Stainless steels for

corrosive
environments
Outokumpu Core range

outokumpu.com/core
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We believe in
a world that
lasts forever
Outokumpu is a global leader in the advanced materials business,
creating stainless steels that are efficient, long lasting, and
recyclable. A strong customer focus, sustainability, and technical
excellence are at the heart of everything we do.

As an open and approachable company, our customers rely on our

advice to help them select products that will deliver the best long-
term performance for their needs.

With over a century of innovation behind us and some of the best

minds in the business, we continue to develop pioneering materials
to meet the demands of tomorrow.

The durability of stainless steel means that it is not only the best,
but also the most economically sustainable choice for a wide range
of applications. All of our products are made from an average of
85% recycled material and are fully recyclable at the end of their
lifecycles.

Together with our customers and partners, we are building a world

that lasts forever.

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The inside view
For multi-purpose use – indoor and mild outdoor
conditions.

Outokumpu’s legacy of innovation and consistent quality means we

have the right product for every application. By grouping our products
into ranges based on performance rather than stainless steel family we
aim to make choosing the best product for your application easier.

Core range products are designed for applications in corrosive

environments. This range contains our workhorse products Core
304/4301 and Core 304L/4307, as well as several alternatives and
low-nickel and nickel-free options.

Outokumpu austenitics are highly formable and weldable, making

them suitable for a wide range of applications from cutlery to storage
tanks. Many of our ferritic stainless steels also have good formability,
especially with regards to deep drawing, and are widely used in
architectural applications and by appliance makers.

You can depend on Outokumpu Enrique Zaldivar, Outokumpu

stainless steels to reliably and
consistently meet the specifications
that your application demands.

All Core range products are readily available around the globe and are
delivered from mills that are well known for their quality and on-time
delivery accuracy. You can depend on Outokumpu stainless steels to
reliably and consistently meet the specifications that your application
demands.

Our customers also rely on us to deliver the best material selection

The Pitting Resistance Equivalent
advice, and we can often find more cost-effective solutions that help
(PRE) number can be used to compare
you to avoid over-specifying.
the resistance of different stainless
steels to pitting corrosion. It takes
Please contact us by outokumpu.com/contacts to find out which of
into account the effect of the most
our products is right for your next project.
important alloying elements.

3
Choosing the right product
Choosing the right stainless steel for an application is key to
ensuring both the cost effectiveness and success of your project.
Take a look at the individual Core range products – and the
applications they are best suited for – to get an idea of your options.

Key products

Core 304/4301 Core 304L/4307

Core 304/4301 is a classic 18 % chromium, 8 % nickel austenitic Core 304L/4307 is a low-carbon alternative to Core 304/4301.
stainless steel. It’s an all-purpose product with good corrosion The lower carbon content minimizes carbide precipitation as a
resistance and is suitable for a wide variety of applications that result of heat input, for example during welding, giving improved
require good formability and weldability. Core 304/4301 can be resistance against intergranular corrosion. It’s suitable for a wide
delivered with a variety of surface finishes. variety of applications that require good formability and weldability,
and can be delivered with a variety of surface finishes.
Typical applications
• Household appliances and consumer goods Typical applications
• Kitchen equipment • Food and beverage industry equipment
• Indoor and outdoor cladding, handrails, and window frames • Chemical and pharmaceutical industry equipment
• Food and beverage industry equipment • Heat exchangers
• Storage tanks • Storage tanks and containers
• Flanges and valves • Pipes
• Flanges and valves
Product forms
C, H, P, B, R, S, T Product forms
C, H, P, B, R, S, T

Product forms

C H P B R S T
Cold rolled Hot rolled Quarto plate Bar Wire rod Semifinished Pipe
coil and sheet coil and sheet (bloom, billet, ingot & slab)
4
Core range
applications
• Household appliances and consumer goods
• Kitchen utensils, tableware, cutlery, pots and pans
• Sinks and countertops
• Indoor and outdoor cladding, handrails, and window
frames
• Automotive applications, such as mufflers, trims and
filters
• Food and beverage industry equipment
• Chemical and pharmaceutical industry equipment (mild
to medium corrosive environments)
• Heat exchangers
• Storage tanks
• Tank containers
• Pipes
• Rebar

If you need steels for highly corrosive

environments such as those in the pulp
and paper and chemical industries,
check Supra 316/4401, or other
products from the Supra range.

