Republic of the Philippines

PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS

Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law

Individual Reporting

Title:

Air Navigation

Jeneric D. Tulba

Student

Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law

MEAM 610

Atty. Julius A. Magno, CPA

Professorial Lecturer

May 23, 2021

Executive Summary

Page 1 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
The signing of the Convention on International Civil Aviation Organization (Chicago

Convention) in 1944 and the startup of International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) in

April 1947, to the adoption of the various Annexes to the Convention, the law of Air Navigation

has evolved through the principles of these instruments and transformed into domestic law

within their jurisdictions by member of the states of ICAO. These laws, both international and

national derive their legitimacy from the fundamental principle found in Article 1 of the

Chicago Convention that ICAO member states recognize that each state has complete and

exclusive sovereignty over the airspace above its territory, to be followed by statement in

Article 2 that for purposes of the Convention, the territory of a State is deemed to be the land

areas and territorial waters adjacent thereto under the sovereignty, suzerainty, protection and

mandate of the State concerned

The law of navigation are those that relate to the navigation of an aircraft. The area that these

laws cover could range from laws, rules and regulations that enable states to determine the

approach of an aircraft to their territory by establishing Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ)

and determining the regions that are responsible for dispensing flight information, to safety on

the runways as affected by unstable approaches of aircraft as well as proper regulations of

pilots.

Article 3 of the Convention states that aircraft used in military, customs and police services

shall be deemed to be a state aircraft. A civil aircraft has been defined as any aircraft excluding

government and military aircraft, used for the carriage of passengers, baggage, cargo and mail.

However, civil aviation comprises in general all aviation activities other than government and

military air services which can be divided into three (3) main categories; commercial air

Page 2 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
transport provided to the public by scheduled or non-scheduled carriers, private flying for

business or pleasures and a wide range of specialized service commonly called aerial work, such

as agriculture, construction, photography, surveying, search and rescue, observation and patrol

and aerial advertisement. The most fundamental difference between the operation of civil

aircraft and military aircraft lies in the fact that, although they are expected to share the same

skies, the procedures by which they do this varies greatly. Civil aircraft depend entirely on

predetermined flight paths and code of commercial conduct which vary depending on aircraft

type and types of traffic carried, whereas military aircraft operate in line with the exigency of a

situation and are not always necessarily guided by predetermined flight path.

Under Article 5,6 and 7 of Chicago Convention, contracting states agree to permit aircraft

registered in other contracting states and engaged in commercial nonscheduled flights to fly into

their territory without prior diplomatic permission and moreover to pick up and discharge

passengers, cargo and mail. For scheduled air services, the privilege of operating commercial

services through or into a foreign country was split into five so called freedoms of air. The first

freedom is the privilege to fly across the territory of another participating state without landing;

the second is the privilege to land in another participating state for non-traffic purposes

(refueling or repair) but not for uplift or discharge of traffic (passenger, cargo or mail). These

two freedoms are also known as technical freedom or transit rights. A large number of ICAO

members are parties to the 1944 International Air Services Transit Agreement, placing these

rights on a multi-lateral basis. The other freedoms of the air are known as commercial freedoms,

referring to the passengers, mail or cargo carried on a commercial service. The third freedom is

the privilege to put down in another state, passengers, mail or cargo taken on in the state of

Page 3 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
registration; the fourth freedom is the privilege to take on in another state passengers mail and

cargo destined for the state of airline registration; the fifth freedom is the privilege of an airline

registered in one state and enroute to or from that state, to take on passengers, mail and cargo in

a second state and put them down in a third state. This fifth freedom is the main bargaining

point in the exchange of traffic rights among states, Due to the process of growth in air transport

and the evolution of airlines operating on a global basis, further commercial freedoms have

evolved. These freedoms are called the modern freedoms. The sixth freedom is the privilege for

an airline registered in one participating state to take on passengers, mail and cargo in a second

state, transport them via the state of registration, and put them down in a third participating

states; the seventh freedom is the privilege for an airline registered in one participating state to

take on passengers, mail and cargo in a second participating state and put them down in any

other participating state without the journey originating, stopping or terminating in the state of

registration; the eight freedom is the privilege of an aircraft registered in one state to pick up

passengers, mail and cargo in another state and carry the same to a destination within that state;

the ninth freedom is direct result of the IATA conference of Kuala Lumpur, and permits

interlining or code sharing, this is a scheduled flight being flown by an operator other than the

operator to whom the schedule has been granted or with whom the scheduled is shared. In this

situation, the flight code is used by another operator and the passenger must be informed who

the actual carrier is.

Article 12 of the Chicago Convention requires each ICAO member states to adopt measures to

ensure that every aircraft flying over or maneuvering within its territory and that every aircraft

carrying its nationality mark, wherever such aircraft maybe, shall comply with the rules and

Page 4 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
regulations relating to the flight and maneuver of aircraft there in force. Each contracting states

undertakes to keep its own regulations in these respect uniform, to the possible extent. Air travel

must be safe and efficient this requires a set of internationally agreed rules of the air. The rules

developed by ICAO which consist of visual flight rules and instrument flight rules contain in

Annex 2, apply without exception over the high seas and over the national territories to the

extent that they do not conflict with the rules of the state being overflown. The pilot in

command is responsible for compliance with the rules of air.

