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Science
Quarter 1 – Week 1:
Module 1: Properties of Matter

Department of Education ● Republic

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 Science – Grade 4
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Properties of Matter
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writers: RESTY F. TAMBO-ONG, Pedro Guevara Elementary School
MINA J. NARAG, CENTEX Elementary School
Editor: REBECCA M. ROXAS, Education Program Supervisor
Reviewers/Validators: JONATHAN P. DEREZ, Public School District Supervisor
Illustrator: RESTY F. TAMBO-ONG, Pedro Guevara Elementary School
Layout Artist: RESTY F. TAMBO-ONG, Pedro Guevara Elementary School
Management Team: MALCOLM S. GARMA, Regional Director
GENIA V. SANTOS, CLMD Chief
DENNIS M. MENDOZA, Regional EPS in Charge of LRMS and
Regional ADM Coordinator
MARIA MAGDALENA M. LIM, CESO V, Schools Division
Superintendent
AIDA H. RONDILLA, Chief-CID
LUCKY S. CARPIO, Division EPS in Charge of LRMS and
Division ADM Coordinator

Printed in the Philippines by

Department of Education – Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)

Office Address:

Telefax:
E-mail Address:

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 4

Science
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Properties
of Matter

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and

reviewed by educators from public and private schools, colleges, and
or/universities. We encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to
email their feedback, comments, and recommendations to the Department of
Education at [email protected].

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic

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 INTRODUCTORY MESSAGE

For the facilitator:

This module addresses the learning needs of pupils and those learners at
risk in order to help them overcome social and economic constraints, continue
education at home through home-school program of the learners and develop
harmonious relationships of children and parents thru tutorial while enhancing
basic skills of elementary learners’ scientific skills.

For the learner:

Hello Learner. How are you today?

Welcome to the interesting world of materials. Every day and everywhere
you see, you hear, you smell, you taste and you feel different objects. There are
different objects or materials in our environment that can be classified according to
their properties. In this module, you will learn about other properties of materials,
such as its ability to absorb water, float or sink, and their rate of decay.
There are some pointers that you have to follow as you go over this module.
These pointers will help you achieve the objectives of this module successfully.
1 Do not forget to take the pre-test.
2 Go through the pages one by one since the topics are related to one another.
If you miss one page, you may not understand the succeeding pages.
3 Perform the activities as instructed and be sure to finish them.
4 If ideas are not clear you can always go back to the pages where they
are discussed.
5 At the end of the module, do not forget to take the posttest

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 WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

This is a new beginning in learning more about things around you. Your
may have learned in your past years the various things present near you. This
time, you will learn the common physical properties of all forms of matter. You
will classify materials based on their properties.
The module is divided into three lessons, namely:

Lesson 1 – Materials that Absorb or Repel Water

Lesson 2 – Materials that Float or Sink

Lesson 3 – Materials that Decay

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Classify materials based on the ability to absorb water, float, sink,
undergo decay (S4MT-Ia-1)
1. Identify materials that absorb water
2. Classify materials based on their ability to absorb water
3. Identify materials that float or sink
4. Classify materials that float or sink
5. Identify the materials that undergo decay
6. Classify the materials whether they decay or do not decay
7. Develop K-12 life skills such as communication, critical thinking,
creativity, collaboration and character.

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 WHAT I KNOW
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.
1. Which material absorbs water?

1. plastic bottle
2. wax paper

3. cotton ball

4. rubber ball
2. Why do boats float in water?

1. Boats are made of wood that make them float.

2. Man uses paddle to make the boat float in water.

3. The sea breeze makes the boat float in water.

4. The water current pushes the boat upward.

3. Which of the following materials decay easily?

1. wood
2. rubber

3. plastic
4. metal

4. An object with less density in water.

1. sinks
2. floats

3. sinks and floats

4. none of the above

5. Diapers can absorb urine because they have inside them.

1. plastic sheet
2. cotton pads

3. rubber sheet
4. cloth
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 Lesson
Materials that Absorb or Repel
1 Water
LET’S LEARN (Communication Skill)
Animated Objects. We have here Spongee sponge and Garry glass. They are going
to help you learn and explore objects that can absorb water and cannot.