Please contact us by outokumpu.com/

contacts to find out which of our
products is right for your next project.

5
Alternatives
In addition to Core 304/4301 and Core 304L/4307 we also offer several alternatives designed for a more specific range of applications.

Outokumpu name Typical applications Product forms

Core 304LN/4311 • Railroad cars C, H, P, R, S

A low-carbon, higher nickel and nitrogen alloyed alternative to Core 304/4301 with • Pressure vessels
improved strength and low-temperature toughness. Suitable for applications that require • Chemical plant equipment
high tensile strength. (mild to medium corrosive
environments)
• Flanges and valves

Core 304L/4306 • Chemical and pharmaceutical C, H, P, B, R,

A higher nickel alternative to Core 304L/4307 with improved formability and deep plant equipment (mild S, T
drawability. to medium corrosive
environments)
• Flanges and valves

Core 305/4303 • Industrial parts with complex C, H, R, S

A high-nickel alternative to Core 304/4301 with reduced strain hardening and excellent shapes
cold forming properties. Ideal for parts that require high deformation degrees. • Sinks and other deep-drawn
products
• Complex stamping processes
• Re-rollers producing very thin-
gauge coils

Core 321/4541 • Annealing covers C, H, P, B, R,

A titanium-stabilized austenitic stainless steel with improved intergranular corrosion • Stack liners S, T
resistance for an extended temperature range. • Automotive exhaust systems
• Welded pressure vessels
• Flanges and valves

Core 347/4550 • High temperature gaskets C, H, P, B, R,

Core 347/4550 is a niobium stabilized alternative Core 321/4541 with improved • Rocket engine parts S, T
intergranular corrosion resistance and good mechanical properties at high temperatures. • Expansion joints
Core 347/4550 is particularly useful in applications with intermittent heating in the range • Aircraft collector rings
400–900 °C/750–1650 °F. • Exhaust manifolds
• Chemical production
equipment
• Flanges and valves

6
 Outokumpu name Typical applications Product forms

Core 301LN/4318 • Automotive applications, C, H, S

A low-carbon, nitrogen alloyed alternative to Core 301/4310 with elevated strength, especially vehicle chassis
making it particularly suitable for lightweight construction. • Railroad cars

Core 301/4310 • Springs C, H, B, R, S

A lower chromium and nickel alternative to Core 304/4301 with high work hardening • Press plates
capacity, this is a good choice for applications subjected to high mechanical loading. • Conveyor chains
• Mixer blades
• Fuel tanks

Low-nickel stainless steels

In our low-nickel stainless steels nickel is partly replaced by manganese giving these grades better price stability.

Outokumpu name Typical applications Product forms

Core 201/4372 • Household appliances C, H, S

This low-nickel stainless steel has properties similar to Core 301/4310 but a higher work • Kitchen utensils
hardening coefficient. • Sinks
• Doors and windows
• Railroad cars

Core 201LN/4372 • Railroad freight cars C, H, S

This low-nickel stainless steel also has properties similar to Core 301/4310, but has • Truck trailers
higher strength than Core 201/4372. It hardens more quickly due to its higher work • Coal handling
hardening coefficient. • Bulk transport equipment

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Nickel-free ferritic stainless steels
Nickel-free ferritic stainless steels offer good price stability along with good corrosion resistance and formability. Ferritic stainless steels are
magnetic.

Outokumpu name Typical applications Product forms

Core 441/4509 • Indoor claddings C, H, S

A nickel-free 17 % chromium ferritic stainless steel grade with good corrosion • Restaurant equipment and
resistance and high-temperature strength was originally designed for exhaust appliances
systems. Core 441/4509 is available with single (niobium) or dual (niobium and • Tubes
titanium) stabilization. Due to good formability and weldability it is often a suitable • Heat exchangers
replacement for Core 301/4310.