Flight in accordance with visual flight rules is permitted if a flight crew is able to remain clear

of clouds by distance of at least 1,500 meter horizontally and at least 300 meter (100feet)

vertically and to maintain its forward visibility of at least 8 Km. An aircraft cannot be flown

under VFR at night or above 6,100 meter (20,000 feet) except by special permission.

Instrument Flight Rules must be complied with in weather conditions. A state may also require

that they be applied in designated airspace regardless of weather conditions, or a pilot may

choose to apply them if the weather is good. Most airlines fly under IFR at all times. Depending

on the type of airspace, these aircraft are provided with air traffic control service, air traffic

advisory service or flight information service. To fly under IFR, an aircraft must be equipped

with suitable instruments and navigations equipment appropriate to the route to be flown

The concept of nationality for aircraft was adapted from maritime law where the national flag is

used to indicate a ship’s country of registration. The issues of aircraft nationality and

registration were considered during the International Air Navigation Conference held at Paris

in1910. Despite the absence of a final signed agreement at the end of that conference, the

Page 5 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
principles of nationality of aircraft and its registration were formally incorporated into a

Convention Relating to Aerial Navigation signed in 1919 (Paris Convention).

Under the 1944 Chicago Convention an aircraft, in order to benefit from the privileges

conferred by the convention, must comply with its terms. Many of these terms are further

elaborated in annexes to the convention. According to Article 20 of the convention, as among

the contracting states, “every aircraft engaged in international air navigation shall bear its

appropriate nationality and registration marks.” Under Article 31, “every aircraft engaged in

international navigation shall be provided with a certificate of airworthiness issued or rendered

valid by the State in which it is registered”. Under Article 30(a) of the Chicago Convention,

aircraft of having the nationality of each contracting State may, in or over the territory of other

contracting States, carry radio transmitting apparatus only if a license to install and operate such

apparatus has been issued by the appropriate authorities of the State in which the aircraft is

registered. As regards the operating personnel of the aircraft, the Chicago Convention provides

that the pilot of every aircraft and the other members of the operating crew of every aircraft

engaged in international navigation shall be provided with certificates of competency and

licenses issued or rendered valid by the State in which the aircraft is registered. When an aircraft

registered in one contracting state is in or over the territory of other contracting states, radio

transmitting apparatus may be used only by members of the flight crew who are provided with a

special license for the purpose, issued by the appropriate authorities of the State in which the

aircraft is registered.

Page 6 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
The convention prescribes that there shall be maintained in respect of every aircraft engaged in

international navigation a journey log book in which shall be entered particulars of the aircraft,

its crew and of each journey. All of the above documents must be carried by “every aircraft of a

contracting State, engaged in international navigation,” as well as the appropriate manifests if

passengers and cargo are carried.

The provision and operation of ground and other air navigation facilities, as well as the

establishment and enforcement of air navigation rules and air traffic control, are the

responsibility of the territorial state. So is investigation of accidents, though among ICAO

members, under the Chicago Convention the state of registry

In most countries airports may be privately, municipally, or nationally owned and operated, and

the siting of an airport may be subject to town and country planning or zoning regulations.

Whether or not the establishment of an airport requires special permission, aircraft leaving or

entering a country will normally be required to do so at an airport having customs and

immigration facilities. Airports that are open to public use are generally subject to some form of

licensing or control in order to ensure compliance with minimum safety standards. Members

of ICAO, in order to comply with their obligations under the Chicago Convention, have to make

certain that such airports are open to aircraft of all other ICAO members under the same

conditions as they are open to national aircraft. Restrictions may also be imposed on the noise

level of aircraft taking off or landing, as well as the general level of noise, vibration, smoke, and

so forth that may result from the operation of airports. In order to secure safety of flight,

restrictions may be imposed on the use of lands adjoining an airport, such as the height of

Page 7 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
buildings or the planting of trees. Practice varies as to whether such restrictions are regarded as

true measures of planning or zoning or as takings of private property for public use, which

require the payment of compensation.

Some legal systems exempt the airport owner, operator, and users from liability for low flights

over neighboring properties, noise, vibration, or other forms of disturbance, provided that all the

regulations and conditions laid down for the operation and use of the airport are complied with.

In the absence of such immunity, granted by law or obtained privately

from adjacent landowners, the owners, operators, and users of airports are basically liable, in

much the same way as other occupiers of land, for any substantial impairment of the use or

enjoyment of neighboring lands.

The Chicago Convention requires contracting states to coordinate their SAR organizations with

those of neighboring contracting states with a recommendations that such states should

whenever necessary, coordinate their SAR operations with those of neighboring contracting

states and develop common SAR procedures to facilitate coordination of SAR operations with

those of neighboring contracting states.

Each contracting State undertakes to collaborate in securing the highest practicable degree of

uniformity in regulations, standards, procedures, and organization in relation to aircraft,

personnel, airways and auxiliary services in all matters in which such uniformity will facilitate

and improve air navigation.

