud loud sound is called fortissimo (ff).
● In music, the song may get louder overtime, this is called the crescendo (<). If you
look at the symbol, we can see that from left to right, the space between the two
lines gets bigger, as the sound gets louder.
● The opposite of crescendo is the decrescendo (>). It is when the music slowly
becomes softer everytime. Look at the symbol of the decrescendo, from left to
right. You can see the distance between the two lines gets smaller, as the sound
becomes quieter.
Some songs are very bouncy and jumpy and are often played loud to highlight the
mood, like a marching band or a pop song. But some songs are sad, or slow, and these
songs and these songs are usually played with soft dynamics, like a lullaby.
Texture
Texture is a layer of musical sound. Musical texture is the element of music that analyzes
musical layers in terms of number and function. The most basic texture is called
monophonic.
● Monophonic texture has only one layer: a melody (ex. Row Your Boat). With
monophony, it doesn’t matter how many instruments and/or voices are present, as
8 | Page
MODULE WEEK NO.2
long as they all sing or play the same thing at the same time. It also doesn’t matter if
the voices or instruments are on the exact same frequency or they are singing in
octaves. An octave is the distance between two musical pitches that sound almost
the same but one is higher and one is lower.
● Too much monophony can be boring, so most music has another layer: harmony.
When a melody is supported by harmony, the texture is homophonic. One layer
grabs you attention, and the other layer is just hanging out in the background. Most
popular music is homophonic.
● A piece of music has multiple independent layers happening at the same time is
called polyphony. Polyphony can occur if you have two totally separate melodies
occurring simultaneously.
● Heterophony occurs when there are two or more versions of the same melody
happening at the same time. Usually, one of the melody lines has more notes than
the other - a kind of musical decoration - and/or a slightly different rhythmic
pattern.
Exercises
Musical Analysis
Listen to Bohemian Rhapsody by Queen: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fJ9rUzIMcZQ
and analyze this song through musical analysis. Follow the table below:
Musical Analysis Your Description
Pitch - How high or low the sounds are?
Keyword: Jump, step, octave, treble, bass,
deep, high, low, range.
9 | Page
MODULE WEEK NO.2
Duration - How long sounds are held?
Keyword: even, uneven, long, short, pulse,
beats, jumpy, pause, rhythm.
Tempo or Pace - The speed of the music.
Keywords: very, slow,fast, quick, sluggish,
moderate, speeds up, slows down.
Timbre - The tone quality or instruments
used in music. Keywords: Brilliant, hollow,
string, wood, metal, reed, contrast, teams,
foreground, background.
Mood - Does the music convey an
atmosphere or tell a story? Keywords: calm,
busy, eerie, gentle, violent, stormy,
threatening,peaceful, romantic,
sentimental, ghostly, heavenly, turbulent,
playful,serious.
Dynamics – Volume. Keywords: very,
extremely, loud, soft, quiet, gets softer, gets
loud.,
Assessment
A. Notes. Direction: Count the time values of each set of notes. Write the time
value.
=
1. +
=
2. +
=
3. +
=
4. + +
10 | Page
MODULE WEEK NO.2
=
5. + + +
B. Rest. Direction: Draw the indicated rests inside the boxes
1. + + +
2. +
=
3. +
4. + +
5. + + +
Reflection
REFLECTION WEEK NO. 2
Direction: Read and reflect on this quote for 30 points.
“Music begins where the possibilities of language end.” — Jean Sibelius
Resources and Additional Resources
● Enhancing Skills through Music by Perla P. Tubayan
● https://www.google.com/search?
q=quotes+about+music&sxsrf=ALeKk01q5hrXrSeLY4ttB75O-
Ytrhd6vxw:1601696480331&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiDx_2twJfsA
hWTHHAKHdjGC0kQ_AUoAXoECBkQAw&biw=1920&bih=937#imgrc=tELRi4NZgCtnu
M&imgdii=riEwEUqCAgjXuM
● https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fJ9rUzIMcZQ
11 | Page
MODULE WEEK NO.2
12 | Page
