CHAPTER 4: GENETIC INHERITANCE
Part A: Multiple Choice Question
C. Q is between P and R
1. The pea plant was an excellent choice for Mendel’s D. crossing over does not occur between P and Q
experiments EXCEPT:
A. true breeding varieties were available 6. When pink-flowered plants were crossed they produced
B. the plant can be self-fertilised offspring with red, pink, and white flowers in a ratio of
C. it can be cross-fertilised 1:2:1. This is an example of…………..
D. long life cycle A. codominance
B. linked gene
2. What is the probability of producing offspring of C. incomplete dominance
homozygous genotypes from a dihybrid cross of D. multiple allele
heterozygous parents?
A. 1/8 7. Breeding a yellow dog with a brown dog produced
B. 1/4 puppies with both yellow and brown hairs. This is an
C. 3/16 example of:
D. 9/16 A. codominance
B. linked gene
3. In pea plants, the trait for tall plants is dominant, T, and C. incomplete dominance
the trait for dwarf plants is recessive, t. The trait for D. multiple allele
yellow seed colour is dominant, Y, and the trait for green
seed coat colour is recessive, y. A cross between two 8. ________________________ refers to multiple
plants results in 298 tall yellow plants and 102 tall green independent pairs of genes having similar and additive
plants. Which of the following are most likely to be the effects on the same characteristic.
genotypes of the parents? A. codominance
A. TTYY x TTYY B. linked gene
B. TTYY x ttyy C. incomplete dominance
C. TtYy x TTYy D. polygenic inheritance
D. TtYy x TtYy
9. What are the predicted genotypes of the female child from
4. If a child is of blood type O, his or her parents could be as the union of a woman who is heterozygous for
follows EXCEPT Hemophilia and a man who is normal blood clotting
A. Type A mother and type B father characteristics?
B. Type AB mother and type O father A. XHXH or XHXh
C. Type A mother and type O father B. XHXh
D. Type O mother and type O father C. XHYH.
D. Hh.
5. One experiment had a result on cross over value between
gene P, Q and R. The cross over value between gene P 10. A diploid individual has a maximum of ____________
and Q is 18%, gene Q and R is 12%, gene P and R is 6%. different alleles for a particular locus.
Which one of the statement below is TRUE about the A. one
gene? B. two
A. P is between Q and R C. four
B. R is between P and Q D. more than four
Part B: Structured Questions
1. a) In human, cystic fibrosis is caused by a recessive allele, f, of a particular gene. The albino condition, in which no melanin is
produced in the skin, is determined by a recessive allele, a, of another skin. These two genes are found on a different
chromosome.
(i) What is meant by the term allele? [1 mark]
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(ii) An unaffected individual, who is heterozygous from both albinism and cystic fibrosis can produce a range of gametes with
respect to these two genes. With reference to meiosis, describe how the difference in the gametes can arise. [2 marks]
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(iii) Two individuals, heterozygous for albinism produce a child. Calculate the probability that this child is albino. [2 marks]
b) In cats, long hair is controlled by a dominant allele, L, while short hair is controlled by its recessive allele, l. On the other hand,
brown hair is controlled by a dominant allele, B, while white hair is controlled by its recessive allele, b. Based on the information
given, answer the following questions:
(i) Determine the expected phenotypic ratio among F1 progeny for the cross between heterozygous cats. [2 marks]
(ii) What percentage of the F1 progeny in cross (i) is expected to be pure breed? [1 marks]
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(iii) What percentage of F1 progenies in cross (i) can be used as a test cross parent? [1 marks]
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(iv) What percentage of F1 progenies in cross (i) is expected to have short and brown hair? [1 marks]
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2. Corn (Zea mays) seeds may have various colours and shapes. Red ( R ) and non-shrunken (S) are dominant over white( r ) and
shrunken (s) respectively. A cross was done between a homozygous red non-shrunken line and a homozygous white shrunken line.
The F1 generation was then crossed with a homozygous white shrunken line, and the following progeny were produced.
Red Shrunken 13
White Non shrunken 12
Red Non shrunken 48
White Shrunken 46
a) State the type of cross between the F1 generation and the homozygous white shrunken line above. [1 mark]
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b) Does the above cross conform to the Mendelian ratio? Give reasons for your answer? [2 marks]
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c) Show the cross until F2 progeny. [7 marks]
3. Fur colour in the Canadian Bigfoot is controlled by three alleles Cb, Cr,and c (c is recessive). A black-coated male mated with a
red-coated female over a number of years, producing a family of ten offspring; 2 black, 3 red, 2 chestnut (a mixture of black and
red colours), and 3 white.
a) What term would you use to describe the alleles Cb and Cr ? [1 mark]
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b) What is the genotype of the white-coated offspring? [1 mark]
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c) What are the genotypes of the TWO parents? [2 marks]
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d) What ratio would you have predicted for the four phenotypes listed above? [1 mark]
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e) What phenotype would you expect from the crossing of chest-nut coated and white coated Bigfoot? [2 marks]
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f) If two chestnuts coated Bigfoot mated, what would the probability be of their first baby also being Chestnut coated?
[3 marks]
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Part C: Essay Questions
1. Pure–bred pea plants with grey seed coats and long stems were crossed with plants with white seed coats and short stems. All
offspring in the F1 generation had grey seed-coats and long stems.
a) Suggest symbols for seed coat colour and stem height alleles. [2 marks]
b) Using a genetic diagram, explain the phenotype ratio you would expect if the F 1 generation were selfed. [12 marks]
c) Explain how you would find out the genotype of a plant with grey seed coats and long stems. [6 marks]
2. The mosquito, Aedes aegyptii has spotted or spotless forms on a grey or yellow body. The allele for spotless body, S, is
dominant to the allele for spotted body, s. The allele for grey body, G is dominant to the allele for yellow body, g. A cross was
made between homozygous spotless, grey bodied mosquitoes and spotted, yellow bodied mosquitoes. The F 1 individuals were
then crossed with the homozygous recessive and the number of the resulting phenotypes was counted. The results are shown
below
Phenotypes Number
Spotless, grey bodied 442
Spotted, yellow bodied 458
Spotted, grey bodied 46
Spotless, yellow bodied 54
a) State the genotype and the phenotype of the F1 using the above symbols. [2 marks]
b) Using a genetic diagram, explain the results shown above and state the map unit between both genes. [8 marks]
“If you don’t make the time to work on creating the life you want, you’re eventually going to be forced to spend a LOT of time dealing
with a life you DON’T want.”
- Kevin Ngo