Page 8 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
The International Civil Aviation Organization shall adopt and amend from time to time, as may

be necessary, international standards and recommended practices and procedures dealing with:

Communications systems and air navigation aids, including ground marking; Characteristics of

airports and landing areas; Rules of the air and air traffic control practices; Licensing of

operating and mechanical personnel; Airworthiness of aircraft; Registration and identification of

aircraft; Collection and exchange of meteorological information; Log books; Aeronautical maps

and charts; Customs and immigration procedures; Aircraft in distress and investigation of

accidents;

The purpose of international standards and recommended practices and procedures is to

contribute to the safety of international air navigation by providing criteria of safe operating

practice and to contribute to the efficiency and regularity of international air navigation by

encouraging states to facilitate the passage over their territories of airplanes in international

commercial air transport belonging to the other states that operate in conformity with such

standards

Rules and Procedures (Philippines)

The air traffic rules and procedures applicable to air traffic within the Manila FIR conform

to Annex 2 and Annex 11 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation to the Civil

Aeronautics Act of the Philippines (RA 776) and to appropriate national rules, to those

portions of the Procedures for Air Navigation Services – Rules of the Air and Air Traffic

Page 9 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
Services applicable to aircraft and of the Regional Supplementary Procedures applicable to

the South East Asian and Pacific Region except for the differences listed below.

Measurement Unit
Distances used in navigation, position

reporting, etc., generally in excess of 2 to 3 Nautical Miles and Tenths

NM

Relatively short distances such as those

relating to the aerodrome (e.g., runway Meters

lengths)

Altitudes, elevations and heights Feet

Horizontal speed, including wind speed Knots

Vertical speed Feet Per Minute

Wind direction for landing and takeoff Degrees Magnetic

Wind direction except for landing and

Degrees True
takeoff

Visibility, including runway visual range Kilometers or Meters

Altimeter setting Hectopascals or Inches of Mercury

Temperature Degrees Celsius

Weight Metric Tons or Kilograms

Page 10 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law

Time Hours and Minutes UTC

Flight Procedures

Holding patterns shall be entered at or below the following indicated airspeeds:

Jet Aircraft

Levels Propeller Aircraft Turbulence

Normal Conditions
Conditions

Up to and including 170 knots 210 knots 280 knots or 0.8

Page 11 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
Mach whichever is
6,000ft.(1,850m)
less***

Above 6,000 ft
170 knots 220 knots
(1,850 meters) up to

including 14,000 ft.

(4,250 meters)

Above 14,000ft
185 knots 240 knots
(4,250 meters)

* The levels tabulated above represent ‘altitudes’ or corresponding ‘flight levels’ depending

upon the altimeter setting in use.

** Certain types of propeller aircraft may need to hold at higher speeds.

*** The speed of 280 knots (0.8 Mach) reserved for turbulence conditions shall be used for

holding after prior clearance from ATC, unless the relevant publications indicate that the

holding area can accommodate aircraft flying at these high holding speeds.

Procedure Limitations and Options

Page 12 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
Speed Limitations

Unless otherwise authorized by ATC, arriving aircraft speed within the Manila TMA shall not

exceed 250 kts IAS. If there is no need to apply the speed limitation, ATC shall inform the pilot

“No speed restriction required.

Airport Operating Minimums

The Philippines do not publish complete airport operating minimums for procedures based on

PANS-OPS. On these procedures the Philippines publishes Obstacle Clearance Altitudes

(Heights) [[OCA(H)]], visibility, and for selected procedures, ceiling. DA or DH/(HAT), MDA/

(HAT or HAA), ceiling and visibility are published for landing on procedures designed to

TERPS criteria at military airports.

Special Requirements and Regulations

REDUCED VERTICAL SEPARATION MINIMUM (RVSM) POLICY AND PROCEDURES

IN THE MANILA FIR IMPLEMENTATION OF REVISED FLIGHT LEVEL

ARRANGEMENTS IN THE WESTERN PACIFIC/SOUTH CHINA SEA AREA

The States of the ICAO Asia/Pacific Region within the Western Pacific/South China Sea

(WPAC/ SCS) area implemented RVSM operations using a modified single alternate flight

level orientation scheme (FLOS), with a complementary flight level allocation scheme (FLAS)

Page 13 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
for ATC flight level assignment. To assist expeditious traffic handling, ATC operational

arrangements termed ‘no pre-departure coordination’ (i.e., ‘No-PDC’) procedures are mutually

agreed between affected ATC Area Control Centers (ACCs). Using No-PDC procedures means

the initial flight level for departing flights is allocated in accordance with the pre-agreed FLAS

without real time flight level coordination being undertaken between adjacent ACCs. After

departure, other flight levels may be available subject to prior coordination between ACCs to

agree alternative flight levels for assignment. Subsequent to the commencement of RVSM

operations in the WPAC/SCS area, implementation of RVSM has continued in airspaces

surrounding the WPAC/SCS area but utilizing a single alternate FLOS in accordance with the

Tables of Cruising Levels contained in the Table “RVSM FEET” of Appendix 3 of ICAO

Annex 2 – Rules of the Air. This resulted in a need to continuously transition the flight levels of

many flights entering and leaving the WPAC/SCS area between the modified single alternate

FLOS in the WPAC/SCS area and the single alternate FLOS in surrounding RVSM areas.

Implement Revised FLOS and FLAS in WPAC/SCS Area In order to minimize flight level

transition requirements for flights entering and leaving the WPAC/SCS area, affected States

working under the auspices of the ICAO WPAC/SCS RVSM Scrutiny Working Group

(WPAC/SCS RSG) will implement revised flight level arrangements for the WPAC/SCS area.

Simultaneous and permanent implementation of the following flight level arrangements in the

WPAC/SCS area will occur:

Page 14 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
a. A single alternate FLOS (i.e., ‘east odd flight levels, west even flight levels’) in compliance

with the Table “RVSM-FEET” of Appendix 3 of Annex 2 and in accordance with the FLOS in

surrounding areas;

b. Special high capacity arrangements for six unidirectional parallel routes (L642, M771, N892,

L625, N884 and M767) that involve managed use of odd and even flight levels in the same

direction of flight; and

c. an associated FLAS agreed between affected ACCs to facilitate ATC ‘No-PDC’ operations.