Hello, kids. Welcome to the

amazing world of materials. I am
Spongee sponge. I will share to you
the interesting life I have, together
with my cousins and friends.

This is what my body looks like. I have

lots of small holes called pores that enable
the air, water or any liquid to pass through
me. These pores with connecting fibers
allow the liquid or air to soak into my body.
I am porous because I have pores all over
my body. This makes me absorb as much
water as I can. Hence, I am absorbent.

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 I am Peter paper. I am made from plant
materials. I have fibers which are called cellulose.
Water is attracted to me and it likes to be soaked up
in my body. I am absorbent as well.
Absorbent materials, like me, are normally seen in
objects with a lot of holes that liquid to get inside the
materials and occupy the spaces in it through capillarity.

Capillarity is the special ability of liquid to pass

through narrow spaces without the assistance of an
external force like gravity (Balatbat and Delos Reyes,
2015).

Hi, my name is Tissy Tissue paper. The same with

Peter paper, I am also absorbent as I am made from
plant materials with lots of fibers. However, my body
has more small spaces and loose fibers.

When water gets near, it likees to fill my spaces

as it follows the water attracted to the cellulose.
More spaces allow more water to be absorbed. That
is why, I absorb more water than Peter paper.

To know immediately which is more absorbent material is through measuring

the weight of the dry material, then measuring it again after it has been soaked in
liquid. Then, subtract the weight of dry material with the soaked material.
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 Hi, I’m Garry glass. Unlike my friends,
Spongee sponge, Peter paper and Tissy
tissue paper, I cannot absorb water.

I am non-porous. Look at
my body structure. My body is
compact. It does not allow
much air to flow and it does
not absorb water. Hence, I’m
non-absorbent.

Hello, I’m Celso cellophane. I am

common in the plastic family. I am light
weight and flexible. Water is repelled by
me and I cannot absorb it. That is why I
am also non-absorbent like Garry glass.
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 WHAT YOU WILL DO (Collaboration Skill)

Now work with partner and let us do this exercise!

Box the Objects. Complete the idea. Box the correct answer. Choose
your answer inside the parentheses.

1. Towel

A towel is made of (cotton wool, rubber).

A towel (can, cannot) absorb water.

2. Drinking Glass

A glass is made of (paper, glass). A

glass (can, cannot) absorb water.

3. Raincoat

A raincoat is made of (paper, plastic). A

raincoat (can, cannot) absorb water.

4. Sando bag

A Sando bag is made of (paper, plastic). A

Sando bag (can, cannot) absorb water.

5. T-shirt

A T-shirt is made of (paper, cotton).

A T-shirt (can, cannot) absorb water.
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 LET US STUDY AND ANALYZE THIS! (Critical Thinking Skill)

A. Emoji Overload. Check the happy emoji if the object presented is

porous, sad emoji if it is non-porous. In addition, you need to write
ABSORB if the object can absorb water and REPEL if it cannot absorb
water. On the last column, classify the material if it is absorbent or not.

ABSORB ABSORBENT
OBJECTS or OR NON-
REPEL ABSORBENT
Porous Non-porous
Materials Materials

Tissue paper

Glass Plate

Cotton balls

Plastic cup

Umbrella
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 B. Absorb or Not! With the given materials inside the box, group them
according to their ability to absorb water. Write them in the
corresponding scroll below.

raincoat pail coin sponge paper

mirror towel cotton umbrella handkerchief

C
A
N
N
O
O T
Objects that CAN b a
absorb water j b
e s
c o
t r
s b

w
t
a
h t
a e
t r

___________________
____________
_ ___________________
_ ___________________
_ _________________
_ 2. What are the materials at your
_ home that absorb water? How
_ about
_ objects that do not
_ absorb water?
_ ___________________
_ ___________________
_ _________________
___________________
___________________
_________________

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 Lesson

2 Materials that Float or Sink

Have you
ever wondered why some things float and others sink?
(Communication Skill)

Hello there! I’m Kim. Today, let us explore on the things that
float or
sink. Everything about us is made of tiny microscopic particles
known
as molecules. Some objects have molecules that are
packed tightly together while others are loosely packed.