Core 439M • Automotive exhaust systems C, H, S

Very similar to Core 441/4509, but dual stabilized with titanium and niobium for a • Sugar industry equipment
more even surface appearance and enhanced weldability. With 1 % more chromium, • Household appliances
it also has slightly better corrosion resistance.

Core 4622 • Household, catering and C, H

A nickel-free, high-chromium (21 % Cr) ferritic stainless steel grade with similar architectural applications
corrosion resistance to Core 304/4301. Core 4622 has excellent deep drawability (indoor and outdoor)
and is almost ridging free, meaning it is easier to polish and has a lower overall • Tubular products for
production cost. automotive and process
Looking for expert help to choose the best grade for your next project? Contact us at outokumpu.com/contacts
industries
• Tanks and process equipment

Core 434/4113 • Automotive trim fittings C, H, S

A molybdenum-alloyed ferritic stainless steel that offers improved corrosion
resistance.

Outokumpu Moda 430/4016 can be

successfully used in place of Core
304/4301 in many indoor and mild
corrosive outdoor environments.

8
 Product performance comparison
Strength vs. corrosion resistance
650
Yield strength Rp0.2 (MPa)

600
Forta LDX 2404
Forta
550 LDX 2101 Forta SDX 2507

Forta EDX 2304 Forta DX 2205

Forta Forta SDX 100
500 FDX 251
Forta
FDX 271
450
Moda 4589 Supra 316/4401 Ultra 4565
Forta DX 2304 Supra 316L/4404
Supra 316Ti/4571
Ultra 654 SMO
400
Core Core Supra
201/4372 301LN/4318 316plus2
Supra
350 Moda 444/
410L/4003 Ultra 254 SMO
Core 4521
Core 46222
Moda 430/4016 434/ Ultra 4439
300 Core 441/4509 4113
Core Ultra 6XN
304LN/
Core 4311
Core 304/4301 Ultra 725LN
301/4310 Supra 316L/4435
Moda
250 Moda
439/4510
410S/4000 Ultra 904L
Core
Moda 409/4512 321/4541
Core 304L/4307
200 Core 304L/4306
Ultra 317L Supra 316L/4432
Moda 4510 Core Supra 316/4436
Moda 439M1 Core 305/4303
Moda 4511 430Ti/4520 Core 347/4550
0
0 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60
Corrosion resistance (PRE)

Moda – Mildly corrosive environments PRE calculation = %Cr + 3.3 x % Mo + 16 x %N

Core – Corrosive environments Note: PRE values shown are Outokumpu typical values. Yield strength (Rp0.2) according
Supra – Highly corrosive environments to EN 10088-2 minimum values for cold rolled strip. Yield strength for temper rolled

Forta – Duplex and other high strength (PRE 16 to 43) products ranges from 500-2000 MPa.

Ultra – Extremely corrosive environments (PRE > 27)

1)
According to ASTM A240.
2)
According to EN 10028-7.
For more values by product, please see steelfinder.outokumpu.com