Details of the flight level arrangements to be implemented, including those applicable to Large

Scale Weather Deviation (LSWD), have been included in the following tables.

Flight Level Assignment Scheme (FLAS) with Adjacent FIRs

No Pre-Departure
Flight Level
FIR Coordination (PDC) ATS Route
Transition
Flight Levels

Manila – Fukuoka L625 MEVIN B462 Naha ACC will

(Na-ha) FL310, 320, 350, transition FL320,

360, 390, 400 LAO B462 360, 400 to ODD

levels after MEVIN

FL290, 310, 330, N884 Nil

Page 15 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
350, 370, 390, 410

FL300, 340, 380 B462 LAO

Fukuoka (Naha) –
FL300, 320, 340, Nil
Manila A582
360, Nil 380, 400

Manila – Fukuoka FL290, 310, 330, A590

Nil
(ATMC 350, 370, 390, 410 G578/A590

Fukuoka (ATMC) – FL300, 320, 340, A590

Nil
Manila 360, 380, 400 A590/G578

FL290, 310, 330,

M501, G467, R337
Manila – Oakland 350, 370, 390, 410 Nil

FL310, 350, 390 A339

FL300, 320, 340,

M501, G467, R337
Oakland – Manila 360, 380, 400 Nil

FL320, 360, 400 A339

A461, R590, B472,

Manila – Ujung FL290, 330, 370, 410
B473, B462 Nil
Pandan
FL320, 360, 400 G578

Ujung Pandang – FL300, 340, 380 A461, R590, B472, Nil

Page 16 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
B473, B462

Manila FL350, 390 G578

FL310, 350, 390 A339

Nil

FL290, 330, 370, 410 M754

Manila – Kota
FL320, 360, 400 M646 Nil
Kinabalu
FL320, 360, 400 A341

FL300, 340, 380 M754

Kota Kinabalu –
FL310, 350, 390 M646 Nil
Manila
FL310, 370 A341

Manila ACC will

transition FL300,
FL310, 320, 350,
Manila – Singapore M767 340, 380 to FL310,
360, 390, 400
350, 390 after

TOKON.

Manila ACC will

FL310, 320, 350,
Singapore – Manila N884 transition FL320,
360, 390, 400
360, 400 to ODD

levels between

Page 17 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
LULBU and LBG.

FL300, 380 M772 Nil

FL310, 320, 350,

N892
360, 390, 400
Manila – Ho Chi
Nil
Minh L628
FL280, 340
M765

FL310, 320, 350,

L625
360, 390, 400
Ho Chi Minh –
Nil
Manila FL330, 370, 410 L628

FL290, 370 M765

A461, A583, M501/

FL300, 340, 380
Manila – Hong Kong A461 Nil

FL300, 380 M772

A461, A583, A461/

Hong Kong – Manila FL290, 330, 370, 410 Nil
M501

Manila – Taipei FL290, 310, 330, L625/M646 Manila ACC will

350, 370, 390, 410 transition FL320,

360, 400 to ODD

Page 18 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
levels before POTIB

FL290, 310, 330,

LAO M646 Nil
350, 370, 390, 410

Taipei ACC will

FL310, 320, 350, transiion FL300, 340,

N892
Taipei – Manila 360, 390, 400 380 to FL310, 350,

390 before KABAM

FL300, 340, 380 M646 Nil

NOTE 1:

a. Longitudinal Separation: 10 minutes (MNT).

b. Minimum of 50 NM longitudinal separation on ATS routes M767 and N884 for RNP10

approved aircraft on the same track and the same flight level between Manila and Singapore

FIRs shall apply.

c. Minimum of 40 NM radar separation with radar hand-off of ATS route M646 between

Manila and Taipei FIRs shall apply provided one aircraft is landing either within Taipei or

Manila FIR.

Page 19 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
NOTE 2:

a. Lateral separation within the oceanic airspace is 100 NM between aircraft.

b. Radar separation within 200 NM from LAO (181058N 1203206E), Tagaytay (140523N

1205429E) and Majic (101932N 1234533E) MSSR is 5 NM lateral (minimum).

c. For aircraft entering the area outside radar coverage, procedural separation shall apply

RNP 10 Navigation Requirements

ATC will apply the 60 NM lateral separation minima to aircraft, which are approved for RNP

10 operations, on those segments of the following routes, which fall within the Manila FIR.

N892 – HENGCHUN to MERSING

L625 – LUSMO to MEVIN

N884 – MERSING to MANILA

M767 – JOMALIG to TOMAN

M772 – LAXOR to ASOBA

Page 20 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
For other routes RNP 10 approval is not required. Pilots must advise ATC of any deterioration

or failure of the navigation systems below the navigation requirements for RNP 10. ATC shall

then provide alternate separation and/or alternative routing. Pilots of aircraft meeting RNP 10

requirements must indicate /R at Item 10 of the ICAO Flight Plan.