Objects with tightly packed molecules such as in marbles

have a higher density compared to objects with loosely packed
molecules such as in a Ping-Pong ball.
The density of an object makes it float or sink in water.
When the density of the object is greater than the density of
water, the object will sink. On the other hand, when thedensity
of the object is lower than water, the object will float.
Hence, since a marble has a density greater than water,
it will sink. The Pingpong ball, however, has lower density than
water, therefore it floats.
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 The floating and sinking of object in a liquid depends on
the density of both the object and the liquid.
3
For example, iron will always have a density of about 7.9 g/cm
no matter how large or small piece of iron is. With the given density of
3
water is 1 g/cm , the iron will sink. However, the cork will float in the
3
water because has only a density of about 0.3 g/cm .
Again, the density of an object determines whether it
will float or sink in the water. An object will float, if it is less
dense than the liquid it is placed in. An object will sink, if it is
denser than the liquid it is placed in.

The boat on the picture keeps itself afloat. The tendency

of an object, like a boat, to float in liquid is called buoyancy.
Because of upthrust, it makes the ship or boat to float in
the ocean. Upthrust is the force which is responsible in making
an object float or sink in the liquid. It is a push that always goes
straight up, against the direction of the gravity.

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 WHAT YOU WILL DO (Creativity Skill)

Buoyant or Not. Circle the objects that can float and draw a square

around the objects that sink.

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B. What objects at home can float in water? Sink in water? Draw five objects
that will float and five objects that will sink in water, below.

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 LET US STUDY AND ANALYZE THIS! (Critical Thinking Skill)

Float vs. Sink. Classify the materials shown in the picture whether they float or sink.
Write the name of the objects in the appropriate column.

marble nail floater coin stone

plastic cup cellophane glass ball leaves

FLOAT SINK
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 Lesson

3 Materials that Decay

Communication Skill

Hi there! I’m Peter, I am a material which rot or decay.

When I decay, I become part of the environment and
used again by living things. My decaying process takes
place with the help of bacteria and fungi which are
known as decomposers. Decomposers help breakdown
dead plants and animals, returning substances and
nutrients to the soil for plants to reuse in the form of
natural fertilizers. My friends are leaves, animal wastes,
food wastes and hair.

And I am John, I am the opposite of Peter. I am

non-decaying and do not rot. I can cause clogged
drainages as well as water and land pollution
when irresponsibly thrown away. I cannot be
used as resources for living things to grow but
they I can be recycled and reused by people
using technology. These are my friends, plastic
bags, bottles, glass, metal, and rubber tires.
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 WHAT YOU WILL DO (Collaboration Skill)
With your partner, identify whether the following materials are
biodegradable or non- biodegradable. Classify them in the proper
trash bin.

Leaves Animal Wastes Plastic Bags Bottle

Food Wastes Glass Hair Metal Rubber Tires

BIODEGRADABLE

NON-BIODEGRADABLE
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 LET US STUDY AND ANALYZE THIS! (Critical Thinking Skill)

Identify some materials that you can see at home that are decaying or
non-decaying. List them down on the table.

Decaying Materials Non-decaying Materials

HUMAN CONNECTIVITY (Character Skill)

1. Knowing that nonbiodegradable materials pile up and pollute the

environment, how can you minimize waste materials that do not decay easily?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

CREATE SOMETHING NEW! (Creativity Skill)

Make a mini-scrapbook of 10 ways you can do to lessen nonbiodegradable
objects at home, in school, and in the community. You can use recycled paper
to add touch to your environment-friendly work. Ask assistance with your parent
or guardian.

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 LET’S SUMMARIZE!

