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Computer Networks Overview

A computer network consists of two or more connected computers that share resources like files, printers, and communication. Computers can be connected through cables, phone lines, wireless connections, or satellites. The largest example of a computer network is the Internet, which allows millions of users to share information globally. A basic computer network requires at least two computers, a transmission medium, networking protocols, and networking interface cards to connect and communicate.

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98 views12 pages

Computer Networks Overview

A computer network consists of two or more connected computers that share resources like files, printers, and communication. Computers can be connected through cables, phone lines, wireless connections, or satellites. The largest example of a computer network is the Internet, which allows millions of users to share information globally. A basic computer network requires at least two computers, a transmission medium, networking protocols, and networking interface cards to connect and communicate.

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farooq
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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COMPUTER NETWORKS

Maninder Kaur
[email protected]

14/10/2010 www.eazynotes.com 1
Computer Networks
A network consists of two or more computers that
are linked in order to share resources (such as
printers and CDs), exchange files, or allow
electronic communications.

The computers on a network may be linked


through cables, telephone lines, radio waves,
satellites etc.

A popular example of a computer network is the


Internet, which allows millions of users to share
information.

14/10/2010 www.eazynotes.com 2
Computer Network

14/10/2010 www.eazynotes.com 3
Every Network Includes:
1. At least two computers that have something to
share.

2. A cable or wireless pathway, called


Transmission Media, for computers to signal
each other.

3. Rules, called Protocols, so that computers can


use the unified principle of data communication.

4. Networking Interface Cards (NIC)

14/10/2010 www.eazynotes.com 4
Advantages of Computer
Networks
FileSharing: Networks offer a quick and easy
way to share files directly.

Resource Sharing: All computers in the network


can share resources such as printers, fax
machines, modems and scanners.

Communication: Those on the network can


communicate with each other via e-mail, instant
messages etc.

14/10/2010 www.eazynotes.com 5
Advantages of Computer
Networks
 Flexible Access: Networks allow their users to
access files from computers throughout the network.

 Sharing of Information: Computer networks


enable us to share data and information with the
computers that are located geographically large
distance apart.

14/10/2010 www.eazynotes.com 6
Network Computing Models
Centralized Computing
(Client-Server Network)
◦ A client-server network is where every client
is connected to the server .
◦ Server or mainframe computer has huge
storage and processing capabilities.

14/10/2010 www.eazynotes.com 7
Network Computing Models
Distributed Computing (Peer-to-Peer
Network)
◦ All devices have same power.
◦ It interconnects one or more computers.
◦ Centralized backup is not possible.

14/10/2010 www.eazynotes.com 8
Uses of Computer Network
Simultaneous Access

 Shared Peripheral Devices

 Personal Communication

 Easier Backup

14/10/2010 www.eazynotes.com 9
What is Ethernet?
A group of standards for defining a local area network
that includes standards in cabling and the structure of
the data sent over those cables as well as the hardware
that connects those cables.

 Independent of the network architecture.

 Flavors of Ethernet:
◦ IEEE 802.3 Ethernet Specification
◦ Great detail specifying cable types, data formats, and
procedures for transferring that data through those cables
◦ IEEE 802.5 Token Ring Specification

14/10/2010 www.eazynotes.com 10
APPLICATIONS OF NETWOKS
E-mail
Searchable Data (Web Sites)
E-Commerce
News Groups
Internet Telephony (VoIP)
Video Conferencing
Chat Groups
Instant Messengers
Internet Radio

14/10/2010 www.eazynotes.com 11
14/10/2010 www.eazynotes.com 12

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