Operations by Aircraft Not Meeting RNP 10 Requirements

An aircraft that is unable to meet the minimum navigation requirements described above must

file a flight plan at FL280 or below. Operations above FL280 for these aircraft will be subject to

ATC approval, in accordance with the provisions below. Pilots of such aircraft wishing to

operate on ATS routes specified above, at or above FL290, must indicate their level

requirements at Item 18 of the ICAO Flight Plan as RMK/REQ FL (insert level). Approval to

operate at the preferred level will be subject to ATC coordination and clearance. Flights that are

not approved will be required to operate at FL280 or below or via alternative routes. ATC units

receiving a request for a non-RNP 10 approved aircraft to operate on ATS routes specified

above, at or above FL290, will coordinate with adjacent ATC units affected by the flight. In

deciding whether or not to approve the flight, each ATC unit will take into consideration:

a. traffic density;

b. communications, including the non-availability of normal communication facilities;

c. weather conditions enroute;

Page 21 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
d. any other factors pertinent at the time.

Separation Minima Lateral Separation Minima

A lateral separation minima of 60 NM may only be applied between aircraft equipped in

accordance with the provisions set forth above, operating at FL290 or above, on the ATS routes.

When an aircraft not meeting the requirements is approved to operate at or above FL290 on the

routes shown, vertical separation shall be applied with aircraft operating on adjacent routes.

Longitudinal Separation A longitudinal separation of 80 NM RNAV or Mach Number

Technique (MNT) separation minima may be applied between aircraft equipped in accordance

with RNP 10 navigation requirements. Vertical Separation A vertical separation minima of

1000 ft will be applied between aircraft operating between FL290 and FL410 inclusive in

accordance with RVSM requirements.

Procedures for the Use of RNAV Route M772 3

In the case of aircraft operating northbound on M772 deviating westward and entering the

adjacent airspace of the Ho Chi Minh FIR or the Sanya AOR, the pilot shall obtain an ATC

clearance from the Manila ACC to deviate. In the event that a clearance cannot be obtained in

time prior to entering the adjacent airspace, the pilot as a matter of urgency shall contact Ho Chi

Minh or Sanya ACC as appropriate, maintain the last cleared flight level and obtain ATC

clearance to enter the airspace. Manila Radio shall be informed of the action taken. Operations

on M772 may be suspended during large-scale weather deviations.

Page 22 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
Procedures on RNAV Routes N884 and M767

Manila Area Control Center (RTF: Manila Control) is the unit providing air traffic control

services for all enroute traffic operating within the Manila FIR. RNP 10-based 50 NM

longitudinal separation may be applied by ATC between aircraft that are approved for RNP 10

operations on ATS routes N884 and M767. The 50 NM longitudinal separation shall be applied

as a separation minimum between RNP 10- approved aircraft operating on RNAV routes M767

and N884 at FL310, FL320, FL350, FL360, FL390 and FL400.

NOTE: Please refer to the Flight Level Assignment Scheme (FLAS) applicable within the

Manila FIR and the adjacent FIRs. Both aircraft being provided with a reduced longitudinal

separation of 50 NM must be RNP 10- approved.

a. Certification/Approval for RNP operations within the Manila FIR shall be issued by:

Certification and Management Division (CMD) Flight Safety and Inspectorate Service Civil

Aviation Authority of the Philippines (02) 944-2181

b. The Pilot (or his/her representative) of an RNP 10-approved aircraft must indicate as such in

the FPL by placing “R” in item 10.

To comply with the requirement of Direct Controller-Pilot Communication (DCPC) when

applying 50 NM longitudinal separation between RNP 10-approved aircraft, Controller-Pilot

Page 23 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
Data Link Communication (CPDLC) and VHF communication shall be used as the primary

means of communication within the Singapore FIR and Manila FIR, respectively.

a. Aircraft operating along RNAV routes M767 and N884 must be equipped with CPDLC.

b. The Pilot (or his/her representative) must place “J” in item 10 of the FPL to indicate CPDLC

equipage

SPECIAL ROUTE AND FLIGHT LEVEL REQUIREMENTS FOR FLIGHTS FROM/TO

MANILA FIR AND OVERFLIGHTS DIVERTING TO MANILA FIR

Manila FIR – Macau Flights Aircraft departing from airport within Manila FIR bound for

Macau International Airport should flight plan to join air route A583 SABNO FL340 or below.

Mactan – Singapore/Kuala Lumpur and Vice Versa Aircraft departing from Mactan

International Airport should flight plan to join air route:

a. G578 ZAM A341 VIMAG, or

b. W17 PR M646 OSANU

Aircraft departing Singapore/Kuala Lumpur Airport bound for Mactan International Airport

should flight plan to join air route:

Page 24 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
a. VIMAG A341 ZAM G578 MCT, or

b. OSANU M646 PR W17 MC

Overflights Diverting to Manila FIR during Adverse Weather Condition in the South China Sea

The following routes and flight levels are applicable for:

a. Flights from Hong Kong FIR to Ho Chi Minh FIR and beyond should flight plan via SABNO

A583 MAVRA N892 MIGUG at FL320.

NOTE: When Large Scale Weather Deviation (LSWD) procedure is in effect within Manila

FIR, only FL280 is available.

b. Flights from Ho Chi Minh FIR to Hong Kong FIR and beyond should flight plan via ARESI

L625 AVMUP A461 NOMAN at FL310. NOTE: When Large Scale Weather Deviation

(LSWD) procedure is in effect within Manila FIR, only FL260 is available

Flight Level Requirements for Flights from Manila FIR to Ho Chi Minh FIR Via PANDI W17

or Vice Versa:

a. Ho Chi Minh FIR to Manila FIR – FL290, FL270

b. Manila FIR to Ho Chi Minh FIR – FL280, FL260

Page 25 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
Remarks: Minimum of ten (10) minutes (MNT) longitudinal separation without closing speed

will be applied with traffic at PANDI M765 or vice versa.