Learn more at outokumpu.com/core

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Product properties
Core range Corrosive environments
Steel designations Performance Typical chemical composition, % by mass
ASTM A80/A 50
1
Rp0.2 Grade
Outokumpu name EN Type UNS PRE % MPa family C Cr Ni Mo N Others
Core 304/4301 1.4301 304 S30400 18 45 230 A 0.04 18.1 8.1 – – –
Core 304L/4307 1.4307 304L S30403 18 45 220 A 0.02 18.1 8.1 – – –
Alternatives
Core 304LN/4311 1.4311 304LN S30453 21 40 290 A 0.02 18.5 9.2 – 0.14 –
Core 304L/4306 1.4306 304L S30403 18 45 220 A 0.02 18.2 10.1 – – –
Core 305/4303 1.4303 305 S30500 18 45 220 A 0.04 17.7 12.5 – – –
Core 321/4541 1.4541 321 S32100 17 40 220 A 0.04 17.3 9.1 – – Ti
Core 347/4550 1.4550 347 S34700 18 40 220 A 0.05 17.5 9.5 – – Nb
Core 301LN/4318 1.4318 301LN S30153 20 35 350 A 0.02 17.7 6.5 – 0.14 –
Core 301/4310 1.4310 301 S30100 17 40 250 A 0.10 17.0 7.0 – – –
Low-Ni alternatives
Core 201/4372 1.4372 201 S20100 17 45 350 A 0.05 16.1 3.6 – 0.08 Cu 6.6Mn
Core 201LN/4372 1.4372 201LN S20153 19 45 350 A 0.02 16.2 4.1 – 0.16 Cu 6.6Mn
Ni-free alternatives
Core 441/4509 1.4509 – S43940 18 18 250 F 0.02 17.6 – – – Ti Nb
Core 439M – 439M S43932 18 221) 2051) F 0.02 17.6 – – – Ti Nb
Core 4622 1.4622 – S44330 21 222) 2052) F 0.02 21.0 – – – Ti Nb Cu
Core 434/4113 1.4113 434 S43400 20 18 280 F 0.05 16.5 – 1.0 – –
1) 2)
Min. values acc. to ASTM A240, for strip t ≤ 5 mm. Min. values acc. to EN 10028-7.

Note: figures shown are EN 10088-2 cold rolled minimum values for elongation (A80)
and yield strength (Rp0.2). Chemical compositions are Outokumpu typical values. For
specific values by product, please see steelfinder.outokumpu.com

Core range products are available with the following surface finishes: 1, 2B, 2D, 2E, Stainless steel types
and our Deco range includes Deco BA/2R, ground, polished, brushed, patterned, and
special surfaces. Austenitic stainless steels have good to excellent corrosion
resistance combined with very good weldability and formability.
The austenitic structure has good creep resistance and good
oxidation resistance that makes these steels useful at elevated
temperatures. They can also be used in cryogenic applications
and are, in the annealed condition, the only non-magnetic steel
family.

Ferritic stainless steels have good resistance to corrosion,

especially stress corrosion cracking. Their lower carbon
and nitrogen content together with niobium and/or titanium
stabilization improve both weldability and toughness. Ferritic
stainless steels are magnetic.

10
Core 4622 in mine
rescue chambers
HEAT-IT Oy from Rovaniemi, Finland selected Outokumpu’s
high-chromium ferritic stainless steel Core 4622 as the
material for their RESPETRA rescue chamber.

The RESPETRA rescue chamber is a stainless steel cabin used

in mines. It provides protection for miners for example in case
of fire for up to four days.

Core 4622 has a good combination of strength and toughness

so it can handle pressure relief well. The walls of the rescue
chamber are curved to provide protection against pressure and
gases.

We chose Outokumpu
Core 4622 as it offers
the required technical
properties at a lower cost.
I am very pleased with the
cooperation with Outokumpu.
Pekka Kilpeläinen
CEO of HEAT-IT Oy

Looking for expert help to choose the

best product for your next project?
Contact us at outokumpu.com/contacts

11
Working towards

1550EN-GB:3. September 2016.

forever.
We work with our customers and partners to create
long lasting solutions for the tools of modern life
and the world’s most critical problems: clean energy,
clean water, and efficient infrastructure. Because we
believe in a world that lasts forever.

Information given in this brochure may be subject to alterations without notice.

Care has been taken to ensure that the contents of this publication are accurate
but Outokumpu and its affiliated companies do not accept responsibility for errors
or for information which is found to be misleading. Suggestions for or descriptions
of the end use or application of products or methods of working are for information
only and Outokumpu and its affiliated companies accept no liability in respect
thereof. Before using products supplied or manufactured by the company the
customer should satisfy himself of their suitability.

MODA, CORE, SUPRA, FORTA, ULTRA, DURA, THERMA, DECO,

316PLUS and 153 MA are trademarks of Outokumpu Oyj.

PRODEC, EDX, FDX, FDX 25, FDX 27, LDX, 253 MA, 254 SMO, 654 SMO, LDX 2101,
LDX 2404 are registered trademarks of Outokumpu Oyj.
outokumpu.com