1. Absorb means to take in, in a natural or gradual way.

2. Repel means to push back or move away.
3. Porosity is a property of a material that lets it absorb water and other liquids.
4. Capillarity is the special ability of liquid to pass through narrow spaces without
the assistance of an external force like gravity (Balatbat and Delos Reyes, 2015).
5. Absorbent materials are normally seen in objects with a lot of holes that liquid to
get inside the materials and occupy the spaces in it through capillarity. Meanwhile,
the Non-porous materials are the materials that do not allow air or water to pass
through.
6. Density is the amount of matter present in a given volume of substance. It is
the degree of compactness of an object.
7. Buoyancy is the tendency of an object to float in liquid. It is the upthrust or
the force that pushes an object up opposing the weight of an object immersed in
water or any liquid. It is a push that always goes straight up, against the
direction of the gravity.
8. Float means to stay on the surface of the liquid such as in water.
9. Sink means to go down below or to the bottom of the surface of the liquid
(such as water).
10. The density of an object determines whether it will float or sink in the water. An
object will float if it is less dense than the liquid it is placed in. An object will sink if it is
denser than the liquid it is placed in.
11. Decay means to be slowly destroyed into bits in the presence of water, air and soil

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 ASSESSMENT
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the chosen letter
on a separate sheet of paper
1. A glass of water spilled on the table. You want to dry the table at once. What are
you going to use?
a. cotton b. tissue paper c. rug made of cloth d. handkerchief

2- 4. Study the following pictures. Which materials DO NOT absorbed water. Write the
letter that corresponds to your answer.

a. b. c

d e.

2. 3. 4.

5. Cotton is a material that allows air and water to pass through it. How will you classify
this material?
a. it is a non- porous material b. it does not absorb water
c. it is a porous material d. it sinks

6. Which of the following materials easily absorbed water?

a. raincoat b. bath towel c. styropore cup d. ball
7. Why would some people prepare to use plastic bag than a paper bag?
1. Plastic bag easily get wet
b. Paper bag easily get wet and torn into pieces.
3. Plastic bag is lighter than paper bag
4. Paper bag is not available in the market.

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8. Using the data below, which group of materials can be used to prevent
oneself from drowning?

A B C
Materials that absorb Materials that float Materials that sink
water
cloth bamboo stem big stones metal
cotton roll log bar
twine cloth plastic bottle with cover hollow blocks
sponge piece of wood
rug

a. A, B, C b. B c. A d. C

9. What will happen to a rock when you place it in a pail of water?

a it will float b. it will sink
c. it will absorb water d. it will break into pieces

10. Why do some people use floaters in swimming pools?

a. It keeps them sank in the water. b. It lessens their weight.
c. It keeps them floated in the water d. A, B, C are correct.

11. Some material floats no matter what their shape is. Which type of material had been
described?
a. plastic b. rubber c. Styrofoam d. glass

12. Why do life vest keeps you afloat in the sea?

a. because of its shape b. because it is less dense
c. because it is filled with air d. because it is made of rubber

13. It means to fall to the bottom of water.

a. porous b. sink c. non- porous d. float

14. It means to stay on top of the water.

a. porous b. sink c. non- porous d. float

15. Which of the following materials have the ability to sink in water?
a. metal spoon b. wood c. plastic sheet d. twigs

16. How should non-decaying wastes be disposed?

a. by composting b. by reusing c. by recycling d. both B and C

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 Given the materials inside the box, answer the questions 17-19 below:
A B C
fishbone, chicken bottle
emptyof can,
mineralandwater,
empty
feathers, kangkong glass, empty container of
bottles of soft drinks, milk,
stem, potato peeling, cereal drinks, sardines,
leftover meat corned beef, meat loaf

17. Which group of materials will undergo decay?

a. A and B

18. Which group of materials is recyclables?

a. A and B

19. Which group of materials can be turned into fertilizer?

a. A and C

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following show
proper waste
disposal?
1. throwing garbage
to the sea
2. putting all waste
materials in one
container
3. throwing leftover
foods in the
drainage canal
4. segregating waste
into decaying and
non-decaying
materials
ANSWER KEY
Assessment

1. C
2.A
3.D
4.E
5.C
6.B
7.B
8.B
9.B
10.C
11.C
12.C
13.B
14.D
15.A
16.D
17.C
18.B
19.D
20.D

REFERENCES

Books:
Science Learner’s Material (2015), Lexicon Press
San Diego, M (2015). Voyages in Science. Bookman Inc.
Villona, H. (2015). Cyberscience. Rex Bookstore
Sarte E et.al, (2015). Science in our World. Vibal Publishing House

Electronic Sources:
file:///C:/ Science%204%20Q1%20Materials%20That%20Float%20or%20Sink.pdf

https://brainly.ph/question/667221

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