National Regulations and Requirements (Philippines)

PASSPORT

Any person entering the Republic of the Philippines for the purpose of immigration must hold a

valid passport and an immigration visa, the latter being issued at the Philippine consulates

abroad. Temporary visitors must be in possession of a valid passport, with the exception of the

following from whom existing official documents of identity, such as expired passports,

national registration cards or alien resident permits, are acceptable in lieu of a valid passport:

a. Laissez Passer, issued by the United Nations;

b. Seaman Discharge Book holder, issued to a left behind crew member seeking entry for the

purpose of rejoining his vessel in the Philippines;

c. Other travel document showing their origin and identity, issued by authority of authorized

Officials;

d. Certificate of Exemption from Passport Requirements, issued by authority of the President of

the Philippines.

Page 26 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
For tourists, passport must be valid for at least six (6) months beyond the authorized period of

stay in the Philippines. For other non-immigrants, passport must be valid six (6) months period

of authorized period of stay in the Philippines. VISA Visas are required, except for the

following:

a. Aliens in direct transit to a foreign destination on the same or connecting flight and staying at

the airport transit area.

b. Left behind merchant seaman seeking entry for the purpose of rejoining their vessels in the

Philippines with prior request by the shipping agent or the master and with approval of the same

by the Immigration Commissioner.

c. Holder of valid Special Return Certificates and Valid Permit to Re-enter.

d. Alien children born subsequent to the issuance of Immigration Visa of the accompanying

parent, the visa not having expired.

e. Bona fide tourists coming for not over 21 days under Executive Order 408 and properly

documented for admission into the country with valid return or onward ticket to next port of

destination which is required for presentation upon arrival at the airport.

NOTE: Under this provision, privileges shall not be extended to nationals or citizens of

following States (must have valid entry visa upon arrival):

Page 27 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
a. Nationals of the following countries: Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Armenia, Azerbaijan,

Belarus, Belize, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Cambodia, China, Egypt, Estonia, Former Yugoslav

Republic of Macedonia (FYROM), Georgia, India Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,

Latvia, Lebanon, Libya, Lithuania, Moldova, Nigeria, North Korea (Democratic People’s

Republic of Korea), Pakistan, Russian Federation, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Syria, Tajikistan,

Tonga, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, and Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and

Montenegro). Peoples Republic of Croatia (PROC), Cuba, Laos, Slovenia, and Vietnam (regular

passport holders only: diplomatic and official passport holder does not need entry visas).

b. The following are also required entry visas when coming to the Philippines: Holders of

Taiwanese passports, Holders of Documents of Identity (DI), Certificates of Identity (CI) or

Travel Documents (Titre de Voyage), Stateless Persons.

c. The following nationals are allowed to enter the Philippines without a visa for a stay not

exceeding seven (7) days: Holders of Hong Kong-British, British National Overseas (BNO),

Special Administrative Region (SAR) passports, holders of Portuguese passports issued in

Macao

Important Notes:

Page 28 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
NOTE 1:

For admission without visas, regulations require that passports are valid for at least six (6)

months. However, Immigration Officers at ports of entry may exercise their discretion to admit

holders of passports valid for at least sixty (60) days beyond the intended period of stay; For

admission with visa, passports must be valid for at least six (6) months, unless entry is

otherwise authorized by the Department of Justice or the Bureau of Immigration.

NOTE 2: Valid ticket for return journey to port of origin or to the next port of destination is

required for presentation upon arrival at the airport.

NOTE 3: Nationals who are subjects of deportation/blacklist orders of the Department of Justice

and Bureau of Immigration shall not be admitted to the Philippines.

f. Countries with which the Philippines has agreements on the abolition of visa requirements for

holders of Diplomatic, Official, or Special Passport for the duration of assignment or mission in

the Philippines which are as follows: Austria, Bolivia, Brazil, Brunei, Chile, Croatia (FSC 230-

94), Cuba, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Greece, Hungary (FSC 189-94), Indonesia, Israel,

Italy, Republic of Korea, Laos (FSC 227-96), Malaysia, Norway, Panama (FSC 198-97), Peru

(FSC 106-97), Poland, Romania (FSC 203-96), Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,

Thailand, Tunisia, Venezuela and Vietnam (FSC 36-97).

Page 29 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
The Standard ICAO Embarkation/Disembarkation (E/D) Card, which is distributed by airline

crew, must be duly accomplished and must be presented upon arrival/departure to the

Immigration Officer. No documentation or visa is required of passengers arriving and departing

on the same through flight or transferring to another flight at the same or nearby airport

provided and who do not leave the transit lounge or Airport Direct Transit Area of the airport.

Nationals of the following countries, if coming as temporary visitors (up to 59 days stay).

Countries with which the Philippines has agreements for the abolition of visa requirements (for

holders of regular passports and entry for business or pleasure):

– Brazil, Brunei, Gibraltar, Indonesia, Israel, Malaysia, Romania, Singapore, Sri Lanka,

Thailand and Mongolia (FSC 164-94).

