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Basic Proportionality Theorem

This document provides an overview of the Basic Proportionality Theorem and how to apply it to solve problems involving proportions in triangles. It begins with definitions of ratio and proportion. It then presents two example problems demonstrating how to set up and solve equations using the Basic Proportionality Theorem. Key points are summarized, additional practice problems are provided, and references for further information are given. The document aims to teach students how to apply the fundamental theorem of proportionality to solve geometric problems involving triangles.

Uploaded by

Jay Jexter Selda
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© © All Rights Reserved
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220 views19 pages

Basic Proportionality Theorem

This document provides an overview of the Basic Proportionality Theorem and how to apply it to solve problems involving proportions in triangles. It begins with definitions of ratio and proportion. It then presents two example problems demonstrating how to set up and solve equations using the Basic Proportionality Theorem. Key points are summarized, additional practice problems are provided, and references for further information are given. The document aims to teach students how to apply the fundamental theorem of proportionality to solve geometric problems involving triangles.

Uploaded by

Jay Jexter Selda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region IV – A (CALABARZON)
City Schools Division of Dasmariñas
DASMARIÑAS INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
Congressional South Ave. Burol I, Dasmariñas City

view of
Ed MIS Theorem
Basic Proportionality
d BEIS Presented by:
Paul Jorel R. Santos
Objectives

apply the fundamental theorems of

proportionality to solve problems involving

proportions.
Review

What is ratio?

What is proportion?
Example 1
In the triangle below, 𝐴𝐷 = 5𝑐𝑚,

𝐵𝐷 = (𝑥 + 6)𝑐𝑚, 𝐴𝐸 = 3𝑐𝑚, and

𝐶𝐸 = (𝑥 + 3)𝑐𝑚. Find AB.


Basic Proportionality Theorem
If a line is drawn parallel to one

side of the triangle, it cuts the

other two sides proportionally.


Basic Proportionality Theorem

If 𝐷𝐸 is parallel to 𝐵𝐶, then

𝐴𝐷 𝐴𝐸
= .
𝐵𝐷 𝐶𝐸
Example 1
In the triangle below, 𝐴𝐷 = 5𝑐𝑚,

𝐵𝐷 = (𝑥 + 6)𝑐𝑚, 𝐴𝐸 = 3𝑐𝑚, and

𝐶𝐸 = (𝑥 + 3)𝑐𝑚. Find AB.


Solution
Step 1: Set up the equation.

𝐴𝐷 𝐴𝐸
=
𝐵𝐷 𝐶𝐸
5 3
=
𝑥+6 𝑥+3
Solution

Step 2: Solve the resulting equation.

5(𝑥 + 3) = 3(𝑥 + 6)

5𝑥 + 15 = 3𝑥 + 18

2𝑥 = 3
Solution
Step 2: Solve the resulting equation.

𝑥 = 1.5

𝐵𝐷 = 𝑥 + 6 = 1.5 + 6 = 7.5

Thus, 𝐴𝐵 = 𝐴𝐷 + 𝐵𝐷 = 5 + 7.5 = 12.5𝑐𝑚


Example 2
If 𝑃𝑇 = 3𝑥 + 1, 𝑇𝑅 =
3𝑥 − 1, 𝑄𝑆 = 5𝑥 − 1,
and 𝑅𝑆 = 4𝑥 + 1, find
the value of x.
Solution
Step 1: Set up the equation.

𝑃𝑇 𝑄𝑆
=
𝑇𝑅 𝑆𝑅
3𝑥 + 1 5𝑥 − 1
=
3𝑥 − 1 4𝑥 + 1
Solution
Step 2: Solve the equation.

3𝑥 + 1 5𝑥 − 1
=
3𝑥 − 1 4𝑥 + 1
(3𝑥 + 1)(4𝑥 + 1) = (3𝑥 − 1)(5𝑥 − 1)
2 2
12𝑥 + 7𝑥 + 1 = 15𝑥 − 8𝑥 + 1
Solution
Step 2: Solve the equation.
3𝑥2 − 15𝑥 = 0
3𝑥(𝑥 − 5) = 0
𝑥 = 0, 𝑥 = 5
The value of x cannot be zero since this will lead
to a negative length of some sides of the triangle.
Thus, 𝑥 = 5.
Key points

If a line is drawn parallel to one side of the

triangle, it cuts the other two sides

proportionally.
Additional Activities
Answer the additional activities on
http://school.quipper.com
•Basic Proportionality Theorem
Reference
•www.school.quipper.com
•MathTIME for Grade 9, 20(3).

To obtain a copy of this slide, visit


http://pauljorelsantos.weebly.com
Quiz 9.1
Solve the ff.
Given: In ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶, 𝐷𝐸 ∥ 𝐵𝐶
If 𝐴𝐷 = 8 and 𝐴𝐸 = 5
1. Find 𝐷𝐵 if 𝐸𝐶 = 2. 4. Find x if 𝐵𝐷 = 2𝑥 + 1
and 𝐸𝐶 = 3𝑥 − 4.
2. Find 𝐸𝐶 if 𝐷𝐵 = 3. 5. Find 𝐸𝐶 if 𝐵𝐷 = 𝑥 + 2
and 𝐸𝐶 = 𝑥 − 5.
3. Find 𝐴𝐵 if 𝐸𝐶 = 4.
Quiz 9.2
Solve the ff.
Given: In ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶, 𝐷𝐸 ∥ 𝐵𝐶
D and E are the midpoints of 𝐴𝐵 and 𝐴𝐶, respectively.
Complete each statement.
1. If 𝐷𝐸 = 12, then 𝐵𝐶 = .
2. If 𝐴𝐵 = 36, then 𝐴𝐷 = .
3. If 𝐸𝐶 = 12.5, then 𝐴𝐶 = .
4. If 𝐵𝐶 = 37, then 𝐷𝐸 = .
5. If 𝐴𝐵 = 2𝑥, then 𝑁𝐵 = .

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