Those waived by the President of the Philippines under the following category:

– Children below 15 years of age, unaccompanied by or not coming to join a parent, may be

allowed entry into the Philippines, unless the Immigration Commissioner waives the exclusion

ground against them, as provided in Section 29(a) of the Philippine Immigration Act of 1940 as

amended, and payment of Immigration fees.

– Alien seaman coming to the Philippines to join their vessels for the first time must be in

possession of valid visas, irrespective of whether or not they are nationals of those countries

Page 30 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
having bilateral agreements with the Republic of the Philippines regarding no visa

requirements.

PUBLIC HEALTH MEASURES APPLIED TO PASSENGERS

A Yellow Fever Vaccination Certificate is required from travellers over one (1) year of age

arriving within six (6) days from infected areas.

PUBLIC HEALTH MEASURES APPLIED TO AIRCRAFT

All aircraft from foreign airports are subject to quarantine inspection upon landing in the

Philippines. Aircraft arriving from abroad shall land first at an airport of entry, unless

permission to land elsewhere is first granted by the competent authorities, who upon granting

such permission shall immediately notify the Director of Quarantine. It shall be the

responsibility of any airline operating aircraft engaged in international flights to notify the

National Quarantine Office on the arrival of its aircraft. The notice shall specify the type of

aircraft, the registration marks and license number, the last airport of departure, the airport of

entry and number of persons on board. Notifications of arriving aircraft shall be given as to

allow the Quarantine Medical Officer to be at the airport of entry on or before the time of its

scheduled arrival. No aircraft shall be allowed to leave any airport of the Philippine for foreign

airports without procuring from the Quarantine Medical Officer an outgoing clearance. In view

of danger of the introduction of insects which are economic hazards or vectors of disease, any

aircraft from any foreign airport shall be disinfected prior to its departure from its last airport of

Page 31 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
call (“block away” disinfecting) using World Health Organization (WHO) approved formulas

for aerosol.

FEES (Article 15)

The following types of fees and charges may be assessed:

a. Landing and take-off Fees

b. Parking Charges

c. Passenger Service Charge

d. Air Navigation Service Charge

e. Overflight Service Charge

Aircraft Entry Requirements

Aircraft flying into or departing from Philippine territory shall make their first landing at, or

final departure from, an international aerodrome/heliport (see AIRPORTS OF ENTRY). For

reasons of national security, all aircraft flights originating from foreign countries which will

overfly or land on Philippine territory are monitored to ensure that such flight will not be

inimical or injurious to national security. Thus, as a standing policy, all aircraft of foreign

Page 32 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
registry, except scheduled air carriers desiring to overfly Philippine airspace, or to land in

Philippine territory are required to secure diplomatic clearances, before operating such flights.

For purpose of this procedures, Philippine airspace is not considered according to its legal

definition as internationally accepted but is meant to be the airspace covered by the Philippine

Air Defence Identification Zone (PADIZ) and, in the case of Mindanao, Palawan and the Sulu

archipelago, the airspace within the Philippine treaty boundaries

SCHEDULED FLIGHTS

For regular international scheduled flights operated by foreign airlines into or in transit across

the Philippines, the following requirements must be met: a. the State of the airline must be a

party to the International Air Services Transit Agreement and/or the International Air Transport

Agreement wherein the Philippines is a party to both Agreements; b. the airline must be eligible

to make the flights under the provision of a bilateral or multilateral agreement to which the State

of the airline and the Philippines are contracting parties; c. and the airline must have a permit to

operate into or in transit across the Philippines. Applications for such permits shall be submitted

to the Civil Aeronautics Board, copy furnished the Department of Foreign Affairs

(DESIGNATED AUTHORITIES, above).

NON-SCHEDULED FLIGHTS

If an operator intends to carry out a (series of) non-scheduled flight(s) in transit across, or

making non-traffic stops in the territory of the Philippines, it is necessary for the operator to

Page 33 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
obtain prior permission. If an operator intends to perform a (series of) non-scheduled flight(s)

into the Philippines for the purpose of taking on or discharging passengers, cargo or mail, it is

necessary for the operator to apply to Civil Aeronautics Board for permission to carry out such

operations not less than twenty four hours in advance of the intended landing. The application

must include the following information in the order shown hereunder:

a. name of operator;

b. type of aircraft and registration marks;

c. date and time of arrival at, and departure from an aerodrome;

d. place or places of embarkation or disembarkation abroad, as the case may be, of passengers

and/or freight; e. purpose of flight and number of passengers and/or nature and amount of

freight; and f. name, address and business of charter, if any. Military exit clearance for

international non-scheduled commercial air carrier is no longer required.

PRIVATE FLIGHTS

The information contained in the flight plan is accepted as adequate advance notification of the

arrival of incoming aircraft, such information must be transmitted so that it will be received by

the public authorities concerned at least two hours in advance of arrival; the landing must be

carried out on a previously designated international aerodrome. Application for special

Page 34 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
permission must be submitted to the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines (CAAP) at least

seven (7) days prior to entry over Philippine airspace.

DOCUMENTARY REQUIREMENTS FOR CLEARANCE OF AIRCRAFT

It is necessary that the under mentioned aircraft documents be submitted by airline operators for

clearance on entry and departure of their aircraft to and from the Philippines. All documents

listed below must follow the ICAO Standard format as set forth in the relevant appendices to

ICAO Annex 9 and are acceptable when furnished in English only and completed in legible

handwriting. No visas are required in connection with such documents.

Required by General Declaration Passenger Manifest Cargo Manifest

Immigration 2 2 -

Customs 1 1 1

Health 1 1 -

NOTE 1: One copy of the General Declaration is endorsed and returned by Customs, signifying

clearance.

NOTE 2: If no passengers are embarking (disembarking) and no articles are laden (unladen), no

aircraft documents except copies of the general Declaration need be submitted to the above

Page 35 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
authorities. For Private flights, No documents in addition to those mentioned above, are

required in the case of an aircraft remaining within the Philippines for less than seven (7) days.

For a stay beyond seven (7) days after the date of arrival, a “carnet de passages en douane” will

be accepted in lieu of a bond or of any other financial guarantee.

REQUIREMENTS FOR DIPLOMATIC FLIGHT CLEARANCE

a. Non-scheduled foreign air carrier, civilian or military desiring to land on Philippine airports

on non-revenue flights or to overfly through Philippine airspace.

b. Scheduled air carriers without CAB approved routes which will land on Philippine airports or

will overfly through Philippine airspace.

c. Scheduled air carriers desiring to operate extra section and charter flights to the Philippines.

d. Supplemental and non-scheduled carrier of foreign countries desiring to operate charter or

revenue flights to the Philippines

e. Foreign registered aircraft desiring to land on Philippine airports for reasons of emergency.

Emergency landing presuppose that on take-off of the aircraft from its point of origin abroad, no

landing in Philippine airports was planned or intended but that such landing was caused by

circumstances beyond the control of aircraft’s crew

Procedures;

Page 36 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
a. All operators of aircraft under (Scope (a) and (b)) above, including those making technical

landings only, must request diplomatic flight clearances from the Department of Foreign Affairs

(DFA), Manila, either through their respective diplomatic or consular representatives in the

Philippines, through representing or servicing local firms, or through Philippine diplomatic or

consular offices abroad.

b. Requests for diplomatic flight clearances must be addressed and submitted directly to the

Secretary, Department of Foreign Affairs (Attn: Assistant Secretary for Legal Affairs) at least

seven (7) working days before time of penetration of Philippine airspace and which are then

indorsed to the Commanding General, Philippine Air Force (Attn: 1st Air Division) for

comment and recommendation. To expedite processing, simultaneous dispatch may be made by

the requesting party by furnishing copies of the letter of request to CG, PAF, at the same time

that the original request is submitted to Department of Foreign Affairs (DESIGNATED

AUTHORITIES, above).

c. Applications for revenue flights of all operators of aircraft covered under (Scope (c) and (d))

shall be filed with the Civil Aeronautics Board at least seven (7) days before the operation of the

flights, copy furnished the CG, PAF (Attn: 1st Air Division) and the Director General for Civil

Aviation (Attn: Flight Safety Division). Foreign air carriers desiring to operate revenue flights

to the Philippines for the first time shall submit their application through diplomatic channels.

Page 37 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
d. Requests for diplomatic flight clearances by operators of revenue flights, whether carrying

passengers or cargoes, must attach thereto a copy of approval from the Civil Aeronautics Board

for such flights.

e. Approved diplomatic flight clearances are only valid for twenty-four (24) hours and could be

extended up to seventy-two (72) hours, if a re-adjustment for the flight, changes in call sign,

registry number, or type of aircraft is necessary due to inclement weather or technical difficulty.

Such information, however, must be relayed to Philippine authority at least twenty-four (24)

hours in advance.

f. For purposes of getting assured of POL (petroleum, oil and lubricants) servicing, requests for

diplomatic flight clearances must specify the requirements for POL while in Philippine airports,

specifying therein the type and quantity desired.

g. All requests for diplomatic flight clearances must be made with the Department of Foreign

Affairs for their publication and dissemination.

h. Pilots of foreign registered aircraft desiring to land on Philippines airports due to emergency

will notify the Manila Area Control Center of their intentions to land, stating therein the nature

of their emergencies. As soon as received, Manila ACC will immediately notify the Air

Movement and Information Section (AMIS) and render assistance to the aircraft in distress.

AMIS will notify the Senior Controller, Philippine Air Defence Control Center (PADCC) of the

emergency, who in turn will secure approval/disapproval will immediately be transmitted to the

Page 38 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law
pilot of the aircraft through the same channel in the reverse order. Transmission of information

on this nature will be given immediate priority. A-2 will notify DFA later of the emergency

landing

AIRPORTS OF ENTRY

Angeles (Diosdado Macapagal Intl) 24 hrs

Davao (Francisco Bangoy Intl) 0000–0900 UTC (on request other times)

Kalibo (Intl) 2100–1300 UTC

Laoag (Intl) 2200–1400 UTC Customs 2200–1000 (on

request)

Lapu Lapu (Mactan-Cebu Intl) Mon–Fri: 0000–0900 UTC (on request

Saturday, Sunday, and holiday

Manila (Ninoy Aquino Intl) 24 hrs

Puerto Princesa (Intl) Mon-Fri: 2200–1000 UTC

Subic Bay (Intl) 24 hrs

Gen Santos City (Tambler Intl 2200–1000 UTC

Zamboanga (Intl) 24 hrs

Page 39 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law

Reference:

https://www.icao.int/publications/pages/doc7300.aspx

Page 40 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law

Page 41 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law

Page 42 of 43
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES
MEAM 610 Domestic and International Air Regulation and Aviation Law

Page 43 of 43